000			05043nam a22004693i 4500
001			EBC3376994
003			MiAaPQ
005			20240729125301.0
006			m o d |
007			cr cnu||||||||
008			240724s1985 xx o ||||0 eng d
020			_a9780309554664 _q(electronic bk.)
020			_z9780309035286
035			_a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376994
035			_a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376994
035			_a(CaPaEBR)ebr10062912
035			_a(OCoLC)923267556
040			_aMiAaPQ _beng _erda _epn _cMiAaPQ _dMiAaPQ
050		4	_aQC913 -- .N28 1985eb
082	0		_a551.5
245	1	4	_aThe Effects on the Atmosphere of a Major Nuclear Exchange.
250			_a1st ed.
264		1	_aWashington, D.C. : _bNational Academies Press, _c1985.
264		4	_c©1985.
300			_a1 online resource (203 pages)
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_acomputer _bc _2rdamedia
338			_aonline resource _bcr _2rdacarrier
505	0		_aThe Effects on the Atmosphere of a Major Nuclear Exchange -- Copyright -- NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Summary and Conclusions -- BACKGROUND -- THE COMMITTEE'S BASELINE CASE -- NOTES ON THE NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF UNCERTAINTY -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 2 Recommendations for Research -- REFERENCES -- 3 The Baseline Nuclear Exchange -- 4 Dust -- NUCLEAR CLOUD DYNAMICS -- DUST LOFTING BY A NUCLEAR CLOUD -- SOURCES OF DUST -- OBSERVATIONS OF NUCLEAR DUST CLOUDS -- PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS -- OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF AIRBORNE DUST -- DUST LOFTED IN THE BASELINE CASE -- EXCURSIONS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 5 Fires -- OVERVIEW -- PRESENT-DAY SMOKE EMISSION AND REMOVAL -- HISTORICAL FIRE EXPERIENCE -- Earthquakes -- World War II -- Forest Fires -- Experimental fires -- IGNITION OF NUCLEAR FIRES -- Thermal phenomena -- Urban Ignition -- Forest Ignition -- BURDENS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS -- Urban Combustibles -- Forest and Wildland Combustibles -- Urban Combustibles Consumed -- Forest and Wildland Fuels Consumed -- SMOKE EMISSIONS AND PROPERTIES -- Urban Smoke -- Emission Factors -- Size Distribution and Composition -- Optical Properties -- Forest Fire Smoke -- Fire Burning Times -- Smoke Injection Altitudes -- Water in Nuclear Clouds -- Removal from the Plume -- ESTIMATING SMOKE EMISSIONS IN A MAJOR NUCLEAR EXCHANGE -- Baseline Estimates -- Excursions from the Baseline Case -- Optical Depth Excursions -- UNCERTAINTIES -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX 5-1: OBSERVATION OF PLUME HEIGHTS AND ASH TRANSPORT IN LARGE FIRES, BY F.E. FENDELL -- Plume Heights -- Smoke Obscuration -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX 5-2: WATER IN NUCLEAR CLOUDS -- Explosion Clouds -- Fire Plumes -- Water Perturbation -- CO2 Perturbation -- Effects of Water Injections -- Indirect Water Perturbations -- REFERENCES -- 6 Chemistry.
505	8		_aGASEOUS EMISSIONS FROM NUCLEAR FIREBALLS AND NUCLEAR WAR FIRES -- Nitric Oxide -- Fire Emissions -- Carbon Monoxide -- Hydrocarbons -- Oxides of Nitrogen -- EFFECTS OF EMISSIONS -- Ozone Shield Reduction -- Ozone Holes and Effects of NO2 Radiation Absorption -- Effects on Ozone of Past Nuclear Weapons Tests -- Uncertainty in Model Results -- Tropospheric Composition Changes -- Toxic Chemical Releases -- REFERENCES -- 7 Atmospheric Effects and Interactions -- OVERVIEW -- EARLY SPREAD AND EVOLUTION OF PARTICULATE CLOUDS -- DIRECT OPTICAL EFFECTS -- THERMAL EFFECTS IN ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS -- THERMAL AND CIRCULATION EFFECTS CALCULATED BY MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODELS -- MODIFICATION OF CLOUDINESS, PRECIPITATION, AND WINDS -- Ground Fog -- Cloudiness and Precipitation -- Zonal Mean Winds -- Other Large-Scale Wind Systems -- Ultra-High Clouds -- Longer Term Effects on Climate -- ANALOGS -- Arctic Haze -- Plumes from Large Forest Fires -- Early Plume from the Mount St. Helens Eruption -- Sahara Dust Plumes, the ''Harmattan'' -- Martian Global Dust Storms -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 8 Use of Climatic Effects of Volcanic Eruptions and Extraterrestrial Impacts on the Earth as Analogs -- VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS -- EXTRATERRESTRIAL IMPACTS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix: Evolution of Knowledge About Long-Term Nuclear Effects -- REFERENCES -- Index.
588			_aDescription based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
590			_aElectronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
650		0	_aNuclear energy and meteorology.
650		0	_aNuclear explosions -- Environmental aspects.
650		0	_aSmoke -- Environmental aspects.
650		0	_aDust -- Environmental aspects.
650		0	_aFires -- Environmental aspects.
655		4	_aElectronic books.
776	0	8	_iPrint version: _a _tThe Effects on the Atmosphere of a Major Nuclear Exchange _dWashington, D.C. : National Academies Press,c1985 _z9780309035286
797	2		_aProQuest (Firm)
856	4	0	_uhttps://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/orpp/detail.action?docID=3376994 _zClick to View
999			_c84542 _d84542