Archaeology of the Ouse Valley, Sussex, to AD 1500.

Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Dudley John Moore -- -- an appreciation and tribute to 'a life well lived' -- Sarah Green -- Studying, archaeology, and determination -- Friendship and support -- Giving back to CCE -- Beyond Classical Archaeology -- Dudley outside of archaeology -- Publication -- Teaching -- Book Publications: -- The Archaeology of the River Ouse -- CCE (University of Sussex) and its three Sussex River Ouse Projects: teaching, learning and research -- David Rudling -- References -- Foreword -- 1. Introduction: studying the Ouse Valley -- Dudley Moore† -- 1. Introduction: studying the Ouse Valley -- Dudley Moore† -- The Ouse Valley -- References -- (by kind permission of the Sussex Archaeological Society) -- 2. Holocene geoarchaeology and palaeo-environment -- -- setting the scene -- Michael J. Allen -- Figure 1.1: Mount Caburn near Lewes, by Francis Grose, watercolour on paper, 6th November 1762 -- 2. Holocene geoarchaeology and palaeo-environment -- -- setting the scene -- Michael J. Allen -- Geography and Topography -- The Study Area -- Palaeo-environmental and Geoarchaeological Studies -- in the Ouse valley environ -- Palaeo-environmental and geoarchaeological history of the Ouse valley environs -- Sedimentation of the valley and its archaeological implications -- The valley geoarchaeology -- Upper Ouse (Weald) -- Lower Ouse -- Archaeological Implications -- Land-use and vegetation history -- 1. The Weald -- Wealden conclusions -- 2. The Lower valley and chalklands -- A downland land-use history for the Ouse valley -- Creation of the Downland -- Woodlands of varying sorts -- 3. The valley floor -- Discussion -- Man and Environment -- Hidden prehistoric landscapes -- Human activity and the changing environments.

Removing woodland or living within the woods -- Conclusions -- Cultural role of the Ouse valley -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Figure 2.1: The topography of the Ouse valley showing the location of the key sites. This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationary Office © Crown copyrig -- Figure 2.2: Profiles of the Ouse valley at Sharpsbridge and The Brooks (after Scaife and Burrin 1983, and Jones 1971) -- Table 2.1. Radiocarbon dates from The Brooks and Caburn (from Jones 1971 -- Thorley 1981, and Waller and Hamilton 2000) -- Figure 2.3: Plan and photograph of ard marks in the Beaker soil sealed beneath Bronze Age colluvium at Ashcombe Bottom -- (from Allen 1988, fig 6.5 -- 1991, fig. 5.2) -- 3. Palaeolithic record of the Sussex Ouse Valley -- Matt Pope and Jenny Brown -- Figure 2.4: Schematic model of chalkland dry valley erosion regimes -- lynchet formation and valley fills -- 3. Palaeolithic record of the Sussex Ouse Valley -- Matt Pope and Jenny Brown -- Key Sites -- The Lewes Area -- The Lower Ouse (Seaford to Rodmell) -- The Upper Ouse (North of Malling to Uckfield) -- Discussion and future work -- References -- Figure 3.1: Find spots of handaxes -- Figure 3.2: Hand Axe, butt missing, from the Barcombe Roman villa site (drawing Jane Russell) -- 4. Mesolithic -- Diana Jones -- 4. Mesolithic -- Diana Jones -- Early floodplain development -- Sites on the Greensand belt -- Rock shelters of the Ouse Catchment -- The Upper Ouse -- Environmental evidence -- Discussion -- Future work -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Figure 4.1: A contour map of the Ouse valley of East Sussex, highlighting locations mentioned in the text and areas of superficial geology indicating river terraces and palaeochannels (OS data © Crown copyright 2015.

British Geological Survey © NERC 2015. -- Figure 4.2: A Mesolithic tranchet axehead, one of many discovered in the 1980s on the chalk downs at Iford Hill, southwest of Lewes (© Portable Antiquities Scheme) -- Figure 4.3: Professor Sir Grahame Clark spent formative years in Sussex collecting flint tools, earning the nickname 'Stones and Bones' at school. His excavation at Selmeston was a prelude to his work at Starr Carr, where, using a multidisciplined scienti -- Figure 4.4: Rapid exploratory augering and excavation were carried out at Chiddinglye Wood Rocks in the spring of 2008 beneath the outcrop of Great-Upon-Little. Environmental samples and artefacts were sought further from the rockface than had been standa -- (© Marathon, licensed for reuse under a Creative Commons Licence) -- Figure 4.5: In the spring of 2011 the East Sussex Archaeology and Museums Partnership (ESAMP) constructed a conjectural Mesolithic hut of reed, hazel and heather at the Ashdown Forest Centre. Macrofossil evidence for phragmites, the common reed, has been -- Figure 4.6: A recent excavation in the Rother catchment demonstrated the potential for survival of discrete peat formations containing Mesolithic evidence in the vicinity of Sussex floodplains. Beneath a layer of gyttja mud, a sloping section of artefact- -- 5. Neolithic -- Steve Sutcliffe -- 5. Neolithic -- Steve Sutcliffe -- Into the Neolithic -- The Neolithic Environment -- Environmental evidence for Neolithic forest clearance -- Environmental evidence for construction and agricultural practices -- Structures and the Landscape -- Monument location and visibility -- Offham Hill Causewayed Enclosure -- Evidence for Neolithic settlement sites -- Bishopstone -- Neolithic flint concentrations and findspots -- Neolithic pit depositions at Peacehaven.

A buried Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age settlement site at Ashcombe Bottom? -- Territories in Neolithic Sussex -- Pottery evidence for mobility and trade networks -- Future work -- Into the Bronze Age -- References -- Sources -- Figure 5.1: Oval barrow, 'The Warrior Grave' or Camels Hump' (photo: S. Sutlciffe) -- Figure 5.2: Barrow between Cliffe Hill and Malling Hill (photo: S. Sutcliffe) -- 6. Bronze Age, a north-south divide -- Lisa Jayne Fisher -- 6. Bronze Age, a north-south divide -- Lisa Jayne Fisher -- Bronze Age chronology -- The emergence of the Bronze Age in the Ouse valley -- Current records of Bronze Age activity in the Ouse valley -- Early Bronze Age activity in the Ouse valley (2200-1600 BC) -- Burial sites -- Find spots -- Middle Bronze Age activity in the Ouse valley (1600-1000 BC) -- Burial sites -- Find spots -- Later Bronze Age activity in the Ouse valley (early 1150-800, late 800-600 BC) -- Find spots -- Burial sites -- Discussion and future work -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Figure 6.1: Bronze Age chronology -- Figure 6.2: Burial at Oxteddle Bottom, Lewes (from Horsfield 1824). This burial was actually flexed not extended as represented here -- Table 6.1: Grinsell's barrows -- Figure 6.3: Map of Grinsell's barrows (after Grinsell 1934) -- Figure 6.4: Main map of sites -- Table 6.2: Settlement (footprint symbols in Figure 6.4) or field systems (chevrons in Figure 6.4) in the Early Bronze Age and Middle Bronze Age. -- Table 6.3: Early Bronze Age find spots numbered (squares on Figure 6.4) -- Table 6.4: Early Bronze Age burial sites in the Ouse Valley (hexagons on Fig. 6.4) -- Figure 6.5: Early Bronze Age Beaker from Heathy Brow, Rodmell (after Curwen 1932, with addition) -- Figure 6.6: Cremation urns from the Lewes area (after Curwen 1954, plate 15), 1. Itford Hill -- 2 and 4. Winterbourne, Lewes.

3 and 5. Cuckoo Bottom, Lewes, reproduced by permission of Methuen Ltd. -- Figure 6.7: Objects from the Oxteddle Bottom barrow, Lewes (from Curwen, 1954, fig. 42), -- reproduced by permission of Methuen Ltd. -- Figure 6.8: Plan of Itford Hill settlement with probable associated trackways and field boundaries (scale 400m) (after Burstow and Holleyman 1957), © CUP, reproduced from Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 23, fig. 2 -- Figure 6.10: Middle Bronze Age Palstave from Sutton Farm, Iford (from Cooper 1879a) -- Figure 6.9: Palstave from Lodge Farm, Newhaven (from Curwen 1936b) -- Table 6.5: Middle Bronze Age find spots numbered (triangles on Figure 6.4) -- Table 6.6: Probable Middle Bronze Age Recorded burial sites and mounds (circles on Figure 6.4) -- Figure 6.11: Possible round barrow in Isfield at TQ 4420 1823 (photo by Lisa Fisher, scales 1m) -- Table 6.7: LBA hoards, pottery finds and metal find spots (stars on Figure 6.4) -- Figure 6.12: Later bronze finds from the Ouse valley (nos 2-4 not to scale). 1. socketed spear from Lewes (after Curwen 1954, fig. 60) -- 2. bronze awl from Southerham (after Wallis 1993) -- 3. socketed spear from Lewes (after Grinsell 1931, plate 3) -- 4. soc -- Figure 6.13: Decorated axe from Lewes (from Shiffner 1856, 286) -- 7. Iron Age -- Stuart McGregor -- 7. Iron Age -- Stuart McGregor -- Iron Age Settlements -- Barcombe -- Beddingham -- Malling Down -- Ranscombe Ridge, Glynde -- Ringmer -- Bishopstone, Rookery Hill and Norton -- Itford Hill -- Kingston -- Peacehaven -- Rodmell -- Wealden Iron -- Iron Age Hill Forts -- Mount Caburn -- Castle Hill, Newhaven -- Seaford Head -- Aerial Survey for Archaeology -- Discussion and future work -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Figure 7.1: Mount Caburn and Ranscombe Ridge from the southeast (photo: Stuart McGregor).

Figure 7.2: Aerial photograph of Mount Caburn with Lewes in the foreground (photo: Stuart McGregor).

This is the first review of the archaeology of this important landscape - from Palaeolithic to medieval times by contributors all routed in the archaeology of Sussex.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.