Sleep in the Military : Promoting Healthy Sleep among U. S. Servicemembers.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Figures -- Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- CHAPTER ONE: Introduction -- Background -- Research Objective -- Methods -- Literature Review -- Primary Data Collection and Sleep Survey Analysis -- Policy Review -- Key Informant Discussions -- Expert Working Group -- Organization of This Report -- CHAPTER TWO: Epidemiology of Sleep Problems in the Military -- Literature Review Approach -- A Conceptual Model of Post-Deployment Sleep Problems -- Prevalence and Types of Specific Sleep Problems in the Post-Deployment Period -- Diagnosed Sleep Disorders -- Symptoms of Sleep Problems -- Risk Factors for Sleep Problems in the Post-Deployment Period -- Stable Demographic Factors -- Operational and Military Support Factors -- Correlates and Consequences of Sleep Problems in the Post-Deployment Period -- Mental Health Problems -- Physical Health Problems -- Operational Readiness -- Discussion -- Unaddressed Gaps in the Literature -- Future Directions for Military Sleep Studies -- CHAPTER THREE: Assessing Sleep Disturbances and Consequences Among Post-Deployed Servicemembers -- Sleep Survey Development and Administration to Servicemembers in the Deployment Life Study -- Deployment Life Study Overview -- Sleep Survey Added to the Deployment Life Study -- Outcomes and Covariates -- Analytic Plan for the Sleep Survey -- Prevalence of Sleep Symptoms and Sleep-Related Behaviors Overall and by Subgroup -- Associations Between Sleep Symptoms and Sleep-Related Behaviors and Outcomes Among Previously Deployed Servicemembers -- Sample Characteristics -- Prevalence of Sleep Problems in Full Sample -- Prevalence of Sleep Problems, by Subgroup -- Associations Between Sleep Measures and Outcomes Among Previously Deployed Servicemembers -- Discussion -- Strengths and Limitations.

CHAPTER FOUR: Review of Sleep Policies and Programs -- Approach -- Sleep-Related Prevention Policies/Programs -- DoD Prevention Policies/Programs -- Service-Specific Prevention Policies/Programs -- Sleep-Related Medical Policies/Programs -- U.S. Department of Defense Medical Policies/Programs -- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Policies/Programs -- Department of the Air Force Medical Policies/Programs -- Department of the Army Medical Policies/Programs -- Department of the Navy/Marine Corps Medical Policies/Programs -- Sleep-Related Policies/Programs in Training Environments -- Department of the Air Force Training Policies/Programs -- Department of the Army Training Policies/Programs -- Department of the Navy/Marine Corps Training Policies/Programs -- Sleep-Related Policies/Programs in Operational Environments -- U.S. Department of Defense Operational Policies/Programs -- Department of the Air Force Operational Policies/Programs -- Department of the Army Operational Policies/Programs -- Department of the Navy/Marine Corps Operational Policies/Programs -- Discussion -- CHAPTER FIVE: Evidence-Based Interventions to Treat Sleep Disturbances Among Servicemembers -- Approach -- Pharmacotherapy to Treat Sleep Disturbances -- Pharmacologic Interventions to Treat Insomnia -- Pharmacologic Interventions to Treat Nightmares -- Summary and Limitations of Pharmacologic Interventions -- Evidence-Based Behavioral Treatments for Sleep Disorders Among Servicemembers -- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia -- Imagery Rehearsal Therapy for Nightmares -- Complementary and Alternative Medicine -- Combined Treatment Modalities -- Technological Developments in Treatment Delivery -- Discussion -- CHAPTER SIX: Barriers to Achieving Healthy Sleep Among Servicemembers -- Approach -- Participants -- Qualitative Data Analysis -- Cultural Barriers to Sleep Health.

Sleep May Be Viewed as a Luxury Rather Than a Biological Need -- Cultural Attitudes Toward Sleep Appear to Vary Across Occupational Specialties and Settings -- Operational Barriers to Sleep Health -- Manpower Limitations -- Balancing Sleep Policies with Operational Demands -- Environmental Barriers -- Knowledge Barriers to Sleep Health -- Lack of Servicemember and Unit Leader Knowledge About Sleep Health -- Lack of a Centralized Resource on Sleep Health -- Lack of Knowledge About the Risks of Sleep Medication Use -- Medical and Treatment Systems Barriers to Promoting Sleep Health -- Resistance to Treatment Seeking -- Lack of Emphasis on Sleep Screening -- Continuity of Care Challenges -- Sleep Clinic and Provider Shortages -- Discussion -- CHAPTER SEVEN: Conclusions and Recommendations -- Conclusions -- What Are the Correlates and Consequences of Sleep Problems Among Servicemembers in the Post-Deployment Period? -- What Are the Current Policies and Programs Related to Sleep in the Military? -- What Are the Evidence-Based Interventions to Treat Sleep Disorders Among Servicemembers? -- What Are the Barriers to Achieving Healthy Sleep for Servicemembers? -- Recommendations -- Recommendations to Prevent Sleep Problems -- Recommendations to Increase the Identification and Diagnosis of Sleep Problems -- Recommendations for Clinical Management of Sleep Disorders and Promotion of Sleep Health -- Recommendations to Improve Sleep in Training and Operational Contexts -- Final Words -- APPENDIXES -- A. Sleep Terminology -- B. Methods and Review of Published Studies on Sleep in the Military. -- C. Methods and Review of Published Studies on Interventions for Sleep Disorders in the Military -- D. Review of Sleep Metrics -- E. Description of Source Measures Included in the Sleep Survey -- F. U.S. Department of Defense Policies Related to Sleep.

G. Key Informant Interview Protocol -- H. Sleep in the Armed Forces Working Group Proceedings -- References.

Given the unprecedented demands on the U.S. military since 2001 and the risks posed by stress and trauma, there has been growing concern about the prevalence and consequences of sleep problems. This first-ever comprehensive review of military sleep-related policies and programs, evidence-based interventions, and barriers to achieving healthy sleep offers a detailed set of actionable recommendations for improving sleep across the force.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.