Introduction to Population Ecology.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the companion website -- Part 1 Single species populations -- Chapter 1 Density independent growth -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Fundamentals of population growth -- 1.3 Types of models -- 1.4 Density independent versus density dependent growth -- 1.5 Discrete or "geometric" growth in populations with non-overlapping generations -- 1.6 Exponential growth in populations with overlapping generations -- 1.7 Examples of exponential growth -- 1.8 Applications to human populations -- 1.9 The finite rate of increase (λ ) and the intrinsic rate of increase (r) -- 1.10 Stochastic models of population growth and population viability analysis -- 1.11 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2 Density dependent growth and intraspecific competition -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Density dependence in populations with discrete generations -- 2.3 Density dependence in populations with overlapping generations -- 2.4 Nonlinear density dependence of birth and death rates and the Allee effect -- 2.5 Time lags and limit cycles -- 2.6 Chaos and behavior of the discrete logistic model -- 2.7 Adding stochasticity to density dependent models -- 2.8 Laboratory and field data -- 2.9 Behavioral aspects of intraspecific competition -- 2.10 Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 Population regulation -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 What is population regulation? -- 3.3 Combining density-dependent and density-independent factors -- 3.4 Tests of density dependence -- 3.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Populations with age structures -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Survivorship -- 4.3 Fertility -- 4.4 Mortality curves -- 4.5 Expectation of life -- 4.6 Net reproductive rate, generation time, and the intrinsic rate of increase -- 4.7 Age structure and the stable age distribution.

4.8 Projecting population growth in age-structured populations -- 4.9 The Leslie or population projection matrix -- 4.10 A second version of the Leslie matrix -- 4.11 The Lefkovitch modification of the Leslie matrix -- 4.12 Dominant latent roots and the characteristic equation -- 4.13 Reproductive value -- 4.14 Conclusions: sensitivity analysis -- References -- Chapter 5 Metapopulation ecology -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metapopulations and spatial ecology -- 5.3 MacArthur and Wilson and the equilibrium theory -- 5.4 The Levins or classical metapopulation -- 5.5 Lande's extension of the Levins model -- 5.6 Extinction in metapopulations -- 5.7 Metapopulation dynamics of two local populations -- 5.8 Source-sink metapopulations and the rescue effect -- 5.9 Nonequilibrium and patchy metapopulations -- 5.10 Spatially realistic models -- 5.11 Assumptions and evidence for the existence of metapopulations in nature -- 5.12 Summary -- References -- Chapter 6 Life history strategies -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Power laws -- 6.3 The metabolic theory of ecology -- 6.4 Cole and Lewontin -- 6.5 The theory of r- and K-selection versus fast and slow life histories -- 6.6 Cost of reproduction and allocation of energy -- 6.7 Clutch size -- 6.8 Latitudinal gradients in clutch size -- 6.9 The effects of predation and disease on life history characteristics -- 6.10 Bet-hedging -- 6.11 The Grime general model for three evolutionary strategies in plants -- 6.12 Summary -- References -- Part 2 Interspecific interactions among populations -- Types of interactions -- Predator-prey, parasite-host, and plant-herbivore interactions -- Terminology -- Chapter 7 Interspecific competition -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Interspecific competition: early experiments and the competitive exclusion principle -- 7.3 The Lotka-Volterra competition equations.

7.4 Laboratory experiments and competition -- 7.5 Resource-based competition theory -- 7.6 Spatial competition and the competition-colonization trade-off -- 7.7 Evidence for competition from nature -- 7.8 Indirect evidence for competition and "natural experiments -- 7.9 Summary -- References -- Chapter 8 Mutualism -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Ant-plant mutualisms -- 8.3 Modeling mutualism -- 8.4 Summary: the costs of mutualism -- References -- Chapter 9 Host-parasite interactions -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Factors affecting microparasite population biology -- 9.3 Modeling host-microparasite interactions -- 9.4 Dynamics of the disease -- 9.5 Immunization -- 9.6 Endangered metapopulations and disease -- 9.7 Social parasites -- 9.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 10 Predator/prey interactions -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Lotka-Volterra equations -- 10.3 Early tests of the Lotka-Volterra models -- 10.4 Functional responses -- 10.5 Adding prey density dependence and the type II and III functional responses to the Lotka-Volterra equations -- 10.6 The graphical analyses of Rosenzweig and MacArthur -- 10.7 Use of a half saturation constant in predator/prey interactions -- 10.8 Parasitoid/host interactions and the Nicholson-Bailey models -- 10.9 Section summary -- 10.10 Field studies -- 10.11 The dangers of a predatory lifestyle -- 10.12 Escape from predation -- 10.13 Summary -- References -- Chapter 11 Plant-herbivore interactions -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Classes of chemical defenses -- 11.3 Constitutive versus Induced Defense -- 11.4 Plant communication -- 11.5 Novel defenses/herbivore responses -- 11.6 Detoxification of plant compounds by herbivores -- 11.7 Plant apparency and chemical defense -- 11.8 Soil fertility and chemical defense -- 11.9 Modeling plant-herbivore population dynamics.

11.10 Summary: the complexities of herbivore-plant interactions -- References -- Chapter 12 Multi-trophic interactions -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Trophic cascades -- 12.3 Trophic cascades and antropogenic change -- 12.4 Intraguild predation -- 12.5 Intraguild predation and prey suppression -- 12.6 Intraguild predation and mesopredator release -- 12.7 Cannibalism -- References -- Appendix 1: Problem sets -- Appendix 2: Matrix algebra: the basics -- A2.1 Matrix operations -- A2.2 The laws of algebra -- Appendix 3: List of mathematical symbols used in this book -- A3.1 Chapter 1 -- A3.2 Chapter 2 -- A3.3 Chapter 3 -- A3.4 Chapter 4 -- A3.5 Chapter 5 -- A3.6 Chapter 6 -- A3.7 Chapter 7 -- A3.8 Chapter 8 -- A3.9 Chapter 9 -- A3.10 Chapter 10 -- A3.11 Chapter 11 -- A3.12 Chapter 12 -- Index -- EULA.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.