Cancer and Its Management.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowedgements -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 The modern management of cancer: an introductory note -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 2 Epidemiology, cure, treatment trials and screening -- Terminology and methods in epidemiology -- Geographical distribution of cancer -- Temporal distribution of cancer -- Causes of cancer suggested by epidemiological studies -- Inhaled carcinogens -- Lifestyle and diet -- Ionizing irradiation -- Occupational factors -- Viral causes -- Cancer statistics -- Survival data and determination of cure in cancer -- Assessment of results: trials of treatment -- Randomized trials -- Informed consent -- Non-randomized studies of treatment -- Screening for cancer -- Secondary prevention of cancer -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 3 Biology of cancer -- Carcinogenesis: persistent genetic damage -- Chemical carcinogens -- Ionizing and ultraviolet irradiation -- Initiators and promoters in carcinogenesis -- Repair of damage to DNA induced by carcinogens -- Inherited defects involving DNA damage or repair processes that predispose to cancer -- Viral causes of cancer -- RNA viruses -- DNA viruses -- Cellular oncogenes -- Tumour-suppressor genetic mechanisms in cancer development -- Cell division -- Inheritance of cancer -- Clonal origin, progression and growth of a cancer -- Monoclonality and heterogeneity in cancer -- The growth of cancer -- Differentiation in cancer -- Invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis -- Tumour immunology -- Immune responses to cancer -- Monoclonal antibodies -- Reference -- Further reading -- Chapter 4 Staging of tumours -- Staging notation -- The primary tumour (T) -- Lymph node involvement (N) -- Presence of metastases (M) -- Staging techniques -- Ultrasound -- Computed tomography -- Magnetic resonance imaging.

Isotope scanning -- Positron emission tomography -- Diagnosis of specific metastatic sites -- Pulmonary metastases -- Bone metastases -- Hepatic metastases -- Brain metastases -- The role of surgery in diagnosis and staging -- Tumour markers -- Human chorionic gonadotrophin -- α-Fetoprotein -- Placental alkaline phosphatase -- Carcinoembryonic antigen -- CA-125 -- CA-19-9 -- Molecular staging of cancer -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 5 Radiotherapy -- Sources and production of ionizing radiation -- Radioactive isotopes -- Artificial production of X-rays and particles -- Biological properties of ionizing radiation -- Tumour sensitivity -- Fractionation and cell death -- Response of biological tissues to radiation -- Normal tissues -- Highly radiosensitive tissues -- Moderately radiosensitive tissues -- Less radiosensitive tissues -- Late sequelae of radiation -- Carcinogenesis -- Teratogenicity -- Mutagenicity -- Technical aspects of radiotherapy -- Radiotherapy planning and treatment techniques -- Treatment prescription -- Maximum, minimum and modal dose -- Open (direct) and wedged fields -- Parallel opposed fields -- Shrinking field technique -- Systemic irradiation -- Immobilization devices -- Conformal and intensity-modulated radiation therapy -- Integration of radiotherapy and chemotherapy -- Proton therapy -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 6 Systemic treatment for cancer -- Chemotherapy -- The cellular targets for anticancer drugs -- The development of an anticancer drug -- Principles of cancer chemotherapy -- The cell cycle -- Resistance to cancer chemotherapy -- Predicting sensitivity to anticancer drugs -- What cancer chemotherapy has achieved -- Classes of cytotoxic drugs, mode of action and toxicity -- Targeted therapy for cancer -- Hypersensitivity reactions -- The administration of cytotoxic agents.

Chemotherapy-induced vomiting -- Long-term complications of cancer chemotherapy -- Principles of hormone therapy -- Steroid hormone receptors -- Hormone receptor assays -- Approaches to hormone therapy -- Cytokines in cancer treatment -- Interferons -- Interleukins -- Monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy -- Gene therapy -- Immunotherapy -- References -- Chapter 7 Supportive care and symptom relief -- Talking about the diagnosis and treatment -- Support, counselling and rehabilitation -- Stoma care -- Breast prostheses -- Laryngectomy rehabilitation -- Limb prostheses -- Other prostheses -- Home support -- National counselling organizations -- Cancer treatment and the quality of life -- Symptom control [3,4] -- Pain -- Anorexia and nausea [10] -- Oral mucositis -- Constipation -- Intestinal obstruction -- Depression and anxiety -- The care of the dying -- Terminal care: home, hospice and support teams -- Cancer quackery -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 8 Medical problems and radiotherapy emergencies -- Bone marrow failure and its consequences -- The management of marrow depression by blood component therapy -- Haemopoietic growth factors [3] -- Clinical use of haemopoietic growth factors -- Infections in the immunocompromised patient -- Bacteraemia and septicaemia -- Respiratory infection -- Urinary tract infections -- Gastrointestinal infections -- Meningitis -- Skin infections -- Prevention of infection in the leucopenic patient -- Cancer cachexia and the nutritional support of the cancer patient -- Pathogenesis of malnutrition in cancer -- Maintaining nutrition -- Acute metabolic disturbances -- Hypercalcaemia -- Tumour lysis syndrome -- Serous effusions -- Pleural effusion [17] -- Pericardial effusion -- Ascites -- Carcinomatous meningitis -- Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy -- Management of hepatic metastases.

Pharmacological -- Radiotherapeutic (and radiofrequency) ablation -- Surgical -- Radiotherapeutic emergencies -- Acute spinal cord or cauda equina compression -- Superior vena caval obstruction -- Other radiotherapy emergencies -- Cancer during pregnancy -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 9 Paraneoplastic syndromes -- Fever due to malignant disease -- Ectopic hormone production in cancer -- Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion -- Ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone production -- Hypoglycaemia -- Gynaecomastia and gonadotrophin production -- Other ectopic hormones -- Haematological syndromes -- Anaemia -- Erythrocytosis -- Thrombotic disorders -- Disseminated intravascular coagulation -- Neurological syndromes -- Encephalomyelitis -- Cerebellar degeneration -- Carcinomatous myelopathy -- Peripheral neuropathy -- Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome -- Muscle and joint syndromes -- Polymyositis and dermatomyositis -- Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy -- Polyarthritis -- Dermatological syndromes -- Acanthosis nigricans -- Hypertrichosis (lanuginosa acquisita) -- Erythroderma -- Vasculitis -- Pyoderma gangrenosum -- Bullous eruptions -- Ichthyosis -- Alopecia -- Generalized pruritus -- Nephrotic syndrome -- References -- Chapter 10 Cancer of the head and neck -- Introduction, aetiology and epidemiology -- Pathology -- Clinical staging -- Distant metastasis -- Investigation -- Carcinoma of the larynx -- Management and prognosis -- Conservative surgery in laryngeal cancer -- Rehabilitation -- Carcinoma of the pharynx -- Anatomy and patterns of metastasis -- Carcinoma of the nasopharynx -- Carcinoma of the oropharynx -- Lymphoma of the pharynx -- Carcinoma of the laryngopharynx (hypopharynx) -- Tumours of the oral cavity -- Management -- Carcinoma of the lip -- Treatment -- Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Tumours of the middle ear -- Carcinoma of the pinna and external auditory canal -- Chemotherapy in squamous carcinomas of the head and neck -- Tumours of salivary glands -- Clinical features and management -- Prognosis -- Tumours of the orbit and eye [59,60] -- Orbit -- Tumours of the eyelid and conjunctiva -- Tumours of the globe -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 11 Brain and spinal cord -- Brain tumours -- Cellular biology of brain tumours -- Pathological classification of brain tumours -- Clinical features -- Management of brain tumours -- Treatment on relapse -- Prognosis of brain tumours -- Secondary deposits in the brain -- Tumours of the spinal cord [65,66] -- Symptoms -- Differential diagnosis -- Investigation -- Management -- Tumours of the peripheral nerves -- Radiation damage in the brain and spinal cord -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 12 Tumours of the lung and mediastinum -- Carcinoma of the bronchus -- Introduction, aetiology and epidemiology -- The molecular pathology of lung cancer -- Pathology of lung cancer -- Patterns of local invasion and metastasis -- Clinical features -- Staging notation -- Investigation and staging -- Treatment -- Prognosis of lung cancer: geographical variation of lung cancer mortality rates -- Tumours of the mediastinum -- Anterosuperior mediastinum -- Middle mediastinum -- Posterior mediastinum -- Mesothelioma -- Pathology -- Clinical features -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Primary tracheal tumours -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 13 Breast cancer -- Incidence, aetiology and epidemiology -- Pathology and mode of spread -- Clinical features -- Confirming the diagnosis -- Preoperative investigation -- Staging notation -- Hormone receptors in breast cancer -- Screening for breast cancer -- Management of the primary tumour in 'early' breast cancer.

Combinations of surgery and radiotherapy [39-41].

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.