Pediatric Neurology.

Intro -- PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY -- NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH PROGRESS -- PEDIATRICS - LABORATORY ANDCLINICAL RESEARCH -- PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER 1. MAXIMUM LENGTH SEQUENCETECHNIQUE IMPROVES DETECTIONOF NEUROPATHOLOGY INVOLVINGINFANT BRAINSTEM -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MLS BAER - A NOVEL APPROACH TO ASSESSINFANT AUDITORY NEUROPHYSIOLOGY -- Limitations of Conventional BAER -- The MLS Technique and Some Advantages -- Recording of MLS BAER -- Preparation, Equipment and Acoustic Stimuli -- Recording -- Waveform and Analysis of MLS BAER Components -- Changes in MLS BAER Components with ClickIntensity and Repetition Rate -- MLS BAER IN NORMAL TERM INFANTS -- Term Neonates -- Postnatal Development -- MLS BAER IN DETECTION OF BRAINSTEMAUDITORY PATHOLOGY IN INFANTS -- Preterm Infants -- Low-risk Preterm Infants -- High-risk Preterm Infants -- Perinatal Hypoxia-ischemia -- Term Infants -- Preterm Infants -- Low Apgar Score -- Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease -- Other Perinatal Problems -- Hyperbilirubinemia -- Intrauterine Growth Retardation -- Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis -- Others -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2. CHILDHOOD EPILEPSY AND COGNITION -- ABSTRACT -- A. INTRODUCTION -- B. NEURONAL PLASTICITY AND MEMORY FORMATION -- C. TYPES OF MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN EPILEPSY(TABLE 1) -- 1) Transient Amnesia or Transient Cognitive Impairment (TCI) -- 2) Accelerated Long-term Forgetting (ALF) -- 3) The Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment Associated with SpecificEpileptic Syndromes as Landau-KleffnerSyndrome (LKS) and ContinuousEpileptic Activity during Sleep (CSWS) -- 4) Mechanisms of Epilepsy Induced Progressive Brain Damage -- D. SELECTIVEVULNERABILITIES OF IMMATUREBRAINSVERSUS MATURE BRAINS -- a) The Difference in Computation of theImmature Brains versus Mature Brains.

b) Selective Vulnerability Period in Immature Brain -- E. ANTIEPILEPTIC MEDICATIONS AND COGNITION -- The Mechanisms of Progressive Cognitive Deficitsdue to Antiepileptic Medications (Table 4) -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. TOWARD BETTER RECOGNITION OFEARLY PREDICTORS FOR AUTISM SPECTRUMDISORDERS (ASDS) -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Clinical Description -- Autism Disorder -- Asperger Syndrome -- Pervasive Development Disorder not otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) -- Epidemiology -- Etiology -- A) Genetics -- B) Environmental Factors -- Drug / Environmental Exposure -- Perinatal Risk -- Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging Studies -- Neuroanatomical Findings in Older Children or Adults with Autism -- Neuroanatomical Findings in Toddlers and Early Childhood -- Head Circumference and Brain Overgrowth -- Probably a Regional Overgrowth -- EARLY SIGNS OF AUTISM:EVIDENCE FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES -- 1) Parents Recollection Reports -- 2) Longitudinal Studies in Families with a Sibling Diagnosed with an ASD -- Evaluation Tools being Used during Longitudinal Studies -- What Are the Early Features of Autism Detected withLongitudinal Prospective Studies ? -- What Are the Limitations of these Early Studies? -- 3) Behavioral Characteristics of NICU ChildrenLater Calissifed as Suffering from ASD -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF ACUTE SEVEREHYPOXIA AND CHRONIC SUBLETHAL HYPOXIA ONTHE NEONATAL BRAINSTEM -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DIFFERENCES IN IMPAIRED BRAINSTEM CONDUCTION BETWEENACUTE SEVERE HYPOXIA AND CHRONIC SUBLETHAL HYPOXIA -- Differences in Brainstem Neural Conduction between CLD and Asphyxia -- Findings in MLS BAER wave Latencies and Intervals -- Impaired Brainstem Neural Conduction and Differences between Asphyxia and CLD -- Differences in Brainstem Synaptic Transmission between CLD and Asphyxia.

Findings in MLS BAER Wave Latency- and Interval-Rate Functions -- Abnormalities in Synaptic Efficacy and Differences between CLD and Asphyxia -- Possible Mechanisms Underlying the Differences in Impaired BrainstemConduction and Synaptic Efficacy between CLD and Asphyxia -- DIFFERENCES IN BRAINSTEM ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY BETWEENACUTE SEVERE HYPOXIA AND CHRONIC SUBLETHAL HYPOXIA -- Differences in MLS BAER Wave Amplitudes between CLD and Asphyxia -- Mechanisms Underlying the Differences in MLS BAERWave Amplitudes between CLD and Asphyxia -- CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCES -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY IN PRETERMINFANTS:AWINDOW ON EARLY PHASESOF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT -- ABSTRACT -- 1. PRETERM BIRTH -- 2. ANATOMY OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT -- Fetal Phase (&lt -- 24 PCW) -- Early Preterm Phase (24 - 32 PCW) -- Late Preterm Phase (33 - 35 PCW) -- The Neonatal Period (36- 44 PCW) -- 3. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF BRAIN DEVELOPMENT -- 3.1. The Electroencephalogram -- 3.1.1. Maturation of the EEG -- Fetal Phase (&lt -- 24 PCW) -- Early Preterm Phase (24 -32 PCW) -- Late Preterm Phase (31 - 40 PCW) -- 3.2. Sensory Evoked Potentials -- 3.2.1. Visual Evoked Potentials and their Maturation -- 3.2.2. Auditory Evoked Potentials and their Maturation -- 3.2.3. Somatosensory Evoked Potentials and their Maturation -- 3.2.4. The Anatomical Substrate of Sensory EPs Ontogenesis -- 3.3. Event-Related Potential (ERPs) -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6. AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIALS INRETT SYNDROME: PERIPHERAL ANDCENTRAL AUDITORY FUNCTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PERIPHERAL AUDITORY FUNCTION -- CENTRAL AUDITORY FUNCTION -- ABR STUDIES -- FFR -- MLR -- LLR -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. PEDIATRIC EPILEPSY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- APPROACH TO THE PEDIATRIC EPILEPSY PATIENT -- A. History -- 1. Age of Onset -- Generalized Epilepsies.

Localization Related Epilepsies -- 2. Childhood Medical History -- 3. Seizure Semiology -- Generalized Epilepsies -- Localization Rrelated Epilepsies -- 4. Seizure Frequency -- 5. Failed Anticonvulsants -- B. Physical Examination -- C. Diagnostic Tests -- a. EEG -- Localization Related Epilepsies -- Generalized Epilepsies -- b. Ambulatory EEG -- c. Long Term Video EEG Monitoring in the Epilepsy Monitoring Unit -- d. Intracranial EEG -- e. Imaging Tests -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- SPECT -- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) -- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- f. Neuropsychological Testing -- Intracarotid Amobarbital Test (WADA Test) -- D. Management of Pediatric Epilepsy -- a. Medical Management -- Acute Management -- Chronic Management -- b. Surgical Management -- Cerebral Stimulation -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8. CEREBROSPINAL FLUID LEVELS OF CYTOKINES ANDCHEMOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH WEST SYNDROME -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9. FOCAL EPILEPSIES AND MULTIPLEINDEPENDENT SPIKE FOCI -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODS -- Patients -- Video-EEG Monitoring -- RESULTS -- Clinical Characteristics of the Patients (Table 1) -- Characteristics of EEG and Seizure Semiology (Table 2) -- DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.