Frontiers in Developmental Biology.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Part I Introduction -- Chapter 1 Developmental Cell Biology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historical Perspective -- 3 Cell Activities Underlying Development -- 4 Cell Differentiation -- 5 The Cell Cycle and Development -- 6 Organogenesis -- 7 Stem Cells -- 8 Cloning -- 9 Chimeras -- 10 MicroRNAs (miRNAs) -- 11 In-Vitro Fertilization/Nuclear Equivalence -- References -- Part II Evolutionary Developmental Biology -- Chapter 2 Biosynthesis and Directed Evolution of Unnatural Peptides and Proteins -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Harnessing the Diversity of RiPPs -- 3 Expanding the Genetic Repertoire with uAAs -- 4 Directed Evolution -- 5 Examples of Diversity Screening in RiPPs -- 6 Examples of Directed Evolution with uAAs -- 7 Therapeutic Potential and Future Perspectives for Industry -- References -- Chapter 3 Modes and Mechanisms of Speciation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Are Species? -- 3 Classifying Barriers to Gene Flow -- 4 Modes of Speciation -- 5 Evolutionary Mechanisms Causing Population Divergence -- 6 Next-Generation DNA Sequencing and the Genetics of Speciation -- 7 Final Thoughts -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4 Molecular Darwinism: Natural Strategies of Spontaneous Genetic Variation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principles of Molecular Evolution -- 3 Genetic Variation in Bacteria -- 4 Local Changes in the DNA Sequences -- 5 Intragenomic DNA Rearrangements -- 6 DNA Acquisition -- 7 The Three Natural Strategies Generating Genetic Variations Contribute Differently to the Evolutionary Process -- 8 Evolution Genes and Their Own Second-Order Selection -- 9 Arguments for a General Relevance of the Theory of Molecular Evolution for all Living Organisms -- 10 Systemic Aspects of Biological and Terrestrial Evolution -- 11 Conceptual Aspects of the Theory of Molecular Evolution -- References.

Chapter 5 Origination, Variation, and Conservation of Animal Body Plan Development -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Metazoan Multicellularity -- 3 Origins of Metazoan Body Plan Motifs -- 4 Vertebrate Limbs: Appendages with Body Plan-Like Properties -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 Paleogenomics -- 1 Reconstructing Paleogenomes -- 2 Case Studies -- 3 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7 Plant Genome Surveillance by Small RNAs and Long Noncoding RNAs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Often-Overlooked Role of vsiRNA Pathway in Genome Surveillance -- 3 Role of miRNA and tasiRNA Pathways in Plant Genome Surveillance -- 4 The hetsiRNA Pathway: The `Heavy Lifter' of Plant Genome Surveillance -- 5 An Emerging Model for the Initiation of TGS -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 8 RNA Protocells -- 1 Introduction -- 2 RNA Protocells on the Prebiotic Earth: Setting the Stage -- 3 Sources of Organic Compounds -- 4 Prebiotic Compartments -- 5 RNA Synthesis -- 6 RNA Protocells in the Laboratory -- 7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 9 Systematics and Evolution -- 1 The Beginning of Molecular Systematics -- 2 The Molecular Assumption -- 3 DNA Hybridization -- 4 Mitochondrial DNA -- 5 DNA Sequences -- 6 Repeated (Retro)Transposons -- 7 "Evo-devo -- 8 Positional Information and Shape -- 9 "Mutation -- 10 Towards a Theory of Evolutionary Change -- 11 Molecules and Systematics: Looking Towards the Future -- References -- Chapter 10 The Minimal Gene-Set Machinery -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Present -- 3 Anti-TB Drug Discovery -- 4 Drugs in Development -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Part III Cell Migration and Morphogenesis -- Chapter 11 Development of the Autonomic Nervous System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Sympathetic Nervous System -- 3 The Parasympathetic Nervous System -- 4 The Enteric Nervous System -- 5 Conclusions.

Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12 Left-Right Asymmetric Morphogenesis in \textit{Drosophila} and other Invertebrates: The Discovery of Intrinsic Cell Chirality and its Functions -- 1 Many Animals Show Directional LR Asymmetry, the Biological Significance of Which is Often Obscure -- 2 Early Studies Showed an Important Role of Cilia in the LR Axis Formation in Vertebrates -- 3 Nodal Flow Induced by Ciliary Motion Determines the LR Axis Formation in Vertebrates -- 4 Beyond the Nodal Cilia Model: the Mechanisms Underlying LR Asymmetric Development in Invertebrates are Different from Those in Vertebrates -- 5 LR Asymmetric Development of Various Organs in \textit{Drosophila} \textit{melanogaster} -- 6 Handedness in \textit{Drosophila} is Not Predetermined Maternally, but Established during Embryogenesis -- 7 Genome-Wide Screening Identified Two Distinct Sets of Genes Required for LR-Asymmetric Development of the Anterior and Posterior Parts of the \textit{Drosophila} Embryonic Gut, Respectively -- 8 Genetic Pathways Required for LR Asymmetric Development of the Anterior Part of the Embryonic Gut in \textit{Drosophila} -- 9 Genetic Pathways Required for LR Asymmetric Development of the Posterior Part of the Embryonic Gut in \textit{Drosophila} -- 10 The Genetic Pathways Controlling the LR Asymmetric Development in Invertebrates may be Different from those of Vertebrates -- 11 Myo31DF Reverses the LR Asymmetry of Various Organs in \textit{Drosophila} -- 12 Factors That Interact with Myo31DF in LR-Asymmetric Development -- 13 Cell Chirality Drives \textit{Drosophila} LR-Asymmetric Morphogenesis -- 14 Cell Chirality Forms Cell-Intrinsically and is Switched to a Mirror Image by Myo31DF -- 15 Cell Chirality is a Common Mechanism for Inducing LR-Asymmetric Morphogenesis in \textit{Drosophila} -- 16 Cell Chirality may be Evolutionarily Conserved.

17 Cell Chirality versus the LR Axis -- References -- Chapter 13 Molecular Morphogenesis: Gene Expression Patterns in Animals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basis of Metazoan Pattern Formation -- 3 Skeleton -- 4 Axis-Pattern Formation -- 5 Origin of Metazoan Pattern Formation -- 6 General Principles of Metazoan Pattern Formation -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part IV Gametogenesis, Fertilization and Early Embryogenesis -- Chapter 14 Deciphering the Epigenetic Code of Embryonic Neurogenesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Epigenetic Layers Regulating Gene Expression during Neurogenesis -- 3 Future Prospects -- Table of Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 15 Embryonic Patterning of the Vertebrate Skin -- 1 Introduction on Natural Patterns -- 2 Patterning of the Vertebrate Skin -- 3 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 16 Nuclear Transfer for Cloning Animals -- 1 Introduction and Brief Historical Overview -- 2 Key Elements and Critical Aspects of NT Technology -- 3 Applications of NT in Different Species -- 4 Future Perspectives of NT -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 17 Regulation in the Early \textit{Drosophila} Embryo -- 1 The Basics of Embryogenesis -- 2 A-P Patterning: Segmentation and Segment Identity -- 3 D-V Patterning: Specification of Mesoderm, Neuroectoderm, and Ectoderm -- 4 Formation of a Maternal Gradient: Sizing Up the Embryo -- 5 Zygotic Genome Activation: Coordination of Gene Expression in Space and Time -- 6 Gene Regulatory Networks: Guiding the Trajectories of Cell Fate Determination -- 7 \textit{cis}-Regulatory Modules: Integration of Transcriptional Inputs during Pattern Formation -- 8 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part V Organogenesis -- Chapter 18 Growing Mini-Organs from Stem Cells -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Spatiotemporal Control of Mini-Organ Structure and Differentiation.

3 Organoid Technology -- 4 Missing Cues in Current Organoid Technology -- 5 Organ Bud Technology -- 6 The Future of Mini-Organ Technologies -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index -- EULA.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.