Usage-Based Approaches to Language Change.

Usage-Based Approaches to Language Change -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of content -- Introduction -- 1. Original context of the notion 'usage-based' -- 2. The interplay between usage and grammar -- 3. From a cognition-centred to a communication-centred usage-based perspective -- 4. Usage, variation, and change -- 5. Overview of the contributions -- References -- Part 1. Challenging mainstream modelsof language change -- Does innovation need reanalysis? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Reanalysis -- 3. Problems -- 3.1 Abruptness -- 3.2 Ambiguity -- 4. Innovation -- 4.1 Innovation through analogy -- 4.2 Innovation through other mechanisms -- 4.3 Structural indeterminacy -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- On cognition and communication in usage-based models of language change -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Usage events, linguistic structure and the 'ontology of observing' -- 3. Models of communication -- 4. The primacy of meaning -- 5. The linguistic sign -- 6. Entrenchment, system history and the role of frequency -- 7. Dynamic stability: feedback, attractors and Eigenwerte -- 8. Innovation theory and actuation/actualisation -- 9. Variation and Diffusion -- Conclusion and outlook -- References -- Part 2. The role of usage in semantic change -- From inferential to mirative -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Background on Yurakaré -- 1.2 Structure of the paper -- 2. A usage- and interaction-based approach to semantic change -- 3. Data and method -- 4. Evidentiality and mirativity -- 5. The Yurakaré inferential evidential =tiba -- 5.1 Evidentiality in Yurakaré -- 5.2 The inferential reading -- 5.3 Use in confirmation requests -- 5.4 Confirmation requests with a small inferential step -- 5.5 Use in reconfirmation requests -- 5.6 Use in mirative responses -- 6. Discussion -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Abbreviations.

Conversational transcript -- Glosses -- The motivation for using English suspended dangling participles -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Semantics of the dangling participial construction in English -- 3. Subjective and intersubjective meanings of some suspended dangling participles: The rise of new constructional meanings -- 3.1 Considering -- 3.1.1 Characteristics of the main clause -- 3.1.2 Omitted Object of Considering -- 3.2 Moving on: Guiding the hearer's attention -- 3.3 The Intersubjectivity of the suspended dangling participial construction: A case of constructionalization -- 3.4 The subjectivity-intersubjectivity continuum -- 3.5 Degree of intersubjectivity -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The nature of speaker creativity in linguistic innovation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Terminological problems -- 3. Speaker creativity in linguistic innovation -- 4. The relationship between speaker creativity and its linguistic instantiations -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Part 3. The role of usage and structurein language change -- Reanalysis and gramma(ticaliza)tion of constructions -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Basic assumptions, hypotheses and research questions -- 1.1.1 Basic assumptions -- 1.1.2. Hypotheses -- 1.1.3. Research questions -- 1.2. Corpus -- 1.3. Outline of the paper -- 2. Reanalysis A &gt -- B (1): From subordinate to deictic relative construction -- 2.1. Characteristics of the deictic relative construction -- 2.2. The origin of the deictic relative construction -- 3. Reanalysis A &gt -- B (2), the aspectual progressive feature and the actualization of the deictic relative -- 3.1. The progressive nature of the deictic relative -- 3.2. The actualization process with 'voir' -- 3.2.1. Middle French -- 3.2.2. Classical and Modern French -- 3.3. Summary -- 4. Reanalysis A &gt -- (B &gt -- ) C: Voici and voilà.

4.1 Origin of voici and voilà -- 4.2. Characteristics of voici and voilà + the deictic relative construction -- 4.3. The actualization process -- 4.4. Summary -- 4.5 Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Sources for empirical data -- Constructional change, paradigmatic structure and the orientation of usage processes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The descriptive issue: Danish IO constructions -- 2.1 A preliminary characterisation of the change of the IO in Danish -- 2.2 Research questions -- 3. Semantic roles and the IO-construction: The content description of constructions -- 4. Syntagms and paradigms -- 5. Reflexive free indirect objects -- 6. The paradigm of the 18th century IO -- 6.1 The paradigmatic organisation of the 18th century IO -- 6.2 Finnish and Danish IOs compared -- 6.3 The role of markedness -- 6.4 Comparing 18th century Danish to the modern language -- 6.5 Invariance and prototypicality -- 7. The verbs skaffe and købe: Some details of 19th and 20th century usage -- 7.1 Skaffe -- 7.2 Købe -- 8. Lexical recategorisations -- 7.1 Change of valency as a consequence of constructional change -- 7.2 Orienting lexical change on the background of the structure of constructions -- 9. Conclusion -- Sources -- References -- Filling empty distinctions of expression with content -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Usage and structure -- 1.2 Grammaticalization -- 1.3 Reanalysis -- 1.4 Empty distinctions -- 2. Case study 1: Old High German umlaut -- 3. Case study 2: Polish masculine nominative plural -- 3.1 Data -- 3.2 Interpretation -- 4. Case study 3: quantification in Russian -- 5. Conclusion -- Sources -- References -- Author index -- Subject index.

This article opens with a brief discussion of the fundamental issues of usage, structure, grammaticalization and reanalysis and then introduces the key concept of an empty distinction, which is defined as a conventionalized distinction of expression that has lost its former motivation (semantic or non-semantic, in particular phonological) as the result of a change. Three change scenarios involving a stage with an empty distinction are considered. The first case study is concerned with the reinterpretation of Old High German umlauted vs. non-umlauted vowel as a marker of number, thus exemplifying an empty distinction originating in a change of the sound system. The second case study considers the complicated development of the inflectional morphemes for the nominative plural of Polish masculine nouns, and it is shown that this change scenario involves a stage with an empty distinction originating in a degrammation. Finally, the third case study discusses the alternation between the accusative and the genitive in the A2 (argument 2) slot in the history of Russian and suggests an analysis involving an empty distinction resulting from domain narrowing of another distinction. In the conclusion the results of the analyses are interpreted in terms of a speakers' strategy.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.