Ecological Migration, Development and Transformation : A Study of Migration and Poverty Reduction in Ningxia.

Intro -- Committee Members -- Foreword -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction: Poverty Reduction, Ecological Migration and Sustainable Development -- 1.1 Poor Natural Conditions Cause Historically Vicious Cycle of Poverty and Ecological Degradation -- 1.2 Ecological Migration Effectively Promotes Poverty Reduction and Ecological Protection -- 1.3 Problems Confronting Ecological Migrants -- 1.4 Coordinating the Development of Cities and Rural Regions and Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects -- 2 The History and Present Condition of Ecological Migration in Ningxia -- 2.1 The Journey of Ecological Migration and Development -- 2.1.1 The Goal and Type of Diaozhuang Style of Migration -- 2.1.2 The Goal and Phases of Ecological Migration -- 2.2 The Accomplishments in the Implementation of Ecological Migration -- 2.2.1 Relatively Higher Degree of Satisfaction for Migrants -- 2.2.2 The Living Standard of the Migrants Has Generally Improved -- 2.2.3 Great Ecological Improvements -- 2.2.4 The Migrants' Attitude Changes Significantly -- 2.2.5 More Harmonious Relationship Between Ethnic Groups -- 2.2.6 Migrants' Avenues Toward Increasing Their Standard of Living Are Greatly Expanded -- 2.2.7 Assistance to the Disabled and Rapid Development of the Charitable Cause -- 2.3 The Problems Existing in the Development of Ecological Migration -- 2.3.1 Part of the Migration Plan Is Out of Joint with the Migrants' Practical Needs -- 2.3.2 The Settlers Are Slow in Earning Income, Which Affects Their Pace in Eliminating Poverty -- 2.3.3 A Big Gap Exists Between the Training of Settlers and Actual Needs -- 2.3.4 There Is a Lack of Funding for Construction the Settlement Zones -- 2.3.5 Labor Migration Is a Slow Progress -- 3 The Economic and Social Lives of the Ecological Migrants in Ningxia -- 3.1 The Economic Condition of the Ecological Migrants.

3.1.1 Balance of Payments Surplus -- 3.1.2 Income Status -- 3.1.3 Expenditure -- 3.1.4 Retention of Consumer Durable Goods -- 3.2 The Living Condition of the Ecological Migrants -- 3.2.1 Natural ConditionLocation -- 3.2.2 TransportationWater ResourceEnergy for Daily Life -- 3.2.3 Housing Conditions -- 3.2.4 Community Service Facility and the Degree of Life Convenience -- 3.2.5 Leisure Activities -- 3.3 The Social Status of the Ecological Migrants -- 3.3.1 Household Registration Status -- 3.3.2 Educational Levels -- 3.3.3 Family Size and Ethnic Component -- 3.3.4 Occupational Status and Volition to Work Outside Home -- 3.4 Summary and Discussion -- 4 The Social Relation of the Ecological Migrants in Ningxia and Their Social Evaluation -- 4.1 The Interpersonal Relationship and Social Involvement of the Ecological Migrants -- 4.1.1 Social Relations -- 4.1.2 Social Involvement -- 4.1.3 Means of Communication and the Sources of Information -- 4.2 The Ethnic Relationship and Religious Beliefs of the Ecological Migrants -- 4.2.1 Ethnic Relationship -- 4.2.2 Religious Belief -- 4.3 The Social Evaluation of the Ecological Migrants -- 4.3.1 Self-assessment of Social and Economic Status and the Level of Life Satisfaction -- 4.3.2 Social Trust -- 4.3.3 Assessment of the Place of ResidenceCommunity Environment -- 4.3.4 Assessment of the Migration Program -- 4.4 Summary and Discussions -- 5 Social Management Problems Facing the Ningxia Ecological Migration Zones and Their Solutions -- 5.1 Prominent Problems Relating to Social Management in the Ecological Migration Zone -- 5.1.1 Fierce Competition for Water and Land Resources -- 5.1.2 Chaos in Household Administration -- 5.1.3 A Series of Social Problems Are Caused by Self-Initiated Migrants -- 5.1.4 Weakened Management in the Administrative Organs at the Basal Level of Government.

5.1.5 The Migrants' Weak Ability for Self-Management -- 5.1.6 Other Social Management Problems -- 5.2 The Response and Suggestions for Social Management in the Ecological Migration Zone -- 5.2.1 Implement the Policy Regarding Household Registration for Self-Initiated Migrants and Eradicate the Root Problem of Self-Initiated Migration -- 5.2.2 Strengthen Law Enforcement on Land Management and Improve the Service of Land Transfer -- 5.2.3 Promote Efficient Use of Water and Land Resources in the Destination Region -- 5.2.4 Cultivate Diversified Modes of Management and Strengthen the Autonomous Capacity of the Settlers -- 5.2.5 Improve Incentive Mechanism and Changing Beliefs About Children and Family -- 5.2.6 Collect Data and Regulate the Administration of the Religious Sites -- 5.2.7 Establish Inter-Departmental Support Mechanism and Strengthen Construction of the Grassroots Managerial Organization -- 5.2.8 Cultivate the Capacity of the Managers and Build a Professional Team of Management -- 5.2.9 Conduct Psychological Intervention and Counseling, and Maintain Social Harmony and Stability -- 5.2.10 Establish and Perfect the Mechanism of Early Prevention and Removal of Conflicts -- 5.2.11 Pay Attention to the Livelihood at the Grassroots and Construct Efficient Social Management -- 6 Ningxia Ecological Migration and the Sustainable Development of Resources -- 6.1 Ecological Migration Project and Present Ecological Condition -- 6.1.1 Ecological Awareness Becomes a Common Understanding of the People -- 6.1.2 There Is Some Improvement in Ecological Conditions, but Ecological Problems Still Loom Large -- 6.2 The Management of Land Resources and the Ecological Migration Project -- 6.3 The Management of Water Resources and the Ecological Migration Project -- 7 Intra-county Migration in Ningxia-A Case Study of Pengyang County and Xiji County.

7.1 A Survey of the Migration from the Mountainous Region in the South and Intra-county Migration -- 7.2 Intra-county Ecological Migration Promotes the Building of New Rural Areas and the Development of Small Towns -- 7.2.1 Motivation for Migration -- 7.2.2 The Way of Life that Entails "Leaving the Village, but not Leaving the Land" and the Practice of Moonlighting for Farmers -- 7.2.3 Industrial Agglomeration and Absorption of Labor Force -- 7.2.4 Wealthy Elites and Multiple Sources of Income -- 7.3 Industrialization of the Mountainous Region in the South of Ningxia and the Intra-county Labor Migration -- 7.3.1 The Road to Industrialization Under the Constraint of Water Resource -- 7.3.2 "Fortune in the East Is Earned in the West": Western Industrial Development and Transfer of Eastern Industries -- 7.3.3 The Tension Between Absorption of Labor and Labor Issue in the Development of Industry -- 8 Inter-county Migration in Ningxia: A Case Study of Heshun New Village and Binhe Home -- 8.1 An Ecological Migrant Village as a Base for Vegetable and Fruits -- 8.1.1 Transformation of Livelihood and Market Risk -- 8.1.2 Loss and Gain of the Migration -- 8.1.3 Organization of Industry and Development of Community in Ecological Migration Village -- 8.2 Ecological Migrant Village as a Concentrated Area for Unskilled Laborers -- 8.2.1 Formation of "Agglomeration of Laborers": An Analysis of the Industrial Model in an Ecological Migration Village in Binhe Home -- 8.2.2 The Effects of Labor Agglomeration and the Livelihood Strategy of New Settlers -- 8.2.3 Prominent Problems in the Management of Community in the Resettlement Village and Their Solution -- 8.3 Inter-county Migrants' Livelihood Transformation and Community Development -- 9 The Policy Needs of Ecological Migrants in Ningxia and Assessment of Satisfaction Levels.

9.1 Ecological Migration and the Policy of Ecological Migration -- 9.1.1 Voluntary Migration Organized by the Government Is the Main Form of Ecological Migration -- 9.1.2 There Is an Extremely Low Rate of the Settlers Migrating Back. The Migration Project Becomes a Platform for the People to Seek a Better Life -- 9.1.3 The People Have a Rather High Evaluation of the Practical Effects of the Migration Project -- 9.2 An Evaluation of the Satisfaction Level of Ecological Migrants -- 9.2.1 The Settlers Hold that Their Current Life Is Happier Than Before -- 9.2.2 The Settlers Have a Higher Level of Satisfaction with Housing Conditions -- 9.2.3 The Settlers Have a High Level of Satisfaction with Production Environment -- 9.2.4 The Settlers Have a Very High Level of Satisfaction with the Current Living Environment -- 9.3 The Policy Needs of the Ecological Migrants -- 9.3.1 The Expectation of the Migration Policy for the Potential Migrants Is Generally that Living Is Given Priority Over Production -- 9.3.2 In Terms of Housing, the Resettlement Policy to a Great Extent Has Met the Needs of the Residents -- 9.3.3 In Terms of Social Security Policy, the People Are Provided with Health Insurance with Basically Full Coverage and the Social Welfare Conditions Have Improved -- 9.3.4 In Terms of the Policy Related to the Migrants' Production, Funds and Technical Skills Are the Main Focuses -- 9.3.5 In Terms of Household Administration, the People Generally Hope that It Should Be Administered by the Government of the Destination Region -- 9.3.6 In Terms of Culture and Education, Enhancing the Qualification of the Teachers Is the Focus of Attention -- 9.3.7 In Terms of Ecological Construction, the People Hope that the Government Will Integrate Ecological Protection with the Development of the Economy with Local Characteristics.

9.3.8 In Terms of Poverty Reduction Policy, Medical Assistance and the Housing Repair Become the Focus of Attention.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.