Homelessness, Poverty and Unemployment.

Intro -- HOMELESSNESS, POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- HOMELESSNESS, POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- HOMELESSNESS, POVERTY, AND UNEMPLOYMENT: AN OVERVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL MODEL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- INTERSECTION BETWEEN HOMELESSNESS, POVERY, AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- HOMELESS FAMILIES, POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- HOMELESS YOUTH, POVERTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF SOCIAL ESTRANGEMENT -- Disaffiliation -- Human Capital -- Identification with Homeless Culture -- Psychological Dysfunction -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPLYING SOCIAL CAPITAL THEORY TO INTERVENTIONS WITH HOMELESS YOUTH -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THEORY OF SOCIAL CAPITAL -- Measurement of Social Capital -- Social Capital and Homelessness -- Social Capital and Education -- Outreach to Connect Homeless Youth to Social Capital -- SOCIAL CAPITAL AND HOMELESS YOUTH -- SOCIAL CAPITAL AND INTERVENTIONS -- Proposed Intervention Using Social Capital among Homeless Youth -- LOGIC MODEL OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND HOMELESS YOUTH INTERVENTIONS -- Intervention Strategies and Activities -- Intervention Implementation and Success - Factors To Consider -- Homeless Youth Community Needs and Assets -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- HOMELESS YOUNG ADULTS AND EMPLOYMENT: ISSUES AND INTERVENTIONS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- FACTORS INFLUENCING EMPLOYMENT AMONG HOMELESS YOUNG ADULTS -- Duration of Homelessness -- Transience -- Educational Attainment -- Criminal Activity -- Substance Use and Abuse -- Mental Health and Victimization -- Traditional Services to Homeless Youths and Young Adults -- EMPLOYMENT MODELS FOR ADULTS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS -- Supported Employment -- Social Enterprise Interventions -- Similarities between Model Approaches -- ADAPTING AN EVIDENCE-BASED, SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT MODEL FOR HOMELESS YOUNG ADULTS.

DEVELOPING AN EVIDENCE-INFORMED EMPLOYMENT INTERVENTION FOR HOMELESS YOUNG ADULTS -- Social Enterprise Intervention with Homeless Young Adults -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PERSPECTIVES ON HOUSING AMONG HOMELESS YOUTH -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND LITERATURE -- CAUSES OF HOMELESSNESS -- DIFFICULTIES OF HOMELESSNESS -- HOUSING SERVICES -- Treatment First Model -- Housing First Model -- Analysis of Services -- Perspectives from Youth Concerning Services -- Purpose of the Study -- METHODS -- Design -- Sample and Procedures -- Measurement -- QUALITATIVE INTERVIEW QUESTIONS -- Study Results -- RESULTS -- Sample Demographics -- Background Histories of Homeless Young Adults -- CASE STUDIES -- 18 Year-Old Male -- 25 Year-Old Male -- 18 Year-Old Female -- 25 Year-Old Male -- YOUNG ADULTS' PERCEPTIONS OF HOMELESSNESS -- Positive Perceptions of Homelessness -- Negative Perceptions of Homelessness -- Perceptions and Experience with Housing Services -- Emergency Shelter -- Transitional Housing -- Long-Term Housing -- Rent Assistance -- BARRIERS TO RECEIVING HOUSING SERVICES -- Wait Time to Receive Services -- Curfews and Other Rules -- Staff Attitudes -- Restrictions on Substance Use -- Requirements for Attending Religious Services -- Issues Associated with "Red Tape" -- Motives, Honesty, and Fairness -- PREFERENCES FOR SERVICES AMONG HOMELESS YOUNG ADULTS -- Employment/Work Programs -- Education and Counseling Services -- Individuality in Services and Perceptions -- Rules Associated with Services -- HOUSING NEEDS AND DESIRES -- Friendly and Respectful Staff -- Practical Needs Identified -- Need for Space -- PERCEPTIONS OF IDEAL HOUSING SERVICE -- Notable Quotes Concerning Housing -- DISCUSSION -- Characteristics and Service Use among Young Adult Homeless -- Perspectives on Housing -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES.

SAFETY AND SURVIVAL SKILLS OF HOMELESS, STREET-INVOLVED YOUNG ADULTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND ON HOMELESS YOUTH IN THE UNITED STATES -- Pathways to Homelessness -- Survival Skills and Safety Strategies of Homeless Youth -- Survival Skills -- Strategies for Keeping Safe on the Streets -- METHOD -- Setting -- Sample -- Procedures and Data Collection -- Data Analysis -- QUANTITATIVE SURVEY RESULTS -- Sample Characteristics -- Survival Skills -- Safety Strategies -- QUALITATIVE INTERVIEW RESULTS -- Peer Associations/Being with People You Trust -- Staying Safe While Using Drugs -- Having a Pet -- DISCUSSION -- Implications for Practice -- Limitations -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- EVIDENCE-BASED SCHOOL INTERVENTIONS TO PREVENT HOMELESSNESS AMONG YOUTH: PATHWAYS TO EMPLOYMENT AND POLICY REFORM -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SOCIAL CAPITAL AND HOMELESSNESS -- Education as a Form of Social Capital for Homeless Youth -- EVIDENCE-BASED SCHOOL PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS -- Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools -- Families and Schools Together -- The Good Behavior Game -- Life Skills Training -- Project Towards No Drug Abuse -- SCHOOL-BASED INTERVENTION IMPLICATIONS -- Employment -- Educational Policy Reform -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- SPEAKING UP AND SPEAKING OUT: YOUTHS' PERSPECTIVES ON HOMELESSNESS AND THE TRANSITION TO ADULTHOOD -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Current Services and Programs -- ENCOURAGING YOUTH VOICES -- Description of the Project -- Description of the Interview Sample -- Age -- Gender -- Race/Ethnicity -- Experience with Homelessness -- Experience with Foster Care -- Milestones to Adulthood -- Housing Situations -- Employment Status -- Educational Attainment -- Bank Accounts -- Public Assistance Benefits -- Perspectives of the Youth in Their Own Words -- Challenges -- Controlling Anger.

Anxiety/Nervousness -- Depression -- Difficulty Sleeping and Disturbing Thoughts -- Loneliness -- Past Abuse/Victimization -- Relationship Conflicts -- Challenges Unique to Foster Care -- Coping Strategies -- Perception of Themselves -- Maturity -- Strengths and Successes -- Self-Improvement Activities -- YOUTH IDENTIFIED POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- RISK FACTORS FOR SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY IN HOMELESS PERSONS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED HOMELESS - RISK FACTORS -- Trauma and Victimization -- Substance Use and Abuse -- Sex Work -- STIs and HIV/AIDS -- Level of Disability and Age -- Research Questions -- METHOD -- Sample -- Agency Context -- PROCEDURES -- Measures -- Dependent Variable -- Independent Variables -- Demographic Variables -- Data Analysis -- RESULTS -- Prevalence -- Bivariate Relationships -- Logistic Regression -- DISCUSSION -- Relationships between Traumatic Life Events, Hard Substance Use, Sex Work and STIs -- Service Use -- Limitations -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- HOMELESSNESS, POVERTY, AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE GHANAIAN CASE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- HOMELESSNESS AND STREETISM: THE MANY PHASES OF A PROBLEM -- Prevalence of Streetism -- Street Children -- Hawkers -- Porters -- UNEMPLOYMENT, UNDEREMPLOYMENT, AND POVERTY AS PREDICTORS OF STREETISM -- EFFECTS OF STREETISM AND HOMELESSNESS -- POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- HOMELESSNESS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF NATURAL DISASTERS: THE CASE OF THE 2010 HAITI EARTHQUAKE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- NATURAL DISASTERS -- THE 2010 HAITI EARTHQUAKE -- The Earthquake -- The Consequences -- VULNERABILITY OF HOMELESSNESS -- Shelter and Non-Food Items -- Effective Camp Management -- Effective Public Health Programs.

Nutrition and Provision of Food -- Nutrition -- Provision of Food -- Basic Educational Materials -- Community Violence -- Gender-Based Violence -- Community Violence Reduction -- Communication -- Protection and Security -- Protection -- Child Protection -- Security -- Contingency Planning -- Water Sanitation and Hygiene -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- EMPLOYERS' HIRING AND DISMISSING OF OLDER WORKERS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EXISTING RESEARCH FINDINGS ABOUT DETERMINANTS OF OLDER WORKERS' EMPLOYMENT -- HYPOTHESES -- Hypothesis 1: An Employer of Trading or Personal Service Jobs is More Likely Than is Another Employer to Desire Hiring Younger Workers First and Also Dismissing Older Workers First -- Hypothesis 2: An Employer Who is the Proprietor of the Organization is More Likely Than is Another Type of Employer to Desire Hiring Younger Workers First and Dismissing Older Workers First -- Hypothesis 3: An Employer of a Small Organization is More Likely Than is Other Employers to Desire Hiring Younger Workers First and Dismissing Older Workers First -- Hypothesis 4: An Employer Who Has Hired a Larger Proportion of Older Workers is Less Likely to Desire Hiring Younger Workers First and Dismissing Older Workers First -- Hypothesis 5: An Employer Who Finds That Older Workers Have Taken Leave More Than Have Younger Workers is More Likely Than is Another to Desire Hiring Younger Workers First and Dismissing Older Workers First -- METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- Further Research -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.

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