Involvement and Attitude in Japanese Discourse : Interactive markers.

Intro -- Involvement and Attitude in Japanese Discourse -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations used in the interlinear gloss -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Focus and aims -- 1.2 Discourse Markers and 'interactive markers' -- 1.3 Scope of the study -- 1.4 Methodology -- 1.5 Data and presentation -- 1.6 Organisation of the study -- 2. Approaches to interactive markers -- 2.1 Syntactical approach -- 2.2 Cognitive approach -- 2.2.1 Information-state-based account -- 2.2.2 Discourse-management-based account -- 2.2.3 Dialogue-coordination-based account -- 2.3 Illocutionary force -- 2.3.1 Insistence-compliance-based account -- 2.3.2 Authority-based account -- 2.4 Interactional approach -- 2.5 Social approach -- 2.5.1 Indexicality-based account -- 2.5.2 Politeness-based account -- 2.6 Summary -- 3, Involvement, formality and gender in language use -- 3.1 Involvement -- 3.2 Formality -- 3.3 Gender -- 3.4 Summary -- 4. Involvement and the speaker's attitudes -- 4.1 Involvement and the speaker's attitudes -- 4.2 Incorporative attitude and monopolistic attitude -- 4.3 Incorporative {ne, na} vs. monopolistic {yo, sa, wa, zo, ze} -- 4.4 Summary -- 5. Incorporate markers ne and na -- 5.1 Ne -- 5.1.1 Previous studies on ne -- 5.1.2 The function of ne: Aligning with the hearer -- 5.1.2.1 The crucial use of ne -- 5.1.2.2 The optional use of ne -- 5.1.2.3 The non-sentence-final use of ne -- 5.2 Na -- 5.2.1 Previous studies on na -- 5.2.2 The function of na: Aligning with the hearer -- 5.2.2.1 The crucial use of na -- 5.2.2.2 The optional use of na -- 5.2.2.3 The non-sentence-final use of na -- 5.3 The impossible use of ne and na -- 5.4 The common expressive effects of ne and na and their use in social contexts -- 5.4.1 Softening vs. strengthening -- 5.4.2 More frequent use in casual conversation.

5.5 The difference between ne and na -- 5.5.1 Special property of na: Camaraderie -- 5.5.2 Plain form da/ru and na -- 5.5.3 Polite form desu/masu and na -- 5.5.4 Gender and na -- 5.6 Summary -- 6. Monopolistic markers yo and sa -- 6.1 Yo -- 6.1.1 Previous studies on yo -- 6.1.2 The function of yo: Ensuring the hearer's understanding -- 6.1.3 The expressive effects of yo and its use in social contexts -- 6.2 Sa -- 6.2.1 Relevant facts -- 6.2.2 Previous studies on sa -- 6.2.3 The function of sa: Presenting the utterance as a matter of course for the speaker -- 6.2.4 The expressive effects of sa and its use in social contexts -- 6.3 Summary -- 7. Monopolistic markers wa, zo and ze -- 7.1 Modal expression daroo/deshoo 'suppose' -- 7.2 Wa -- 7.2.1 Relevant facts -- 7.2.2 Previous studies on wa -- 7.2.3 The function of wa: Delivering the utterance in a firm manner -- 7.2.4 The expressive effects of wa and its use in social contexts -- 7.3 Zo -- 7.3.1 Relevant facts -- 7.3.2 Previous studies on zo -- 7.3.3 The function of zo: Urging the hearer's understanding of an implied message -- 7.3.4 The expressive effects of zo and its use in social context -- 7.4 Ze -- 7.4.1 Relevant facts -- 7.4.2 Previous studies on ze -- 7.4.3 The function of ze: Enhancing the hearer's understanding of the speaker's belief in sharing -- 7.4.4 The expressive effects of ze and its use in social contexts -- 7.5 Summary -- 8. Conclusion -- 8.1 Function of each marker -- 8.2 Implications -- 8.2.1 Involvement in spoken discourse -- 8.2.2 Interface between language and culture -- 8.2.3 Sociocultural understanding in the second/foreign language education -- 8.2.4 Japanese and the expressions of formality and gender -- 8.3 Concluding remarks -- References -- Data sources -- Author index -- Subject index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.