Biolaw and International Criminal Law : Towards Interdisciplinary Synergies.

Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction: The Emergence of International Criminal Biolaw: The Vehicle and Web of Interdisciplinary Norm-Synergies -- Editors' Acknowledgements -- Acknowledgements -- Part 1 Biolaw Crimes as Crimes against Humanity? Substantive Aspects -- Chapter 1 Human Experimentation at the Intersections of Biolaw and International Criminal Law: The Case of Unethical Clinical Trials in Developing Countries -- 1 The Business of Clinical Research in the Global South: Profit versus Ethics -- 2 The Nuremberg Legacy: International Ethical Standards for Human Experimentation -- 3 Ethical Issues Concerning Clinical Research in Developing Countries -- 4 Accountability of States and non-State Actors for Unethical Clinical Research Involving Human Rights Violations -- 4.1 Accountability of Pharmaceutical Corporations -- 4.2 The Responsibility of Sponsoring and Host States -- 5 Unlawful Human Experimentation in International Criminal Law -- 5.1 Unlawful Human Experimentation as War Crime -- 5.2 Unlawful Human Experimentation as Crime against Humanity -- 6 Seventy Years Later: Unethical Clinical Research and International Criminal Law -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 2 Are Non-Consensual Medical Interventions and Therapies to Change Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity a Crime against Humanity of Persecution against the lgbtiq Population under the icc Statute? -- 1 Non-Consensual Medical Interventions and Therapies to Change the Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity of lgbtiq Population are not an Issue of the Past -- 2 Gender as a Ground for Persecution under Paragraphs (1) (h) and (3) of Article 7 of the icc Statute -- 3 Other Grounds that are Universally Recognized as Impermissible under International Law -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements.

Chapter 3 The Case for Decoupling Unlawful Experiments from the Armed Conflict Nexus -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The link between Unlawful Medical Experiments and Armed Conflict in the Rome Statute -- 3 The Lack of Necessity and Indeed Undesirability of Linking Unlawful Medical Experiments to Armed Conflict -- 4 Conclusion -- Chapter 4 crispr/Cas9 technology: Ending Disease, Designer Babies, Eternal Youth, and 'Crimes Against the Species' -- 1 What is the crispr/Cas9 Genome Editing Technology? -- 1.1 The Promising Aspects of crispr/Cas9 Technology -- 1.2 The Potential Dangers of crispr/Cas9 Applications -- 2 Genome Editing and the Law -- 2.1 Concerns about the Current Regulatory and Legislative Framework Surrounding crispr/Cas9 Technology -- 3 Gene Editing and Biolaw -- 3.1 The Problematic Aspects of the Biolaw Limits as Approached in the obd -- 3.2 Biolaw Limits and 'Ethics Creep' -- 4 Genome Editing and International Criminal Law - Is the Concept of 'Crimes Against the Human Species' in Relation to crispr/Cas9 Meaningful? -- Part 2 Norms and the Marketplace: Biolaw-Bioethics Mergers -- Chapter 5 Transplant Tourism Prohibition under Transnational Criminal Law: A Look at the Human Trafficking Model -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 Current International Law Instruments Relevant to Transplant Tourism Prohibition -- 4 Transplant Tourism Prohibition under International and Transnational Criminal Law -- 5 The Implementation of the Trafficking Protocol by States -- 6 The Next Step in Transplant Tourism Prohibition under Transnational Criminal Law -- Chapter 6 Systemic Deprivation of Access to Essential Medicine and Medical Care - a Crime against Humanity? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Article 21(3) as a Guide for Interpretation of Article 7(1)(k) of the ICCSt.

3 Access to Essential Medicine and Medical Care as Part of the Internationally Recognized Right to Health -- 4 Violations of Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights as International Crimes -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 7 Biolaw Stakes, Activist Jurisprudence, and (Presumed) Limits for Protected Interests -- 1 Introduction: Between Hypothesis and Evolution -- 2 The Integrative Approach: A Philosophy of Biolaw -- 2.1 Other Jurisprudence Perspectives -- 3 Interlude: Interpretation and Jurisprudence -- 4 Special Jurisprudence: American Legal Process Theory -- 5 The Limits for Hart's Sovereign -- 6 A Tentative Conclusion -- 7 Broad Stakeholder Defence of Dignity -- 8 Conclusions: against Dogmatism and for Progress -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 8 Marketing Body Parts: Morality, Law, and Public Opinion -- 1 Perfect Markets -- 2 Market Imperfections -- 3 Morality -- 4 Law -- 5 Public Opinion -- 6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Part 3 Prescriptive Approaches: Selected Themes from the Contemporary Debate -- Chapter 9 Bioethics, Complementarity, and Corporate Criminal Liability -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Interpretive Approach -- 3 Wrongs that May Demand New International Laws -- 4 Norm Projection, Corporations, and Criminal Liability -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 10 Aspirational Justice: Achieving Equity for Children Using the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Criminal Court's Policy on Children -- 1 Introduction -- 2 How International Law Informs Biolaw -- 3 History of the uncrc -- 4 History of the icc/Rome Statute -- 5 Advantages Provided to Children by Ratification of the uncrc -- 6 Criticisms of Ratification of the uncrc -- 7 Advantages Provided to Children by the Rome Statute -- 8 Disadvantages Posed to Children by the Operation of the icc.

9 Use of International Law as a Tool to Achieve Policy Goals -- 10 Conclusion -- Chapter 11 Child Soldiers, Executive Functions, and Culpability -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Executive Functions and Responsibility -- 2.1 What Are Executive Functions? -- 2.2 Theoretical Underpinnings: Agency, Responsibility, and Punishment -- 2.3 How Do Executive Functions Produce Responsible Persons? -- 3 Moral Development in the Juvenile Brain -- 3.1 The Neurodevelopment of Executive Function -- 3.2 Child Soldiers: Not Yet Full Moral Agents -- 4 Reduced Culpability for Child Soldiers -- 4.1 Proximity to Violence -- 4.2 Forcible Recruitment and Coercive Treatment -- 4.3 Appetitive Aggression -- 4.4 Initiation and Indoctrination -- 5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 12 Principles of Bioethics and International Criminal Law in the Light of Philosophy of Islamic Jurisprudence -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Religious Ethics and Trans-Religious Ethics -- 2.1 Concepts -- 2.2 Religious Ethics -- 2.3 Trans-Religious Ethics -- 3 Foundations and Principles of Bioethics -- 3.1 Human Dignity -- 3.2 Religious Approach to Human Dignity -- 3.3 Justice -- 3.4 Utility -- 3.5 Self-Founded and Ethical Autonomy -- 4 The Relation of International Criminal Law and Bioethics -- 4.1 Bioethics as the Guideline of International Criminal Law -- 4.2 Bioethics and the Process of Criminalization and Criminal Justice -- 4.3 International Criminal Law as a Guarantee of the Implementation of Bioethics -- 4.4 Globalization of Bioethics via International Criminal Law -- 5 The Philosophy of Islamic Jurisprudence and the Dual Bioethics - International Criminal Law -- 5.1 Maximum Jurisprudence -- 5.2 Minimum Jurisprudence -- 6 Conclusion -- Part 4 Biolaw in the International Courtroom - Procedural Aspects.

Chapter 13 From the Martens Clause to Consent to Human Experimentations, the Legal Journey of the Judges during the Nuremberg Doctors' Trial -- 1 The Martens Clause and the Elementary Considerations of Humanity as a Necessary Legal Basis -- 2 The Difficulty to Interpret the 'elementary considerations of humanity' in Relation with Medical Research -- 3 From the Uncertainty around the Principle of Consent to the Nuremberg Code -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 14 Scope and Limits of Psychiatric Evidence in International Criminal Law -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Relevance, Probative Value of Psychiatric Evidence and Equality of Arms -- 2.1 The War Context -- 2.2 Psychiatric Evidence v. Hearsay Evidence and Procedural Fairness -- 3 Presumption of Innocence and Complementarity under the icc Statute -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 15 Medical Evidence at the International Criminal Court - Dosage and Contraindications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Medical Examination of Victims of International Crimes: Specific Patient Care -- 3 The Medical Assessment of the Impact of the Violence: Specific Time Constraints? -- 3.1 The Disappearing Nature of Medical Evidence -- 3.2 Long-lasting Medical Effects of the Violence: Anamneses to Establish Pattern Evidence -- 3.3 Post-Conflict Anamneses: Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War -- 4 Medical Evidence: More Harm than Good? -- 5 Conclusion: Understanding the Limits of Medical Evidence -- Index.

Biolaw and International Criminal Law: Towards Interdisciplinary Synergies investigates the foundational, conceptual and interdisciplinary aspects of an emerging field: International Criminal Biolaw.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.