Osteoarthritis : Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Available Treatments, Drug Safety, Regenerative and Precision Medicine.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Articular Cartilage: Structure, Function, and Composition -- Synovium -- Subchondral Bone -- Infrapatellar Fat Pad -- Alteration of Joint Homeostasis During OA -- Cell Death -- Autophagy -- Chondrocyte Senescence -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Clinical Evaluation -- History -- Hip -- Knee -- Physical Exam -- Hip -- Knee -- Imaging -- Hip -- Knee -- Treatment -- Nonsurgical and Nonpharmacologic -- Pharmacologic -- Surgical Treatment -- Arthroscopy -- Hip Arthroscopy -- Knee Arthroscopy -- Osteotomy -- Pelvic and Proximal Femoral Osteotomies -- High Tibial Osteotomy -- Arthrodesis -- Hip -- Knee -- Arthroplasty -- Hip -- Knee -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Shoulder and Elbow Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Etiology -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Clinical and Radiographic Assessment -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Classification Systems -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Nonoperative Management -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Operative Management -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Outcome Assessment -- Shoulder -- Elbow -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Lumbar Spine Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Anatomy and Kinematics of the Spine -- Prevalence -- Joint Areas Affected -- Symptoms of Spine OA -- Diagnosis -- Differential Diagnosis -- Imaging -- Radiographs -- CT -- MRI -- Comparison of CT and MRI -- SPECT/CT -- Diagnostic Blocks -- Pathogenesis/Risk Factors -- Aging -- Genetics -- Systemic Factors -- Mechanical Factors -- Inflammation -- Treatments -- Nonsurgical Treatment -- Exercise -- Pharmacotherapy -- Interventional Procedures -- Surgical Treatment -- Morbidity of Surgical Care -- Distinct Spine OA Subpopulations -- Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis (DLS).

Degenerative Scoliosis -- Etiology -- Demographics -- Clinical Presentation -- Treatment -- Decompression Alone -- Decompression and Limited Fusion -- Decompression and Fusion of the Entire Lumbar Curve -- Morbidity of Surgical Care -- Future Directions -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Ankle Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Incidence -- Ankle Anatomy and Osteoarthritis -- Pathogenesis -- Structural/Biomechanical Alterations -- Clinical Presentation/Risk Factors -- Diagnosis -- Nonsurgical Treatment/Foot and Ankle Care -- Surgical Treatments -- Arthroscopic Debridement/Osteophyte Resection -- Allograft Resurfacing -- Supramalleolar Osteotomy -- Total Ankle Arthroplasty -- Ankle Arthrodesis -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Hand and Wrist Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Distal Interphalangeal (DIP) Joints of the Fingers and Interphalangeal (IP) Joint of the Thumb OA -- Authors' Technique -- Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP) Joints of the Fingers OA -- Authors' Technique -- Authors' Technique -- Metacarpal Phalangeal (MCP) Joint of the Index, Long, Ring, and Small Finger OA -- Metacarpal Phalangeal (MCP) Joint of the Thumb OA -- Carpometacarpal (CMC) Joint of the Thumb OA -- Carpometacarpal (CMC) Joints of the Index and Long Fingers OA -- Carpometacarpal (CMC) Joints of Ring and Small Finger OA -- Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) OA -- Scaphoid Nonunion Advanced Collapse (SNAC) OA -- Scapholunate Advanced Collapse (SLAC) OA -- Pancarpal OA -- Ulnocarpal Abutment -- Distal Radioulnar Joint (DRUJ) OA -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 7: Imaging in Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Radiography -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- Knee -- Hip -- Hand -- Spine -- Shoulder -- Ankle -- Compositional MRI Techniques -- Quantitative Techniques -- CT -- Nuclear Medicine -- Ultrasound -- Conclusions -- References.

Chapter 8: Osteoarthritis: Joint Conservation Strategies -- Introduction -- Exercise -- Biomechanical Interventions -- Knee Bracing and Foot Orthoses -- Physical Modalities -- Ultrasound -- Acupuncture -- Electrotherapeutics -- Thermotherapy -- Non-arthroplasty Surgical Interventions -- Arthroscopy -- Partial Meniscectomy -- High Tibial Osteotomy -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Osteoarthritis Biomarkers -- Introduction -- Classification of Osteoarthritis Biomarkers -- Circulatory and Inflammatory Biomarkers -- Catabolic Osteoarthritis Biomarkers -- C-Telopeptides of Type II Collagen -- Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein -- Hyaluronic Acid -- Post-Genomic Osteoarthritis Biomarkers -- Transcriptomic Osteoarthritis Biomarkers -- Proteomics Biomarkers -- Metabolomic Biomarkers -- MicroRNAs Biomarkers in Osteoarthritis -- MicroRNA and Its Biogenesis -- MicroRNA Biomarkers in Joint Tissues -- Promising Circulating MicroRNA Biomarkers -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Drug/Agent Treatments for Osteoarthritis: Present and Future -- Introduction -- Currently Available Pharmacological Therapies -- Rapid-Acting Symptomatic Agents -- Analgesics -- Opioids -- Duloxetine -- NSAIDs -- Topical Treatments -- Intra-articular Treatments -- Slow-Acting Symptomatic Drugs -- Perspectives: Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs (DMOADs) -- DMOADs Targeting Pathways of Cartilage Catabolism and Anabolism -- Metalloproteinase (MMP) Inhibitors -- Growth Factors: Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 and Fibroblast Growth Factor-18 -- Platelet-Rich Plasma -- Blocking Nitric Oxide -- DMOADs Targeting Subchondral Bone Remodeling -- Targeting Inflammatory Pathways -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Safety Profile of Current OA Therapies: Evidence from Clinical Trials -- Introduction -- Oral -- NSAIDS -- Acetaminophen -- Opioids.

Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) -- Topical Treatments -- Intra-articular Treatments -- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) -- Strontium Ranelate: Bone Turnover Agent Favoring Bone Formation -- Tanezumab: NGF Blocker -- TNF Blockers -- IL-1β Inhibition -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: Regenerative Medicine Approaches for Treatment of Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Biologics -- Hyaluronic Acid and Platelet-Rich Plasma -- IL-1 and TNF-α Blockade -- Antibodies Against Nerve Growth Factor -- Small Interfering RNAs -- Gene Therapy -- Cells for OA Therapy -- Chondrocytes -- Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BM-MNCs) -- Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction (A-SVF) -- Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) -- Stem Cell-Derived Chondrocytes and Directed Transdifferentiation -- Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration -- Scaffold Biomaterials -- Natural Biomaterial Scaffolds -- Synthetic Biomaterial Scaffolds -- Hybrid/Composite Biomaterial Scaffolds -- Scaffold Architecture -- Future Research for Scaffolds -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Precision Medicine for Osteoarthritis -- Introduction -- Why Is OA an Optimal Candidate for Precision Medicine? -- How Do We Get to Precision Medicine in OA? -- Biomarkers Central to Precision Medicine in OA -- Identifying Clear OA Phenotypes for Targeting Treatment -- Building an OA Data Integration Platform -- Comprehensive Biobank Integrated into Clinical Care -- Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning in OA -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.