Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System and Their Mimics : A Case-Based Clinical Guide.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Diseases That Affect the Brain -- Chapter 1: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 2: Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Mimicking ADEM -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 3: Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Manifesting with Primary Psychiatric Symptoms -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 4: Multiple Sclerosis in the Extremely Young -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 5: Breakthrough Disease in Pediatric MS -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 6: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Neuropsychiatric Presentation -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 7: Pediatric Tumefactive Demyelination -- Case Summary -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 8: Radiologically Isolated Syndrome -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 9: Anti-glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Limbic Encephalitis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- What Is a Paraneoplastic Syndrome? -- When Should Anti-GAD Encephalitis Be Considered in a Differential Diagnosis? -- What Other Conditions Are Associated with Positive GAD65 Antibodies? -- What Are the Most Effective Treatment Options for Patients with Anti-GAD65 Encephalitis?.

What Are the Long-Term Outcomes for Patients with Established Encephalitis Related to Elevated GAD65 Antibodies? -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 10: Anti-NMDA Receptor Antibody Encephalitis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 11: Pediatric Central Nervous System Vasculitis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- Further Reading -- Chapter 12: Neuroinflammatory Disease in Association with Morphea (Localized Scleroderma) -- Case -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 13: Susac's Syndrome -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 14: Infectious Mimics of Multiple Sclerosis -- Illustrative Case -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 15: Central Nervous System Lymphoma -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 16: Methotrexate Toxicity -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 17: Alexander Disease Type II -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussions -- Clinical Pearls -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 18: Neurodegenerative Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 19: X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- What Is the Etiology and Pathophysiology of X-ALD? -- How Is X-ALD Diagnosed? -- Why Was This Case Considered CCALD and How Does It Differ from Other X-ALD Phenotypes? -- What Are the MRI Findings Seen in Cerebral X-ALD?.

What Treatment Options Are Currently Available for X-ALD? -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- What Screening Studies Should Be Obtained in the Siblings of Patients with X-ALD? -- Can the Specific ABCD1 Mutation or Other Factors Be Used to Predict the Clinical Course? -- What Is the Anticipated Clinical Trajectory and Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with X-ALD? -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- What Diagnoses Should Be Considered in Patients with Isolated Lesions of the Corpus Callosum? -- What Are Typical Pathological Features of X-ALD, and How Do They Compare to an Acquired Demyelinating Disease Like MS? -- How Does the Clinical Presentation of X-ALD Differ from the Acquired Demyelinating Diseases in Children? -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 20: Rapid-Onset Obesity with Hypothalamic Dysfunction, Hypoventilation, and Autonomic Dysregulation (ROHHAD) -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions and Diagnostic Discussion -- How Does ROHHAD Typically Present? -- How Do You Establish the Diagnosis of ROHHAD and Differentiate It from Other Central Hypoventilation and Obesity Syndromes? -- What Are Other Associated Neurological and Paraneoplastic Features of This Syndrome? -- What Is Known About the Underlying Pathophysiology of ROHHAD? -- How Should Patients with ROHHAD Be Managed? -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 21: ADEM Mimic with Thiamine Transporter Deficiency -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- What Are the Clinical Features of Thiamine Transporter-2 Deficiency? -- What Ancillary Studies Can Be Used to Diagnose Thiamine Transporter-2 Deficiency? -- What Other Neurologic Diseases Can Mimic Thiamine Transporter-2 Deficiency? -- What Are the Available Treatment Options? -- What Is Known About the Prognosis of Thiamine Transporter-2 Deficiency? -- Clinical Pearls.

References -- Part II: Diseases That Affect the Brainstem -- Chapter 22: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Brainstem and Cerebellar Presentation -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 23: Multiple Sclerosis with Brainstem Presentation -- Case Presentation #1 -- Case Presentation #2 -- Clinical Questions -- Clinical Discussion -- What Are the Most Common Features of Brainstem or Cerebellum Syndromes in MS? -- What Is the Differential Diagnosis of Acute Brainstem or Cerebellum Syndromes in Children? -- Does Brainstem Demyelinating Disease Affect Disability Prognosis in MS? -- Clinical Pearls -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 24: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder with Brainstem Presentation -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 25: Infection Mimics with Brainstem Presentation -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 26: Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids -- Case Presentation -- Questions -- Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- Part III: Diseases That Affect the Spinal Cord -- Chapter 27: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis with Spinal Cord Presentation -- Case Presentation -- Questions -- What Clinical Findings in ADEM Are Suggestive of Spinal Cord Versus Brain Involvement? -- What Are the Clinical Differences Between ADEM-Related Transverse Myelitis and Idiopathic Transverse Myelitis? -- What Is the Treatment for ADEM with Spinal Cord Involvement, and How Does the Presence of Transverse Myelitis Affect ADEM Outcome? -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 28: Post-infectious Acute Transverse Myelitis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion.

What Is Transverse Myelitis, and How Does It Typically Present? -- What Various Diagnostic Tools Assist in Confirming the Diagnosis? -- What Etiologies Should Be Considered in the Differential Diagnosis? -- What Treatment Modalities Should Be Employed in the Acute Phase? -- What Short-Term Outcomes Can Be Expected for Patients Following Acute Treatment? -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 29: Complete Transverse Myelitis (Idiopathic) -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 30: Transverse Myelitis with Acute Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuropathy -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Reasoning Questions -- Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 31: Acute Flaccid Myelitis -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- What Are the Clinical Features of Acute Flaccid Myelitis? -- What Ancillary Studies Can Help Differentiate Anterior Horn Cell-Specific Myelitis? -- What Are the Available Treatment Options? -- What Is Known About the Prognosis of Acute Flaccid Myelitis? -- What Are Potential Etiologies of Acute Flaccid Myelitis? -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 32: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disease with Transverse Myelitis Presentation -- Case Presentations -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- Clinical Pearls -- References -- Chapter 33: Transverse Myelitis in Lupus -- Case Presentation -- Clinical Questions -- Diagnostic Discussion -- How Do the Presenting Signs and Symptoms Relate to Patient's Underlying Diagnosis? -- What Is the Differential Diagnosis of the Patient's Presentation? -- Which Laboratory Investigations Can Aid with Diagnosis in This Case? -- Based on the Diagnosis, How Can We Proceed with the Treatment Plan? -- What Do We Know About the Anticipated Course and Prognosis? -- Clinical Pearls -- References.

Chapter 34: Acute Demyelination Associated with TNF-­Alpha Inhibiting Biologic Therapy.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.