Transport and Town Planning : The City in Search of Sustainable Development.

Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Dedication -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- 1. City and Complexity: How to Untangle the Skein? -- 1.1. Systemic thinking and its historical context -- 1.2. The system approach -- 1.3. Analytical and systemic methods are complementary rather than opposed -- 1.4. Transdisciplinarity of the concept of system and presentation of a typology of complexity -- 1.5. The concept of variety -- 1.6. Keys to analyzing a system: functions and structures -- 1.6.1. The concept of function -- 1.6.2. The concept of structure -- 1.7. From description to analysis and action: the example of flowcharts -- 1.8. Concept of model and systemic modeling -- 1.9. An application of systemic analysis: study of the relationships between transport networks and territory -- 1.10. Action as a method of knowledge -- 2. Town Planning and Urban Pattern: the Emergence of Circulatory Function -- 2.1. The first urban fabrics: two founding patterns -- 2.2. Advent of circulatory function -- 2.2.1. Powerful changes implemented -- 2.2.2. Cerdà, the theoretician -- 2.2.3. Haussmann, the realist -- 2.3. The effects of the mechanization of modes of transport -- 2.3.1. The linear city of Arturo Soria y Mata -- 2.3.2. Garden cities -- 2.4. Urban transport: a chaotic development -- 2.4.1. A public interest service -- 2.4.2. Mechanization -- 2.5. Advent of electric traction and its success following the construction of the Paris subway -- 2.5.1. The accident "founder" of the Couronnes station -- 2.5.2. The first wave of automation -- 2.5.3. The triptych of innovation: technologies, organization and professions -- 2.6. The tramway: from its disappearance in France to its rebirth -- 2.6.1. The development period -- 2.6.2. Decline of the tramway -- 2.6.3. The rebirth -- 2.7. The automobile city.

2.7.1. Progressive town planning and the functional specification of spaces -- 2.7.2. The convergence between functionalism and naturalism -- 2.8. Towards the public transport city? -- 2.8.1. The "omnipresent automobile" in question -- 2.8.2. "Transport-oriented development" -- 2.8.3. The end of utopias? -- 3. Building of New Towns: an Attempt at Linking Transport Networks to Urban Planning -- 3.1. From imaginary new towns to their achievement -- 3.1.1. The initial project -- 3.1.2. A new territorial organization -- 3.1.3. The structuring role of big transportation infrastructures -- 3.1.4. A period rich in innovations -- 3.1.5. An undeniable success? -- 3.2. The case of Marne-la-Vallée -- 3.2.1. Marne-la-Vallée's entry into the regional space -- 3.2.2. The evolution of the overall administrative and institutional framework of new towns -- 3.2.3. The specific institutional organization of Marne-la-Vallée -- 3.3 A mixed report -- 3.3.1. Population growth stimulated by housing construction -- 3.3.2. Activities, employment and job/active population balance in new towns -- 3.3.3. The importance of areas reserved for activities -- 3.3.4. Employment location areas and source of active population -- 3.3.5. Internal circulation in Marne-la-Vallée new town - the most overlooked of urban planning -- 3.3.6. Motorization and servicing of the population by public transport -- 3.3.7. Gradual saturation of the main road network -- 3.3.8. What lessons can be drawn? -- 4. Models and Definitions: Changing the Paradigm -- 4.1. The mobility model that was developed in France from the 1950s -- 4.1.1. Mobility and urban sprawl -- 4.1.2. Mobility and land market -- 4.1.3. Characteristics specific to France? -- 4.1.4. Planning "formatted" by the use of cars -- 4.2. A model whose coherence and sustainability are undermined -- 4.2.1. Lessons of the subprime crisis.

4.2.2. Land rents create shortages -- 4.2.3. A system that aggravates socio-spatial disparities -- 4.2.4. The forms taken by urbanization in France present real advantages -- 4.3. Back to town planning -- 4.3.1. Two essential models -- 4.3.2. From models to concrete cities -- 4.3.3. Town planning as a coherent layout of places, functions, structures, representations and forms -- 5. Good Practices and Levers of Action -- 5.1 Influence of urban metrics -- 5.1.1. Urban form: what is it all about? -- 5.1.2. Reflecting on real cities and choosing a systematic approach -- 5.2. Innovations and good practices -- 5.2.1. European cities -- 5.2.2. The North American case -- 5.3. Major levers of action -- 5.3.1. Land use planning and transport networks -- 5.3.2. Transport-specific measures -- 5.3.3. Tariff and regulatory measures -- 5.3.4. What should be expected of new technologies? -- 6. What if the 21st Century was the Century of Suburbs? -- 6.1. French cities: undeniable progress but a long way to go -- 6.1.1. Legislative progress -- 6.1.2. Tangible results, but shortcomings and strong resistance -- 6.2. Suburbs: characteristics, challenges and future prospects -- 6.2.1. History and semantics of the suburb -- 6.2.2. The suburbs change dimension with the industrial revolution -- 6.2.3. From workers' houses to the construction of large complexes -- 6.2.4. Transport in difficulties -- 6.2.5. A real potential for sustainable urban development -- 6.3. A prospective reflection by 2050 -- 6.3.1. The context of the study -- 6.3.2. Assumptions adopted for establishing a "target scenario" -- 6.3.3. Method used for the simulation of the target scenario -- 6.3.4. Achieved results -- 6.3.5. Elements concerning the financial equation -- 6.4. Transport and town planning articulation at the local level: the case of the southern suburbs of Ile-de-France.

6.4.1. The Trans Val-de-Marne -- 6.4.2. Setting up of the line 183 dedicated bus lane -- 6.5. Significance and diversity of local approaches -- 6.5.1. The municipalities that objected -- 6.5.2. Municipalities that might have wished to do better -- 6.5.3. Municipalities that succeeded in making dedicated lanes a lever for urban restructuring: the case of Vitry-sur-Seine -- 6.5.4. What lessons? -- 7. Methods and Tools for Urban Transition -- 7.1. Urban transition and prospective -- 7.2. An iterative and interactive approach -- 7.3. Backcasting and forecasting approaches -- 7.4. Development of a conceptual framework for the assessment and monitoring of the transition process (backcasting approach) -- 7.4.1. Importance of territorial diagnosis -- 7.4.2. The establishment of a complete and coherent set of indicators -- 7.4.3. Advantages of the proposed conceptual framework -- 7.5. Assessment methods -- 7.5.1. Methods based on life cycle assessment (LCA) -- 7.5.2. Socio-economic methods -- 7.6. Transport models and the difficult question of demand forecast -- 7.6.1. Rebound phenomenon -- 7.6.2. Transport models -- 7.6.3. Land use models -- Conclusion -- Glossary -- References -- Index -- Other titles from iSTE -- EULA.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.