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Effective Protection of the Rights of the Accused in the EU Directives : A Computable Approach to Criminal Procedure Law.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher: Boston : BRILL, 2022Copyright date: ©2022Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (344 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9789004513396
Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Effective Protection of the Rights of the Accused in the EU DirectivesDDC classification:
  • 345.405044
LOC classification:
  • KJE9450 .E34 2022
Online resources:
Contents:
Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction -- Part 1 Criminal Procedure Law and Technological Development: Toward an Integrated Approach -- Chapter 1 The Algorithmic (Companion to) Counsel: A Computational Approach to Strengthen the Effectiveness of Defence Rights in Criminal Proceedings -- 1.1 An Impetuous Development in Twenty Years or So -- 1.2 A Complex Legal Framework -- 1.3 The Difficult Application of the Established Regulatory System in Practice, with Specific Focus on the Defendant's Fair Trial Rights -- 1.4 The Use of ai System to Advance Knowledge and Improve the Effective Protection of Fundamental Rights in the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice -- 1.5 Bottom-Up Construction of a More Uniform System through the Use of Learning Machines -- 1.6 Limits of the Research -- 1.7 Conclusions -- Chapter 2 How the Law Has Become Computable -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Emergence of Legal Computations -- 2.3 The Three Waves of Computable Law -- 2.3.1 The First Wave of Computable Law: Legal Sources -- 2.3.2 The Second Wave of Computable Law: Man-made Models of the Law -- 2.3.2.1 Rule-Based Systems -- 2.3.2.2 From Rules to Argumentation-Based Systems -- 2.3.3 The Third Wave of Computable Law: Data and Machine Learning -- 2.3.3.1 Document-Oriented Approaches -- 2.3.3.2 Case-Oriented Approaches -- 2.4 Towards the Regulation of Computations through Computable Laws -- Chapter 3 Making Criminal Procedure Rights Computable -- 3.1 An Automated Approach to Procedural Safeguards -- 3.2 Different Notions, Different Rules: Procedural Safeguards and the Role of Legal Interpretation -- 3.3 From Automated Assessments to Decision Support Systems -- 3.4 The Lesson for Lawyers, Judges, and Policy Makers -- Part 2 The Implementation of EU Procedural Directives: National Systems Analysis.
Chapter 4 Bulgaria: "Public References to Guilt" and "Right to be Present at Trial" in Directives 2016/343 and 2016/800 and Bulgarian Law. A Study of the Challenges of the Transposition -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 4.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and Case Law -- 4.3.1 Public References to Guilt -- 4.3.2 Right to Be Present at Trial -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 5 Croatia: Implementation of Directives on Procedural Rights for Suspects and Accused Persons: State of Play and Critical Profiles -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 5.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and Case-law -- 5.3.1 The Crucial Role of the Jurisprudence: Directives on the Right to Interpretation and Translation and on the Right of Access to a Lawyer -- 5.3.2 Further Legislative Steps to Be Undertaken -- 5.3.2.1 Directive on the Right to Information -- 5.3.2.2 Directive on Presumption of Innocence and the Right to Be Present at Trial -- 5.3.2.3 Directive on Procedural Safeguards for Children -- 5.3.3 Critical Issues Related to Training and Quality of Service: Directive on Legal Aid -- 5.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 6 France: Legal Aid, Juvenile Defendants and Presumption of Innocence - Main Critical Profiles in the Implementation of the Defence Rights Directives -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 6.2.1 Transposed Directives -- 6.2.2 Non-Transposed Directives -- 6.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and in the Case-law -- 6.3.1 The Right to Legal Aid -- 6.3.2 Presumption of Innocence -- 6.3.3 Juvenile Defendants -- 6.3.4 Remedies -- 6.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 7 Germany: Between Laissez-Faire and Literal Regulation - The German Approach to the Implementation of the Directives on Defence Rights.
7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 7.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation -- 7.3.1 The Laissez-Faire Approach -- 7.3.1.1 Right to Information and Penal Orders -- 7.3.1.2 Confidentiality of Lawyer-Client Communication -- 7.3.1.3 Presumption of Innocence -- 7.3.1.4 Remedies -- 7.3.2 The Literal Regulatory Approach -- 7.3.2.1 Translation of Documents -- 7.3.2.2 Right to Legal Aid and Mandatory Defence -- 7.3.2.3 Right of Access to a Lawyer in Juvenile Proceedings -- 7.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Case-law -- 7.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 8 Italy: Minimalistic Transposition and Substantial Protection in the Implementation of the EU Defence Rights Directives -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 8.3 Main Critical Profiles in Legislation and the Role of National Courts in Implementing the Defence Rights' Directives -- 8.4 (Continues): The Effectiveness of Defence Rights -- 8.4.1 Quality and Training -- 8.4.2 Effective Judicial Remedies -- 8.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 9 Poland: There and Back Again. A Struggle with Transposition of EU Directives -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 9.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation -- 9.3.1 The Improper Interpretation of the Term 'Suspect' -- 9.3.2 Neglecting Particular Needs of Vulnerable Suspects -- 9.3.3 Setback in the Quality of the Transposition Process -- 9.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Case Law -- 9.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 10 Portugal: The Implementation of the Directives on Procedural Rights in Law and Practice -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 General Characterisation of the Portuguese Criminal Procedure: Key Constitutional Provisions -- 10.2.1 The Concept of 'Arguido' (Defendant).
10.2.2 Phases of the Criminal Procedure and Institutional Framework: Overview -- 10.3 The Implementation of EU Directives: Brief State of Play -- 10.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and in the Case-law -- 10.4.1 Few and Not Particularly Serious Implementation Issues: Directive 2012/13 -- 10.4.2 Numerous but Not Particularly Serious Implementation Issues: Directive 2016/800 -- 10.4.3 Few but Serious Implementation Issues -- 10.4.3.1 Directive 2010/64 -- 10.4.3.2 Directive 2016/343 -- 10.4.4 Numerous and Serious Implementation Issues: Directive 2013/48 -- 10.4.5 A High Level of Implementation: Directive 2016/1919 -- 10.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 11 Spain: The Transposition of Directives on Criminal Procedural Rights into National Law -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 11.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation -- 11.3.1 Lacunas in the Presumption of Innocence -- 11.3.1.2 Loopholes in Juvenile Legislation -- 11.3.2 Reform of the Incommunicado Regime -- 11.3.3 Transposition as a Way to Go beyond the European Standards of Protection -- 11.3.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Case Law -- 11.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 12 The Netherlands: Reluctance and Formalism in the Implementation of EU Defence Rights -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Background Information: Fundamental Rights Protection in the Netherlands -- 12.3 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 12.4 Critical Analysis -- 12.4.1 Main Points of Criticism in the Implementation of the Directives -- 12.4.2 Current Trends in Dutch Case Law -- 12.5 Concluding Remarks -- Part 3 Comparative and Transnational Analysis -- Chapter 13 Comparative Remarks -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Common Trends and Lacunas in the Protection of Procedural Safeguards.
13.2.1 Vagueness or Ambiguity within the Directives: The Right to an Effective Remedy -- 13.2.2 Specific Rights, Undefined Parameters: Access to File, Trial in Absentia, Role of the Lawyer -- 13.2.3 When Details Do Not Necessarily Make It Easier: A Scattered Supranational Picture -- 13.2.4 Underestimating Practical Contexts and Structures: Training, Costs, and Qualitative Assessments -- 13.3 Beyond Legislative Texts: The Role of Judicial Interpretation -- 13.3.1 The Case-Law of the Court of Justice and National Approaches: Overview -- 13.3.2 Hints from Automated Analysis -- 13.4 The (Ir?) Relevance of the Type of Legal Bases at the EU Level -- 13.5 Which Effective Protection? -- Chapter 14 Procedural Rights through the Lenses of Data Protection: The Case of Data Subjects' Rights -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Blurring of Legal Boundaries -- 14.3 The Context of the Law Enforcement Directive -- 14.4 What Is Substantial of Procedural Rights? -- 14.5 Conclusions -- Part 4 Developing a Computable Approach to Defence Rights -- Chapter 15 Logic Representation of Legal Norms -- 15.1 Legal Knowledge Representation: An Introduction -- 15.2 Modelling Criminal Procedure Law in Logic Form -- 15.3 Rules and Exceptions -- 15.3.1 The Rule-Modelling Process -- 15.3.2 The Structure of the Directives -- 15.4 Justification and Explanation -- 15.5 Reasoning: Deductive and Abductive Approach -- 15.6 Conclusions -- Chapter 16 EU Directives Implementation: Automated Analysis of Complexity and Harmonization -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Analogical Lightweight Ontology -- 16.2.1 Background -- 16.2.2 Types of Definitions -- 16.2.3 (Continues) Classes and Relationships -- 16.3 Ontology Creation -- 16.4 Observations for Semi-Automated Ontology Population -- 16.5 Similarity and Harmonization: An Automated Approach -- 16.6 Methodological Framework -- 16.7 Similarity.
16.8 Harmonization Index.
Summary: The volume proposes a breakthrough analysis of defence rights in criminal proceedings, through the lens of a computable approach to the law. It presents a multi-level research, tackling EU law, national legislation, and case-law across the European Union.
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Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction -- Part 1 Criminal Procedure Law and Technological Development: Toward an Integrated Approach -- Chapter 1 The Algorithmic (Companion to) Counsel: A Computational Approach to Strengthen the Effectiveness of Defence Rights in Criminal Proceedings -- 1.1 An Impetuous Development in Twenty Years or So -- 1.2 A Complex Legal Framework -- 1.3 The Difficult Application of the Established Regulatory System in Practice, with Specific Focus on the Defendant's Fair Trial Rights -- 1.4 The Use of ai System to Advance Knowledge and Improve the Effective Protection of Fundamental Rights in the EU Area of Freedom, Security and Justice -- 1.5 Bottom-Up Construction of a More Uniform System through the Use of Learning Machines -- 1.6 Limits of the Research -- 1.7 Conclusions -- Chapter 2 How the Law Has Become Computable -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Emergence of Legal Computations -- 2.3 The Three Waves of Computable Law -- 2.3.1 The First Wave of Computable Law: Legal Sources -- 2.3.2 The Second Wave of Computable Law: Man-made Models of the Law -- 2.3.2.1 Rule-Based Systems -- 2.3.2.2 From Rules to Argumentation-Based Systems -- 2.3.3 The Third Wave of Computable Law: Data and Machine Learning -- 2.3.3.1 Document-Oriented Approaches -- 2.3.3.2 Case-Oriented Approaches -- 2.4 Towards the Regulation of Computations through Computable Laws -- Chapter 3 Making Criminal Procedure Rights Computable -- 3.1 An Automated Approach to Procedural Safeguards -- 3.2 Different Notions, Different Rules: Procedural Safeguards and the Role of Legal Interpretation -- 3.3 From Automated Assessments to Decision Support Systems -- 3.4 The Lesson for Lawyers, Judges, and Policy Makers -- Part 2 The Implementation of EU Procedural Directives: National Systems Analysis.

Chapter 4 Bulgaria: "Public References to Guilt" and "Right to be Present at Trial" in Directives 2016/343 and 2016/800 and Bulgarian Law. A Study of the Challenges of the Transposition -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 4.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and Case Law -- 4.3.1 Public References to Guilt -- 4.3.2 Right to Be Present at Trial -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 5 Croatia: Implementation of Directives on Procedural Rights for Suspects and Accused Persons: State of Play and Critical Profiles -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 5.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and Case-law -- 5.3.1 The Crucial Role of the Jurisprudence: Directives on the Right to Interpretation and Translation and on the Right of Access to a Lawyer -- 5.3.2 Further Legislative Steps to Be Undertaken -- 5.3.2.1 Directive on the Right to Information -- 5.3.2.2 Directive on Presumption of Innocence and the Right to Be Present at Trial -- 5.3.2.3 Directive on Procedural Safeguards for Children -- 5.3.3 Critical Issues Related to Training and Quality of Service: Directive on Legal Aid -- 5.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 6 France: Legal Aid, Juvenile Defendants and Presumption of Innocence - Main Critical Profiles in the Implementation of the Defence Rights Directives -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 6.2.1 Transposed Directives -- 6.2.2 Non-Transposed Directives -- 6.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and in the Case-law -- 6.3.1 The Right to Legal Aid -- 6.3.2 Presumption of Innocence -- 6.3.3 Juvenile Defendants -- 6.3.4 Remedies -- 6.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 7 Germany: Between Laissez-Faire and Literal Regulation - The German Approach to the Implementation of the Directives on Defence Rights.

7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 7.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation -- 7.3.1 The Laissez-Faire Approach -- 7.3.1.1 Right to Information and Penal Orders -- 7.3.1.2 Confidentiality of Lawyer-Client Communication -- 7.3.1.3 Presumption of Innocence -- 7.3.1.4 Remedies -- 7.3.2 The Literal Regulatory Approach -- 7.3.2.1 Translation of Documents -- 7.3.2.2 Right to Legal Aid and Mandatory Defence -- 7.3.2.3 Right of Access to a Lawyer in Juvenile Proceedings -- 7.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Case-law -- 7.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 8 Italy: Minimalistic Transposition and Substantial Protection in the Implementation of the EU Defence Rights Directives -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 8.3 Main Critical Profiles in Legislation and the Role of National Courts in Implementing the Defence Rights' Directives -- 8.4 (Continues): The Effectiveness of Defence Rights -- 8.4.1 Quality and Training -- 8.4.2 Effective Judicial Remedies -- 8.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 9 Poland: There and Back Again. A Struggle with Transposition of EU Directives -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 9.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation -- 9.3.1 The Improper Interpretation of the Term 'Suspect' -- 9.3.2 Neglecting Particular Needs of Vulnerable Suspects -- 9.3.3 Setback in the Quality of the Transposition Process -- 9.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Case Law -- 9.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 10 Portugal: The Implementation of the Directives on Procedural Rights in Law and Practice -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 General Characterisation of the Portuguese Criminal Procedure: Key Constitutional Provisions -- 10.2.1 The Concept of 'Arguido' (Defendant).

10.2.2 Phases of the Criminal Procedure and Institutional Framework: Overview -- 10.3 The Implementation of EU Directives: Brief State of Play -- 10.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation and in the Case-law -- 10.4.1 Few and Not Particularly Serious Implementation Issues: Directive 2012/13 -- 10.4.2 Numerous but Not Particularly Serious Implementation Issues: Directive 2016/800 -- 10.4.3 Few but Serious Implementation Issues -- 10.4.3.1 Directive 2010/64 -- 10.4.3.2 Directive 2016/343 -- 10.4.4 Numerous and Serious Implementation Issues: Directive 2013/48 -- 10.4.5 A High Level of Implementation: Directive 2016/1919 -- 10.5 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 11 Spain: The Transposition of Directives on Criminal Procedural Rights into National Law -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 11.3 Main Critical Profiles in the Legislation -- 11.3.1 Lacunas in the Presumption of Innocence -- 11.3.1.2 Loopholes in Juvenile Legislation -- 11.3.2 Reform of the Incommunicado Regime -- 11.3.3 Transposition as a Way to Go beyond the European Standards of Protection -- 11.3.4 Main Critical Profiles in the Case Law -- 11.4 Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 12 The Netherlands: Reluctance and Formalism in the Implementation of EU Defence Rights -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Background Information: Fundamental Rights Protection in the Netherlands -- 12.3 The Implementation of EU Directives: State of Play -- 12.4 Critical Analysis -- 12.4.1 Main Points of Criticism in the Implementation of the Directives -- 12.4.2 Current Trends in Dutch Case Law -- 12.5 Concluding Remarks -- Part 3 Comparative and Transnational Analysis -- Chapter 13 Comparative Remarks -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Common Trends and Lacunas in the Protection of Procedural Safeguards.

13.2.1 Vagueness or Ambiguity within the Directives: The Right to an Effective Remedy -- 13.2.2 Specific Rights, Undefined Parameters: Access to File, Trial in Absentia, Role of the Lawyer -- 13.2.3 When Details Do Not Necessarily Make It Easier: A Scattered Supranational Picture -- 13.2.4 Underestimating Practical Contexts and Structures: Training, Costs, and Qualitative Assessments -- 13.3 Beyond Legislative Texts: The Role of Judicial Interpretation -- 13.3.1 The Case-Law of the Court of Justice and National Approaches: Overview -- 13.3.2 Hints from Automated Analysis -- 13.4 The (Ir?) Relevance of the Type of Legal Bases at the EU Level -- 13.5 Which Effective Protection? -- Chapter 14 Procedural Rights through the Lenses of Data Protection: The Case of Data Subjects' Rights -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Blurring of Legal Boundaries -- 14.3 The Context of the Law Enforcement Directive -- 14.4 What Is Substantial of Procedural Rights? -- 14.5 Conclusions -- Part 4 Developing a Computable Approach to Defence Rights -- Chapter 15 Logic Representation of Legal Norms -- 15.1 Legal Knowledge Representation: An Introduction -- 15.2 Modelling Criminal Procedure Law in Logic Form -- 15.3 Rules and Exceptions -- 15.3.1 The Rule-Modelling Process -- 15.3.2 The Structure of the Directives -- 15.4 Justification and Explanation -- 15.5 Reasoning: Deductive and Abductive Approach -- 15.6 Conclusions -- Chapter 16 EU Directives Implementation: Automated Analysis of Complexity and Harmonization -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Analogical Lightweight Ontology -- 16.2.1 Background -- 16.2.2 Types of Definitions -- 16.2.3 (Continues) Classes and Relationships -- 16.3 Ontology Creation -- 16.4 Observations for Semi-Automated Ontology Population -- 16.5 Similarity and Harmonization: An Automated Approach -- 16.6 Methodological Framework -- 16.7 Similarity.

16.8 Harmonization Index.

The volume proposes a breakthrough analysis of defence rights in criminal proceedings, through the lens of a computable approach to the law. It presents a multi-level research, tackling EU law, national legislation, and case-law across the European Union.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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