An Introduction to Psychology for the Middle East (and Beyond).

Intro -- Table of Contents -- Introduction and Welcome -- Chapter One -- Chapter Outline -- What is Organizational Psychology? -- What is Educational Psychology? -- What is Clinical Psychology? -- What is Health Psychology? -- What is Neuropsychology? -- Approaches to the Science of Psychology by Dr. Carrie York Al-Karam -- Cognitive -- Behavioural -- Social -- Positive -- Islamic -- Studying Psychology! -- Meet Mona Al-Ghamdi, Saudi Arabia -- Meet Meera Al Budoor, United Arab Emirates -- Psychology is a Science by Dr. Louise Lambert -- Applied and Basic Research -- The Scientific Method -- Step 1: Conduct a Literature Review -- Step 2: Develop a Hypothesis -- Step 3: Choose a Research Design -- Step 4: Collect, Analyze and Interpret Data -- Step 5: Publish in Peer Reviewed Journals -- Generalizability and Bias -- Research Ethics by Dr. Katharina A. Azim -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Two -- Chapter Outline -- What is Indigenous Psychology? by Dr. Nahal Kaivan -- A Brief Overview of Islamic Psychology by Dr. Amber Haque -- The Concept of Al-Fitrah -- Nafs: The Nature of the Human Soul -- Qalb and Aql -- The Concept of Jinn, Satan and Evil Eye -- Perspectives of Early Muslim Scholars -- Six-Step Model for Self-Improvement -- Psychology in the Western World by Reham Al-Taher -- Psychoanalytic Psychology -- Behavioural Psychology -- Cognitive Psychology -- Humanistic Psychology -- Positive Psychology -- Topic Box -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Three -- Chapter Outline -- The Nervous System -- The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems -- What are Neurons and How Do They Work? -- Neurotransmitters -- Brain Parts and Functions -- The Hindbrain -- The Midbrain -- The Forebrain -- Topic Box -- Neurogenesis and Plasticity by Fiza Hameed -- Topic Box -- Types of Drugs and their Effects on the Brain by Anum Virani -- Stimulants -- Depressants -- Topic Box.

Hallucinogens -- Topic Box -- Over to you now -- Chapter Four -- Chapter Outline -- The Circadian Rhythm -- Types of Sleep -- Non-REM Sleep -- REM sleep -- Stages of Sleep -- How Much Sleep Do I Need? -- Topic Box -- Dreams -- Continuity Hypothesis -- Reverse Learning Theory -- Activation-Synthesis Theory -- AIM Model -- Sleep Difficulties -- Electronics and Blue Light -- Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome -- Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome -- Jet Lag -- Shift Work -- Parenting -- Learning and Sleep -- Is Lack of Sleep a Big Deal? -- Sleep Disorders -- Insomnia -- Sleep Apnea -- Narcolepsy -- Restless Legs Syndrome -- Personal Sleep Assessment -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Five -- Chapter Outline -- Topic Box -- The Structure of Memory -- Sensory Memory -- Short-Term Memory -- Long-Term Memory -- Topic Box -- Evaluation and Changes to the Atkinson and Shiffrin Model -- Topic Box -- Remembering -- Encoding -- Storage -- Forgetting -- Recall and Recognition -- Topic Box -- Topic Box -- Forgetting and Memory Failures -- Topic Box -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Six -- Chapter Outline -- Some Theory to Get Us Started -- Classical Conditioning -- Pavlov's Experiment -- Little Albert Experiment and Emotional Conditioning -- Unlearning Phobias via Systematic Desensitization -- Operant Conditioning and Reinforcement -- Social Learning -- Learned Helplessness -- Topic Box -- Self-Regulation -- Sociocultural Theory -- Mediated Learning -- Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) -- Egyptian Kindergarteners and the Zone of Proximal Development -- Discovery Learning -- Insight Learning -- Peer-Assisted Learning -- Learning with Technology -- Blended Learning -- Learning through Social Media -- Experiential Learning and Simulation -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Seven -- Chapter Outline -- Problem Solving and Decision Making -- Application of Strategies.

Obstacles to Problem Solving -- Decision Making Errors -- Concepts -- Creativity -- Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence -- Today's View on Intelligence -- More on IQ -- Topic Box -- Topic Box -- Multiple Intelligences &amp -- Perceptions of Intelligence -- Topic Box -- Giftedness -- Learning Disabilities -- What to Do if You Have a Learning Disability? -- Language -- Psycholinguistics -- Language Acquisition -- Language Acquisition Stages -- Topic Box -- Does What You Speak Affect How You Think? -- Multilingualism -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Eight -- Chapter Outline -- Nature versus Nurture -- Topic Box -- Teratogens and Influences on Fetal Development -- Topic Box -- Attachment -- Ainsworth and the Strange Situation Experiment -- Adult Attachment -- Piaget's Developmental Model -- Stage 1: Sensorimotor (Birth to 2 years of age) -- Stage 2: Preoperational Stage (2-7 years) -- Stage 3: Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years) -- Stage 4: Formal Operational Stage (Adolescence to adulthood) -- Vygotsky's Developmental Model -- Parenting Styles -- Authoritarian Style -- Authoritative Style -- Permissive Style -- ADHD in Children by Reinilda van Heuven-Dernison and Aleksandra Aslani -- Anxiety in Children -- Children: Autism -- Children: Down Syndrome -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Nine -- Chapter Outline -- Kohlberg's Model of Moral Development -- Erikson's Developmental Model -- Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory -- Gender and Gender Roles -- Topic Box -- Later Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive -- Physical Changes -- Cognitive changes -- Emotional growth -- The New "Old": Challenging Age Assumptions -- Cultural Differences for Care of the Elderly -- Death and Dying -- Topic Box -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Ten -- Chapter Outline -- How Do We Decide What is a Disorder and What Isn't? -- Definition of Psychological Disorders -- Topic Box.

What Causes Psychological Disorders? -- The Biopsychosocial Model -- Biological Elements -- Psychological Elements -- Social Elements -- Clinician's Approach to Psychological Disorders -- How Many Psychological Diagnoses Are There? -- Categories of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) -- "I Am Just Sad, I Don't Need Medications!" -- "They Are Out There to Get Me!" -- "Why Can't I Stop Washing?" -- "The War is Not Over in My Mind!" -- Mental Health and Muslims -- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Islam -- Patience and Gradual Change -- Mental Health Problems: A Symbol of Modern Times? -- Black, White, Right, Wrong, and Everything In Between -- Topic Box -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Eleven -- Chapter Outline -- What is Stress? -- Acute and Chronic Stress -- The General Adaptation Syndrome -- Significant Life Events and Daily Hassles -- Coping with Life Stressors -- Personality and Psychological Responses -- The Immune System -- Emotions and Goal-Oriented Behaviours -- Psychosocial Interventions -- Topic Box -- Health Education -- How Religion plays a Role in Health, Healing and Disease -- Islam as it Relates to Health Psychology -- Eating Disorders by Dr. Jeremy Alford &amp -- The Middle East Eating Disorders Association -- Biological Factors -- Psychological Factors -- Social Factors -- Basic Facts -- Anorexia Nervosa -- Bulimia Nervosa -- Binge Eating Disorder (BED) -- How Are Eating Disorders Treated? -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Twelve -- Chapter Outline -- Introduction to Motivation -- Drive Reduction Theory -- Arousal Theory -- Incentive Theory -- Goals -- Goal-Orientation Theory -- Need for Achievement -- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs -- Self-Determination Theory -- Motivational Constructs -- Implicit Theories of Intelligence (Mindsets) -- Attribution Theory -- Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem -- Emotion -- Emotion Theories -- James-Lange Theory.

Cannon-Bard Theory -- Schachter-Singer Theory -- Lazarus theory -- What about Aggression? -- Social Learning Theory -- General Aggression Model -- Topic Box -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Thirteen -- Chapter Outline -- Social Identity -- Islamic Identity -- Cognitive Dissonance -- The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy -- Attribution Theory and Attributional Biases -- Who likes Who? Attraction -- Social Influence -- Social Loafing -- Conformity and Obedience -- The Bystander Effect and Altruism -- Ways of Understanding Culture -- Discrimination -- Tolerance as an Islamic Virtue -- Aggression -- War, Uprisings, and Social Change -- Economic Hardship -- Psychological Impact -- Physical Impact -- Risk Factors -- Displacement and Loss -- Maintaining an Arab Identity -- Topic Box -- Over to you now… -- Chapter Fourteen -- Chapter Outline -- What is Positive Psychology? -- Topic Box -- Positive Emotions -- Joy and Contentment -- Vitality -- Curiosity -- Pride -- Awe, Elevation, and Inspiration -- Gratitude -- Optimism and Hope -- Topic Box -- Broaden and Build Model of Positive Emotions -- Are Positive Emotions Contagious? -- Architecture of Sustainable Happiness -- PERMA Model of Well-Being -- Pathway of Pleasure/Positive Emotion -- Pathway of Engagement -- Pathway of Relationships -- Topic Box -- Pathway of Meaning -- Topic Box -- Pathway of Accomplishment -- Positive Psychology Interventions -- Topic Box -- Positive Psychology and Culture -- Over to you now… -- Bibliography -- Meet the Editors -- Meet Our Contributors.

An Introduction to Psychology for the Middle East (and Beyond) is more than the average psychology textbook. Written in simple English by local contributors in the field of psychology and academia, it not only covers broad concepts and major theories, but also provides students in the Middle East with culturally-relevant examples and indigenous research studies that highlight the ways in which psychology can be applied in their local contexts. Topic Boxes appear throughout the chapters to bring regional concepts to life, and discussion questions at the end of each chapter provide ideas for further exploration. With photos that capture the diversity of the Middle East, students will be able to envision a psychology that is representative of their experiences as they explore this visually-appealing textbook. In doing so, they will be better prepared to understand the relevance of the discipline to their personal lives and the societies in which they live.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.