Filtration Materials for Groundwater : A Guide to Good Practice.

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Pollutants in groundwater -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Pollution Sources -- 1.3 Relevant Classes of Contaminants -- 1.3.1 Inorganic species -- 1.3.1.1 Arsenic -- 1.3.1.2 Fluoride -- 1.3.1.3 Nitrogen species -- 1.3.1.4 Metals -- 1.3.2 Organic pollutants -- 1.3.2.1 Aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) -- 1.3.2.2 Chlorinated hydrocarbons -- 1.3.2.3 Pesticides -- 1.3.2.4 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- 1.3.2.5 Polychlorinated biphenyls -- 1.3.3 Chemicals of emerging concern -- 1.3.3.1 Pharmaceuticals -- 1.3.3.2 Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) -- 1.4 References -- Chapter 2: Filtration materials for groundwater treatment -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Extraction of Ions of Toxic Metals from Groundwater by Sorbents, Ion Exchangers -- 2.3 Reactive Materials -- 2.4 The Use of Production Wastes in Groundwater Treatment -- 2.5 Biological Active Media -- 2.6 References -- Chapter 3: Technologies for ground water treatment -- 3.1 Pump-and-treat technologies -- 3.1.1 Introduction -- 3.1.2 Site Characterizations -- 3.1.3 Treatment Methods -- 3.1.3.1 Membrane filtration -- 3.1.3.2 Forward osmosis -- 3.1.3.3 Nanotechnologies -- 3.1.3.4 Electrocoagulation -- 3.1.3.5 Electrodialysis -- 3.1.3.6 Adsorption -- 3.1.3.7 Chemical oxidation -- 3.1.3.7.1 Ozone chemistry -- 3.1.3.8 Metal precipitation -- 3.1.3.8.1 Hydroxide precipitation -- 3.1.3.8.2 Sulfide precipitation -- 3.1.3.8.3 Carbonate precipitation -- 3.1.3.9 Ion exchange -- 3.1.3.10 UV treatment -- 3.1.3.11 Biodegradation -- 3.1.4 Summary -- 3.1.5 Conclusion -- 3.1.6 References -- 3.2 Near-well subsurface treatment technologies for sustainable drinking water production -- 3.2.1 Introduction -- 3.2.2 The Challenge and Potential for OMP Removal Using Subsurface Reactors -- 3.2.3 Subsurface Reactors: Characteristics and Specifics.

3.2.3.1 Subsurface water treatment: the concept -- 3.2.3.2 The creation of a subsurface reactive zone -- 3.2.3.3 Subsurface Reactor volume -- 3.2.3.4 Geometry of the subsurface reactive zone -- 3.2.4 Subsurface Reactor Kinetics -- 3.2.4.1 Contact time: travel time towards the well -- 3.2.4.2 Removal during subsurface treatment -- 3.2.5 Reactants to Create Near-Well Subsurface Reactors -- 3.2.6 Outlook for the Use of Near-Well Subsurface Reactors -- 3.2.7 References -- Chapter 4: Cost and risk assessment of treatment facilities -- 4.1 Hydrogeological Aspects of Contaminated Site Remediation -- 4.1.1 Possible goals of groundwater treatment -- 4.1.2 Groundwater flow and contaminant transport modeling -- 4.2 The Risk and Performance Assessment of Treatment Facilities -- 4.2.1 Determination of acceptable risk -- 4.2.2 Performance assessment -- 4.2.2.1 Hydraulic assessment -- 4.2.2.2 Life cycle and longevity analysis -- 4.3 Determination of Possible Technologies Based on Risk Analysis and Modeling -- 4.4 The Cost Estimation Procedure -- 4.4.1 Cost analysis by technology -- 4.4.1.1 Cost factors of installation -- 4.4.1.2 Cost factors of operation -- 4.4.1.3 Cost factors of regeneration/reuse -- 4.5 The Advantages and Limitations of Pump-and-Treat Methods and Passive Technologies -- 4.6 References -- Chapter 5: Examples of modern ongoing facilities for ground water treatment and polluted sites remediation -- 5.1 Constructed wetlands for groundwater remediation -- 5.1.1 Introduction -- 5.1.2 A Case Study -- 5.1.3 Conclusions -- 5.1.4 References -- 5.2 Constructed wetlands for the treatment of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater - a pilot scale study -- 5.2.1 Introduction and Methodology -- 5.2.2 Results -- 5.2.3 Conclusions -- 5.2.4 References -- 5.3 Designs of permeable reactive barriers and examples of full scale treatment -- 5.3.1 Design.

5.3.2 Full-Scale Treatments -- 5.3.3 References -- 5.4 State of art of filtration for public water supply in Brazil -- 5.4.1 Classification According to the Filtration Rate (Fast and Slow Filters) -- 5.4.2 Classification According to the Flow Direction (Upflow and Downflow) -- 5.4.2.1 Rating according to the type of treatment (conventional, direct filtration and filtration line) -- 5.4.3 Classification According to the Filter Material (Granular Bed Filters and Filter Type Precoat) -- 5.4.4 Classification According to the Hydraulic Arrangement (Gravity Filters and Pressure Filters) -- 5.4.5 Classification According to the Mechanism of Action (Action of Water Depth and Surface Action) -- 5.4.6 References -- 5.5 Development in groundwater treatment - Indian perspective -- 5.5.1 Surface and Groundwater Potential in India -- 5.5.2 Drawbacks with Surface Water -- 5.5.3 Groundwater Contamination -- 5.5.4 Methods Adopted for Water Treatment in India -- 5.5.5 Government Initiatives - in Conservation of Surface &amp -- Ground Water Resource -- 5.5.6 Research Initiative by Academic and Research Institutions -- 5.5.7 References.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.