The Manufacture of Knowledge : An Essay on the Constructivist and Contextual Nature of Science.

Front Cover -- The Manufacture of Knowledge: An Essay on the Constructivist and Contextual Nature of Science -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1. The Scientist as a Practical Reasoner: Introduction to a Constructivist and Contextual Theory of Knowledge -- 1.1 Facts and Fabrications -- 1.2 The Constructivist Interpretation I: Nature and the Laboratory -- 1.3 The Constructivist Interpretation II: The "Decision Ladenness" of Fact-Fabrication -- 1.4 The Laboratory: Context of Discovery or Context of Validation? -- 1.5 The Contextuality of Laboratory Construction -- 1.6 Contextual Contingency as a Principle of Change -- 1.7 The Constructivist Interpretation III: Innovation and Selection -- 1.8 Sources of Reconstruction: The Internal and the External -- 1.9 Sensitive and Frigid Methodologies -- 1.10 From the Question Why to the Question How -- 1.11 The Scientist as a Practical Reasoner -- 1.12 The Cognitive and the Practical Reasoner -- 1.13 Data and Presentation -- Notes -- Chapter 2. The Scientist as an Indexical Reasoner: The Contextuality and the Opportunism of Research -- 2.1 Bringing Space and Time Back In: The Indexical Logic and the Opportunism of Research -- 2.2 Local Idiosyncrasies -- 2.3 Occasioned Selections and the Oscillation of Decision Criteria -- 2.4 The Neglected Research Site: Organisation vs. Laboratory Situation -- 2.5 Variable Rules, and Power -- 2.6 Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 3. The Scientist as an Analogical Reasoner: A Principle of Orientation and a Critique of the Metaphor Theory of Innovation -- 3.1 The Metaphor Theory of Innovation -- 3.2 The Scientists' Accounts of Innovation -- 3.3 Analogy Relations and the Opportunistic Logic of Research -- 3.4 The Opportunism and the Conservatism of Analogical Reasoning.

3.5 Ethnotheories of Innovation, or the Assumptions Behind Accounts of Innovation -- 3.6 A Metaphor- or Analogy-Theory of Failure and Mistake -- 3.7 Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 4. The Scientist as a Socially Situated Reasoner: From Scientific Communities to Transscientific Fields -- 4.1 The Scientific Community as a Unit of Contextual Organisation -- 4.2 Quasi-Economic Models: From Community Gift-Giving to Community Capitalism -- 4.3 The Scientist as an Economic Reasoner or 'Who are the Entrepreneurs? -- 4.4 The Labour Interpretation -- 4.5 Variable Transscientific Fields -- 4.6 Resource-Relationships -- 4.7 Resource-Relationships: Ultrafragile and Grounded in Conflict -- 4.8 The Transscientific Connection of Research -- 4.9 Indeterminacy and the Transscientific Connection of Research -- Notes -- Chapter 5. The Scientist as a Literary Reasoner, Or the Transformation of Laboratory Reason -- 5.1 The "Products" of Research -- 5.2 The Grounding of a Research Effort in the Laboratory -- 5.3 The Grounding of a Research Effort in the Scientific Paper -- 5.4 First and Final Versions: The Dissimulation of Literary Intention -- 5.5 The Construction of a Web of Reason -- 5.6 The Management of Relevance -- 5.7 The Story of the Laboratory Continued -- 5.8 The Paper-Version of Method -- 5.9 The Results and Discussion of the Paper -- 5.10 From the First to the Final Version Once Again -- 5.11 The Transformation Function : Are there Rules of Correspondence? -- 5.12 Conclusion: The Process of Conversion and the Idea of an Economy of Change -- Notes -- Chapter 6. The Scientist as a Symbolic Reasoner, Or "What do we Make of the Distinction Between the Natural and the Social Sciences? -- 6.1 The Two Sciences -- 6.2 The Universality of Interpretation and Understanding -- 6.3 The Curious Distinction Between Interested Action and Symbolic Action.

6.4 The Symbolic and the Laboratory -- 6.5 The Feedback Thesis -- Notes -- Chapter 7. Conclusion: The Major Theses of the Book -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- References -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.