Recent Developments in Neuroscience Research on Human Motivation.

Front Cover -- Recent Developments in Neuroscience Research on Human Motivation -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction to Motivational Neuroscience -- Introduction -- Why Neuroscience? -- Caveat -- Neuroscientific Data -- Thirteen Core Brain Structures -- Three Core Brain Circuits -- System 1: The Reward Circuit -- System 2: The Valuation Pathway -- System 3: The Self-Regulation/Self-Control Network -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Part I: Reward and Approach -- Neuroscience of Reward, Motivation, and Drive -- Introduction -- Early Theories of Homeostatic Drive -- Flexible Goals and Affective Displays -- Incentive Motivation Concepts -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- On the Neuroscience of Approach and Withdrawal Motivation, with a Focus on the Role of Asymmetrical Frontal Cortical Activity -- Why Asymmetrical Frontal Cortical Activity? -- A Brief Introduction to Frontal Alpha Asymmetry -- Trait-Level Relationships with Motivation -- Developmental Studies -- Relationships with Psychological Disorders -- Relationships with Hormonal Responses and Other Physiological Responses -- What Is Being Measured during a Resting Baseline Session? -- State Relationships with Motivation -- Manipulation of Motivational State -- Manipulation of Cortical State -- Hand Contractions -- Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) -- Other -- Parietal Asymmetry and Parietal-Frontal Interactions -- Concluding Remarks -- Notes -- References -- Neuroscience of Motivation and Organizational Behavior: Putting the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) to Work -- Workplace Initiatives and Motivation -- Motivation, Drive, and Performance -- Attractors and Repulsors in the Workplace -- Attractors and Repulsors as "Reward" and "Punishment" -- Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) and Drive.

Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST): Systems -- Integrating RST with Employee Performance -- Aspects of Drive -- BAS and Workplace Behavior -- Goal Setting and Social-Cognitive Aspects of Motivation -- RST and Goal-Orientation -- Putting RST to Work -- Coda: The Dark Side of Workplace Motivation -- Conclusions -- References -- Part II: Intrinsic Motivation -- "Your Choice" Motivates You in the Brain: The Emergence of Autonomy Neuroscience -- Personal Choice Is Rewarding -- Personal Choice Shapes Preference -- Personal Choice Changes the Perception of Outcomes -- Personal Choice Facilitates Motivation and Performance -- Putting It All Together: Integrating the Psychological Experience and Behavioral Act of Personal Choice with Neuroscientific Evidence and Explanations -- Autonomy Neuroscience -- Additional Considerations -- Conclusion -- References -- Insular Cortex Activity as the Neural Base of Intrinsic Motivation -- Traditional Neuroscientific Perspectives on Human Motivation -- Neural Findings from Animal Studies -- Neural Findings from Human Neuroimaging Studies -- Intrinsic Motivation Researchers' Interest in Neuroscientific Approaches -- Recent Neuroscientific Findings about Intrinsic Motivation -- Neuroscience Studies on Intrinsic Motivation -- Competence -- Curiosity -- Undermining Effects of Extrinsic Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation -- Implications and Limitations -- New Perspectives on the Neural Mechanisms of Intrinsic Motivation -- Neural Differences between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation -- Neural Differences between High versus Low Levels of Intrinsic Motivation -- Neural Understanding about Insular Cortex Activity -- Insular Cortex, Emotion, and Feeling -- Insular Cortex, Craving, and Addiction -- Insular Cortex and Self -- Connecting Neural Findings to the Psychological Theories of Intrinsic Motivation.

Conclusion, Limitations, and Future Directions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Motivated Cognition: Neural and Computational Mechanisms of Curiosity, Attention, and Intrinsic Motivation -- Introduction -- Curiosity and Intrinsic Motivation -- Dopaminergic Systems that Process Primary Rewards Are Activated by Curiosity -- Eye Movements and Attention -- What Motivates Curiosity? -- Surprise -- Novelty -- Reward and Uncertainty -- Learning Progress and Metacognition -- Conclusions -- References -- Part III: Motivation and Learning -- The Role of Feedback in Learning and Motivation -- Introduction -- Brain Circuits Involved in Processing Reward-Related Information -- Learning from Feedback Recruits the Brain's Reward System -- Effects of Motivation on Feedback Processing during Learning -- The Motivational Control of Behavior after Extensive Experience -- Educational Implications -- References -- Motivational Influences on Memory -- Neuroanatomical Substrates of Motivated Memory -- Motivation Influences Memory Encoding -- Effects of Monetary Reward Motivation on Memory Performance -- Effects of Monetary Reward Motivation on Neural Systems Underlying Memory Encoding -- Effects of Nonmonetary Reward Motivation on Memory Encoding -- Limitations on the Benefits of Motivation on Memory Encoding -- Summary: Motivation and Memory Encoding -- Motivation Influences Memory Consolidation -- Mesolimbic Engagement and Memory Consolidation -- Effects of Reward Motivation on Memory Consolidation -- Effects of Reward Motivation on Neural Mechanisms of Consolidation -- Summary: Motivation and Memory Consolidation -- Motivated Memory: Implications for Education -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Neurobiology of Effort and the Role of Mesolimbic Dopamine -- Motivation: Historical Background -- Definitions of Motivation and Directional Aspects.

Behavioral Activation, Effort, and the Overlap between Motivational and Motor Functions -- The Role of Mesolimbic Dopamine in Behavioral Activation and Exertion of Effort -- The Role of Mesolimbic Dopamine in Effort-Related Decision Making -- Nucleus Accumbens DA and the Broader Neural Circuitry Involved in Effort-Based Choice -- Human Studies of Effort-Related Decision Making and Translation into Formal Animal Models of Psychopathology -- Educational Implications -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Disclosure/Conflict of Interest -- References -- Part IV: Self-Regulation -- Hormones and Affect in Adolescent Decision Making -- Adolescence as a Period of Motivated Behavior -- The Role of Motivational Processes in Adolescent Decision Making: Findings from Self-Report and Behavioral Studies -- The Role of Pubertal Hormones -- Pubertal Development -- Pubertal Maturation Measures -- The Influence of Testosterone on Adolescent Behavior -- The Neurobiology of Motivated Adolescent Behavior -- Implications -- Summary and Future Directions -- References -- Too Much of a Good Thing: A Neuro-Dynamic Personality Model Explaining Engagement and Its Protective Inhibition -- Introduction -- Motivation Systems as Adaptations to Environmental Conditions -- Lateralization of Motivation Systems -- Motivational Systems and Self-Determination Theory -- Motivational Systems and Personality -- Personality and Motivation in Context -- Implicit Regulation of Motivation -- Manifestations of PRISM -- Neural Mechanisms of PRISM -- Absorption and Disengagement -- Conscientiousness and Disengagement -- Educational Implications -- Notes -- References -- Children's Inhibitory Control when Facing Negative Emotions -- Inhibitory Control -- IC and Negative Emotions -- IC, Negative Emotions, and Cortical Brain Activity -- IC, Negative Emotions, and Temperamental Individual Differences.

EC and NA as Reflected in Brain Activity -- Maternal Self-Regulation Perspective -- Maternal Self-Regulation and Children's IC at the Electrophysiological Level -- Educational Implications -- Conclusions -- References -- Epilogue - Distinct Motivations and Their Differentiated Mechanisms: Reflections on the Emerging Neuroscience of Human Motivation -- The Neuropsychology of Motivation and Its Relations with Behavioral Theories -- Drive Theory -- Operant Theory -- Approach/Avoidance -- Effort and Energization -- On to Intrinsic Motivation -- From Intrinsic Motivation to Autonomy -- Developing Motivational Capacities for Self-Regulation and Autonomy -- Summary and Observations -- References -- About the Authors.

This volume provides new insight into motivation theory by integrating noteworthy neuroscience research findings on motivation. This volume is dedicated to advancing our understanding of brain mechanisms of underlying motivational phenomena, including reward, approach, autonomy, intrinsic motivation, learning, effort, curiosity, and self-control.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.