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Sustainable Aviation : Energy and Environmental Issues.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2016Copyright date: ©2016Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (413 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9783319341811
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Sustainable AviationDDC classification:
  • 387.7
LOC classification:
  • TA1001-1280
Online resources:
Contents:
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Alternative and Sustainable Energy -- 1 Power Flow Application on an Air Vehicle Electrical Power System -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 MEA Power System -- 1.3 Bus Types -- 1.4 Newton-Raphson Load Flow Technique -- 1.5 Results and Discussion -- 1.6 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Investigation of Renewable Energy Sources for Airports -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Energy Needs for Airport -- 2.3 Renewable Energy Sources -- 2.3.1 Wind Energy -- 2.3.2 Solar Energy -- 2.3.3 Geothermal Energy -- 2.3.4 Biomass Energy -- 2.4 Renewable Energy Sources in the Airports -- 2.5 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Investigation of the Effect of Canola Methyl Ester on Cyclic Variation Using Wavelet Analysis Method -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Wavelet Analysis Method -- 3.3 Experiments -- 3.3.1 Biodiesel Production -- 3.3.2 Engine Test -- 3.3.3 Wavelet Analysis Method -- 3.4 Results -- References -- 4 A Comprehensive Review: Ecodesign Approaches with the Use of Sustainable Textiles in Aviation Industry -- Abstract -- 4.1 Sustainability Issues in Aviation and Textile Industry -- 4.1.1 Sustainability in Aviation Industry -- 4.1.2 Sustainability in Textile Industry -- 4.1.3 Research Gap: Design and Use of Sustainable Textiles within Aviation Industry -- 4.1.4 Aircraft Textiles and Green Aviation Initiatives -- 4.2 Ecodesign Approaches -- 4.2.1 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) -- 4.2.2 "Design for X" (DfX) Approach -- 4.3 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Supportable, Sustainable, and Affordable Air Platforms -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Supportability, Sustainability, and Affordability -- 5.3 Product Life Cycle -- 5.4 Life Cycle Cost (LCC) -- 5.5 Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) -- 5.6 ASD ILS Suite Map -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References.
6 Consumer Affect and Type of Water Recycling Projects: Implementation at Airports -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Methodology -- 6.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.4 Discussion -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Sustainable Aviation Applications in Turkey: Energy Efficiency at Airport Terminals -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Results and Discussion -- 7.2.1 Thermal Camera Analyses -- 7.2.2 Solar Reflective Material -- 7.2.3 Highspeed Doors -- 7.2.4 Thermal Stratification -- 7.3 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Investigation of the Vehicle Application of Fuel Cell-Battery Hybrid Systems -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Systems -- 8.3 Power Management Unit in the Hybrid Systems -- 8.3.1 Drivetrain -- 8.3.2 Converters -- 8.3.3 Power Management -- 8.3.4 Source Selection -- 8.4 Fuel Cell-Battery Hybrid Systems -- 8.4.1 Energy Management on Hybrid Vehicles -- 8.4.1.1 Energy System Configuration on FC-Based Hybrid Vehicles -- 8.4.2 Bidirectional DC-DC Converters -- 8.4.2.1 Nonisolated Converters -- 8.4.2.2 Isolated Converters -- 8.4.3 Multi-Phased DC-DC Converters -- 8.4.3.1 Nonisolated Multi-Phased Converters -- 8.4.3.2 Isolated Multi-Phased DC-DC Converters -- 8.5 Liquid-Fed Fuel Cell-Battery Operated Hybrid Systems -- 8.5.1 Active DLFC System -- 8.5.2 Passive DLFC Systems -- 8.6 Hybrid Vehicle Applications -- 8.6.1 Buddy El-Jet Hydrogen Fuel Cell Li-Ion Battery Operated Hybrid Vehicle -- 8.6.1.1 Power Management -- 8.6.1.2 Road Drive Tests -- 8.6.2 Prototype Hydrogen-Electric Hybrid Microcab H2EV Vehicle -- 8.6.2.1 Power Management -- 8.6.2.2 Road Drive -- 8.6.3 Norwegian Buddy El-Jet Hybrid System -- 8.6.3.1 Power Management -- 8.6.3.2 Drive Tests -- 8.6.4 Mini Train Hybrid System -- 8.6.4.1 Power Management -- 8.6.4.2 Drive Test -- 8.7 Conclusion -- Acknowlegments -- References.
9 Design of Solid State High Power Amplifiers for Leo Satellite Communication Systems -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Process Selection -- 9.3 Architecture Selection -- 9.4 Power and Linearity Performance -- 9.5 Matching Network -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- 10 Different Efficiency Calculations of a Combined Cycle Power Plant -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Different Efficiency Definitions -- 10.2.1 Thermal Efficiency (ηT) -- 10.2.2 Carnot Efficiency (ηC) -- 10.2.3 Curzon-Ahlborn Efficiency (ηCA) -- 10.2.4 Caputo Efficiency (ηCPT) -- 10.2.5 Exergetic Efficiency (ηEx) -- 10.3 Required Data of Power Plant -- 10.4 Results of Efficiency Calculations -- 10.5 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Sustainability Assessment in Piston-Prop Helicopter Engine -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Method -- 11.2.1 Waste Exergy Ratio -- 11.2.2 Exergy Destruction Factor -- 11.2.3 Environmental Impact Factor -- 11.2.4 Exergetic Sustainability Index -- 11.3 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Energy Efficiency Study on Air-Cooled Condensers -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Design Data Pertaining to the Factors Affecting the Performance of Condensers -- 12.2.1 The Effect of Condensation Temperature on Capacity -- 12.2.2 Effect of Fin Geometry on Capacity -- 12.2.3 Effect of Air Velocity on Capacity -- 12.2.4 The Effect of Grooved Tubes on Capacity -- 12.2.5 Effect of Fan Selection on Capacity and Noise Level and Control Options -- 12.2.5.1 Two Speed Fans -- 12.2.5.2 Use of Frequency Inverters and Step Control Units -- 12.2.5.3 EC Fans -- 12.3 Use of Free Cooling in Cooling Units with Air-Cooled Condensers -- 12.4 Standards and Energy Classification in Air-Cooled Condensers -- 12.5 Conclusion -- References -- Modelling, Planning and Optimization in Aviation.
13 Multi-objective Optimization of a Two-Stage Micro-turbine for Combined Heat and Power Production -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Cycle Modeling -- 13.3 Thermodynamic Modeling -- 13.3.1 Compressor Modeling -- 13.3.1.1 First-Stage Compressor -- 13.3.1.2 Second-Stage Compressor -- 13.3.2 Intercooler -- 13.3.3 Pump Modeling -- 13.3.4 Re-cooperator -- 13.3.5 Combustion Chamber Modeling -- 13.3.6 Gas Turbine Modeling -- 13.3.7 Generator (Hot Water) -- 13.4 Exergy Analysis -- 13.5 Definition of Objective Functions -- 13.6 Parametric Analysis -- 13.7 Optimization -- 13.8 GMDH Neural Network -- 13.9 Conclusion -- References -- 14 Buckling Analysis of a Column with Rotational Springs at Both Ends in Aircraft Column -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Formulation of the Problem -- 14.3 Results and Discussion -- 14.4 Conclusions -- References -- 15 Emissions Prediction of a Reverse Flow Combustor Using Network Models -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Methodology -- 15.2.1 One-Dimensional Network Model -- 15.2.2 Mathematical Model -- 15.2.3 Chemical Reactor Network (CRN) Model -- 15.3 Results -- 15.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 16 Performance Simulation of Serviceable Stratospheric Balloon Control Using MATLAB/Simulink -- Abstract -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Balloon Dynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer Model -- 16.3 Numerical and Control Method -- 16.4 Results and Discussion -- 16.5 Conclusions -- References -- 17 Multi-objective 4D Trajectory Optimization for Online Strategic and Tactical Air Traffic Management -- Abstract -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Statement of the Problem -- 17.3 Mathematical Formulation -- 17.3.1 Numerical Solution -- 17.3.2 MOTO-4D Algorithm Implementation -- 17.3.3 Multi-objective Optimality -- 17.4 4DT Optimisation Algorithm -- 17.5 Simulation and Results -- 17.6 Conclusions -- References.
18 Physical-Based Simulation of a GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor Devices -- Abstract -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 AlGaN/GaN HEMT Fundamentals -- 18.3 Two-Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG) -- 18.3.1 Spontaneous Polarization -- 18.3.2 Piezoelectric Polarization -- 18.3.3 Device Structure and Simulation Model -- 18.4 Conclusions -- References -- 19 Fault Detection, Isolation and Accommodation in Flight Control System of A340-Airbus Aircraft -- Abstract -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Airbus A-340 Aircraft Model -- 19.3 Kalman Filter Algorithms -- 19.4 Fault-Tolerant Estimation of Aircraft States -- 19.4.1 Fault Detection -- 19.4.2 Sensor Fault Isolation Algorithm -- 19.4.3 Robust Kalman Filter -- 19.4.3.1 RKF with SMNSF -- 19.4.3.2 RKF with MMNSF -- 19.4.4 Reconfigurable Kalman Filter -- 19.5 Simulations Results -- 19.5.1 Fault Detection Algorithm Results -- 19.5.2 Sensor Fault Isolation Algorithm Results -- 19.5.3 RKF Algorithm Results -- 19.5.3.1 RKF with SMNSF -- 19.5.3.2 RKF with MMNSF -- 19.5.3.3 Reconfigurable KF -- 19.6 Conclusions -- References -- 20 Mathematical Modelling of a Tilt-Rotor by an Integral Method and CFX Modelling by ANSYS Fluent -- Abstract -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Theoretical Background -- 20.2.1 Choice of Coordinates -- 20.2.2 Boundary Condition -- 20.3 Resolution Method -- 20.4 Application to the Tilt-Rotor -- 20.5 Discretization -- 20.6 Resolution CFX -- 20.7 Results -- 20.8 Discussion -- 20.9 Conclusion -- References -- 21 Modelling and Evaluation of Persistent Contrail Formation Regions for Offline and Online Strategic Flight Trajectory Planning -- Abstract -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 Contrail Lifecycle -- 21.2.1 Radiative Properties -- 21.3 Contrail Mapping Algorithm -- 21.3.1 Contrail Model -- 21.3.1.1 Jet Phase -- 21.3.1.2 Vortex Phase -- 21.3.1.3 Dispersion Phase -- 21.3.1.4 Radiative Forcing -- 21.3.2 Weather.
21.3.3 Solar Properties.
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Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Alternative and Sustainable Energy -- 1 Power Flow Application on an Air Vehicle Electrical Power System -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 MEA Power System -- 1.3 Bus Types -- 1.4 Newton-Raphson Load Flow Technique -- 1.5 Results and Discussion -- 1.6 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Investigation of Renewable Energy Sources for Airports -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Energy Needs for Airport -- 2.3 Renewable Energy Sources -- 2.3.1 Wind Energy -- 2.3.2 Solar Energy -- 2.3.3 Geothermal Energy -- 2.3.4 Biomass Energy -- 2.4 Renewable Energy Sources in the Airports -- 2.5 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Investigation of the Effect of Canola Methyl Ester on Cyclic Variation Using Wavelet Analysis Method -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Wavelet Analysis Method -- 3.3 Experiments -- 3.3.1 Biodiesel Production -- 3.3.2 Engine Test -- 3.3.3 Wavelet Analysis Method -- 3.4 Results -- References -- 4 A Comprehensive Review: Ecodesign Approaches with the Use of Sustainable Textiles in Aviation Industry -- Abstract -- 4.1 Sustainability Issues in Aviation and Textile Industry -- 4.1.1 Sustainability in Aviation Industry -- 4.1.2 Sustainability in Textile Industry -- 4.1.3 Research Gap: Design and Use of Sustainable Textiles within Aviation Industry -- 4.1.4 Aircraft Textiles and Green Aviation Initiatives -- 4.2 Ecodesign Approaches -- 4.2.1 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) -- 4.2.2 "Design for X" (DfX) Approach -- 4.3 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Supportable, Sustainable, and Affordable Air Platforms -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Supportability, Sustainability, and Affordability -- 5.3 Product Life Cycle -- 5.4 Life Cycle Cost (LCC) -- 5.5 Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) -- 5.6 ASD ILS Suite Map -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References.

6 Consumer Affect and Type of Water Recycling Projects: Implementation at Airports -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Methodology -- 6.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.4 Discussion -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Sustainable Aviation Applications in Turkey: Energy Efficiency at Airport Terminals -- Abstract -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Results and Discussion -- 7.2.1 Thermal Camera Analyses -- 7.2.2 Solar Reflective Material -- 7.2.3 Highspeed Doors -- 7.2.4 Thermal Stratification -- 7.3 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Investigation of the Vehicle Application of Fuel Cell-Battery Hybrid Systems -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Systems -- 8.3 Power Management Unit in the Hybrid Systems -- 8.3.1 Drivetrain -- 8.3.2 Converters -- 8.3.3 Power Management -- 8.3.4 Source Selection -- 8.4 Fuel Cell-Battery Hybrid Systems -- 8.4.1 Energy Management on Hybrid Vehicles -- 8.4.1.1 Energy System Configuration on FC-Based Hybrid Vehicles -- 8.4.2 Bidirectional DC-DC Converters -- 8.4.2.1 Nonisolated Converters -- 8.4.2.2 Isolated Converters -- 8.4.3 Multi-Phased DC-DC Converters -- 8.4.3.1 Nonisolated Multi-Phased Converters -- 8.4.3.2 Isolated Multi-Phased DC-DC Converters -- 8.5 Liquid-Fed Fuel Cell-Battery Operated Hybrid Systems -- 8.5.1 Active DLFC System -- 8.5.2 Passive DLFC Systems -- 8.6 Hybrid Vehicle Applications -- 8.6.1 Buddy El-Jet Hydrogen Fuel Cell Li-Ion Battery Operated Hybrid Vehicle -- 8.6.1.1 Power Management -- 8.6.1.2 Road Drive Tests -- 8.6.2 Prototype Hydrogen-Electric Hybrid Microcab H2EV Vehicle -- 8.6.2.1 Power Management -- 8.6.2.2 Road Drive -- 8.6.3 Norwegian Buddy El-Jet Hybrid System -- 8.6.3.1 Power Management -- 8.6.3.2 Drive Tests -- 8.6.4 Mini Train Hybrid System -- 8.6.4.1 Power Management -- 8.6.4.2 Drive Test -- 8.7 Conclusion -- Acknowlegments -- References.

9 Design of Solid State High Power Amplifiers for Leo Satellite Communication Systems -- Abstract -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Process Selection -- 9.3 Architecture Selection -- 9.4 Power and Linearity Performance -- 9.5 Matching Network -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- 10 Different Efficiency Calculations of a Combined Cycle Power Plant -- Abstract -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Different Efficiency Definitions -- 10.2.1 Thermal Efficiency (ηT) -- 10.2.2 Carnot Efficiency (ηC) -- 10.2.3 Curzon-Ahlborn Efficiency (ηCA) -- 10.2.4 Caputo Efficiency (ηCPT) -- 10.2.5 Exergetic Efficiency (ηEx) -- 10.3 Required Data of Power Plant -- 10.4 Results of Efficiency Calculations -- 10.5 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Sustainability Assessment in Piston-Prop Helicopter Engine -- Abstract -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Method -- 11.2.1 Waste Exergy Ratio -- 11.2.2 Exergy Destruction Factor -- 11.2.3 Environmental Impact Factor -- 11.2.4 Exergetic Sustainability Index -- 11.3 Conclusion -- References -- 12 Energy Efficiency Study on Air-Cooled Condensers -- Abstract -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Design Data Pertaining to the Factors Affecting the Performance of Condensers -- 12.2.1 The Effect of Condensation Temperature on Capacity -- 12.2.2 Effect of Fin Geometry on Capacity -- 12.2.3 Effect of Air Velocity on Capacity -- 12.2.4 The Effect of Grooved Tubes on Capacity -- 12.2.5 Effect of Fan Selection on Capacity and Noise Level and Control Options -- 12.2.5.1 Two Speed Fans -- 12.2.5.2 Use of Frequency Inverters and Step Control Units -- 12.2.5.3 EC Fans -- 12.3 Use of Free Cooling in Cooling Units with Air-Cooled Condensers -- 12.4 Standards and Energy Classification in Air-Cooled Condensers -- 12.5 Conclusion -- References -- Modelling, Planning and Optimization in Aviation.

13 Multi-objective Optimization of a Two-Stage Micro-turbine for Combined Heat and Power Production -- Abstract -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Cycle Modeling -- 13.3 Thermodynamic Modeling -- 13.3.1 Compressor Modeling -- 13.3.1.1 First-Stage Compressor -- 13.3.1.2 Second-Stage Compressor -- 13.3.2 Intercooler -- 13.3.3 Pump Modeling -- 13.3.4 Re-cooperator -- 13.3.5 Combustion Chamber Modeling -- 13.3.6 Gas Turbine Modeling -- 13.3.7 Generator (Hot Water) -- 13.4 Exergy Analysis -- 13.5 Definition of Objective Functions -- 13.6 Parametric Analysis -- 13.7 Optimization -- 13.8 GMDH Neural Network -- 13.9 Conclusion -- References -- 14 Buckling Analysis of a Column with Rotational Springs at Both Ends in Aircraft Column -- Abstract -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Formulation of the Problem -- 14.3 Results and Discussion -- 14.4 Conclusions -- References -- 15 Emissions Prediction of a Reverse Flow Combustor Using Network Models -- Abstract -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Methodology -- 15.2.1 One-Dimensional Network Model -- 15.2.2 Mathematical Model -- 15.2.3 Chemical Reactor Network (CRN) Model -- 15.3 Results -- 15.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 16 Performance Simulation of Serviceable Stratospheric Balloon Control Using MATLAB/Simulink -- Abstract -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Balloon Dynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer Model -- 16.3 Numerical and Control Method -- 16.4 Results and Discussion -- 16.5 Conclusions -- References -- 17 Multi-objective 4D Trajectory Optimization for Online Strategic and Tactical Air Traffic Management -- Abstract -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Statement of the Problem -- 17.3 Mathematical Formulation -- 17.3.1 Numerical Solution -- 17.3.2 MOTO-4D Algorithm Implementation -- 17.3.3 Multi-objective Optimality -- 17.4 4DT Optimisation Algorithm -- 17.5 Simulation and Results -- 17.6 Conclusions -- References.

18 Physical-Based Simulation of a GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor Devices -- Abstract -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 AlGaN/GaN HEMT Fundamentals -- 18.3 Two-Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG) -- 18.3.1 Spontaneous Polarization -- 18.3.2 Piezoelectric Polarization -- 18.3.3 Device Structure and Simulation Model -- 18.4 Conclusions -- References -- 19 Fault Detection, Isolation and Accommodation in Flight Control System of A340-Airbus Aircraft -- Abstract -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Airbus A-340 Aircraft Model -- 19.3 Kalman Filter Algorithms -- 19.4 Fault-Tolerant Estimation of Aircraft States -- 19.4.1 Fault Detection -- 19.4.2 Sensor Fault Isolation Algorithm -- 19.4.3 Robust Kalman Filter -- 19.4.3.1 RKF with SMNSF -- 19.4.3.2 RKF with MMNSF -- 19.4.4 Reconfigurable Kalman Filter -- 19.5 Simulations Results -- 19.5.1 Fault Detection Algorithm Results -- 19.5.2 Sensor Fault Isolation Algorithm Results -- 19.5.3 RKF Algorithm Results -- 19.5.3.1 RKF with SMNSF -- 19.5.3.2 RKF with MMNSF -- 19.5.3.3 Reconfigurable KF -- 19.6 Conclusions -- References -- 20 Mathematical Modelling of a Tilt-Rotor by an Integral Method and CFX Modelling by ANSYS Fluent -- Abstract -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Theoretical Background -- 20.2.1 Choice of Coordinates -- 20.2.2 Boundary Condition -- 20.3 Resolution Method -- 20.4 Application to the Tilt-Rotor -- 20.5 Discretization -- 20.6 Resolution CFX -- 20.7 Results -- 20.8 Discussion -- 20.9 Conclusion -- References -- 21 Modelling and Evaluation of Persistent Contrail Formation Regions for Offline and Online Strategic Flight Trajectory Planning -- Abstract -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 Contrail Lifecycle -- 21.2.1 Radiative Properties -- 21.3 Contrail Mapping Algorithm -- 21.3.1 Contrail Model -- 21.3.1.1 Jet Phase -- 21.3.1.2 Vortex Phase -- 21.3.1.3 Dispersion Phase -- 21.3.1.4 Radiative Forcing -- 21.3.2 Weather.

21.3.3 Solar Properties.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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