Fate of Engineered Nanomaterials in Wastewater Biosolids, Land Application, and Incineration.

Cover -- Copyright -- Acknowledgments -- Abstract and Benefits -- Table of Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- List of Acronyms -- Executive Summary -- Chapter 1.0: Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Goals and Research Questions -- 1.3 Organization of Report -- Chapter 2.0: Experimental Methods and Materials -- 2.1 Laboratory Methods -- 2.1.1 Batch NM Sorption Tests -- 2.1.2 Sources and Size Discrimination of Titanium Dioxide NMs in Food and PCPs -- 2.1.3 SBRs -- 2.1.4 Biosolids Incineration Tests -- 2.1.5 Effect of ENMs on Biological Carbon Conversion in an Arizona Soil Under Dark Conditions -- 2.2 Field Sampling -- 2.2.1 Analysis of Aqueous Samples by sp-ICP-MS -- 2.2.2 Biosolids Processing Facilities -- 2.2.3 Biosolid Management Facility (Texas) -- 2.3 Analytical Methods -- 2.3.1 Chemical Analysis -- 2.3.2 Electron Microscopy Analysis -- Chapter 3.0: Absorption of ENM to Wastewater Biomass -- 3.1 Batch Sorption Experiments -- 3.2 Composition and Properties of Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide -- 3.3 Titanium Content of Foods -- 3.4 Titanium Content in PCPs -- 3.5 Titanium Content of Paints and Adhesives -- 3.6 Selection of Titanium Dioxide Models for Environmental Studies -- 3.7 Sorption of E171/P25 - Titanium Dioxide to Biomass -- 3.8 Summary -- Chapter 4.0: Occurrence of ENMs in Treated Effluents and Biosolids -- 4.1 Detection of ENMs in Water by Single Particle ICP-MS -- 4.2 Mass Flow of Titanium During Biosolids Treatment -- 4.3 Metals in EPA Composite Biosolid Samples -- 4.3.1 Sample Description -- 4.3.2 Normalized Metal Concentrations in Biosolids -- 4.3.3 Partitioning of Metals from Sewage into Biomass -- 4.4 Occurrence of ENMs in Biosolids from the 2001 EPA NSSS -- 4.4.1 Identification of Metallic Particles in Biosolids by SEM/EDX -- 4.4.2 Occurrence of Nano Titanium Dioxide Particles in Biosolids by TEM/EDX.

4.4.3 Mixed Metal Precipitate by SEM-Element Mapping -- 4.4.4 The Probability to Locate Metallic Particles in Biosolids by Electron Microscopy -- 4.5 Change of ENMs in Biosolids Incineration -- 4.6 Summary -- Chapter 5.0: Occurrence and Impacts of ENMs in Biosolids Amended Soils -- 5.1 Metal Accumulation Survey and Occurrence of Metallic ENMs in Biosolids Amended Soils -- 5.1.1 The Accumulation of Selected Metals in Biosolids Amended Soils -- 5.1.2 Metal Profiles in Different Depth of Soils -- 5.1.3 Nanoparticle Related Metal Profiles in Biosolids Amended Soils (Austin, TX) -- 5.1.4 The Potential Highest Concentrations of ENMs in Soils -- 5.1.5 The Presence of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Micro Particles in TX Soil -- 5.2 Effects of ENMs on Basal Respiration in Soils -- 5.3 Effects of ENMs on SIR in Soils -- 5.4 Summary -- Chapter 6.0: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations -- 6.1 Summary and Conclusions -- 6.1.1 Absorption of ENM to Wastewater Biomass -- 6.1.2 Occurrence of ENMs in Wastewater Effluent and Biosolids -- 6.1.3 Occurrence and Impacts of ENMs in Biosolids Amended Soils -- 6.2 Recommendation for Future Research -- References.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.