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Nuclear Energy : An Introduction to the Concepts, Systems, and Applications of Nuclear Processes.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher: San Diego : Elsevier Science & Technology, 2014Copyright date: ©2015Edition: 7th edDescription: 1 online resource (569 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9780124166363
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Nuclear EnergyDDC classification:
  • 621.48
LOC classification:
  • TK9145 .M877 2015
Online resources:
Contents:
Front Cover -- Nuclear Energy: An Introduction to the Concepts, Systems, and Applications of Nuclear Processes -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Preface -- Part I: Basic concepts -- Chapter 1: Energy -- 1.1. Forces and energy -- 1.2. Units of measure -- 1.3. Thermal energy -- 1.4. Radiant energy -- 1.5. The equivalence of matter and energy -- 1.6. Energy and the world -- 1.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 2: Atoms and nuclei -- 2.1. Atomic theory -- 2.2. Gases -- 2.3. The atom and light -- 2.4. Laser beams -- 2.5. Nuclear structure -- 2.6. Sizes and masses of nuclei -- 2.7. Binding energy -- 2.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 3: Radioactivity -- 3.1. Nuclear stability -- 3.2. Radioactive decay -- 3.3. The decay law -- 3.4. Radioactive chains -- 3.4.1. Buildup and decay -- 3.4.2. Compound decay -- 3.4.3. Serial decay chains -- 3.5. Measurement of half-life -- 3.6. Summary -- Reference -- Further reading -- Chapter 4: Nuclear processes -- 4.1. Transmutation of elements -- 4.2. Energy conservation -- 4.3. Momentum conservation -- 4.4. Reaction rates -- 4.5. Particle attenuation -- 4.6. Neutron cross sections -- 4.7. Neutron migration -- 4.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 5: Radiation and materials -- 5.1. Ionizing radiation -- 5.2. Light charged particle interactions -- 5.3. Heavy charged particle stopping by matter -- 5.4. Gamma-ray interactions with matter -- 5.4.1. Photon-electron scattering -- 5.4.2. Photoelectric effect -- 5.4.3. Electron-positron pair production -- 5.4.4. Photon attenuation -- 5.5. Neutron reactions -- 5.6. Radiation effects and damage -- 5.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 6: Fission -- 6.1. The fission process -- 6.2. Energy considerations -- 6.3. By-products of fission -- 6.4. Energy from nuclear fuels -- 6.5. Summary.
References -- Further reading -- Chapter 7: Fusion* -- 7.1. Fusion reactions -- 7.2. Electrostatic and nuclear forces -- 7.3. Thermonuclear reactions in a plasma -- 7.4. Summary -- Further reading -- Part II: Radiation and its uses -- Chapter 8: The history of nuclear energy -- 8.1. The rise of nuclear physics -- 8.2. The discovery of fission -- 8.3. The development of nuclear weapons -- 8.4. The atomic energy acts -- 8.5. International atomic energy agency -- 8.6. Reactor research and development -- 8.7. The nuclear controversy -- 8.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 9: Particle accelerators -- 9.1. Electric and magnetic forces -- 9.2. High-voltage machines -- 9.3. Linear accelerator -- 9.4. Cyclotron and betatron -- 9.5. Synchrotron and collider -- 9.6. Accelerator applications -- 9.7. Spallation -- 9.8. Summary -- 9.9. Exercises -- 9.10. Computer exercises -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 10: Biological effects of radiation -- 10.1. Physiological effects -- 10.2. Radiation dose units -- 10.3. Basis for limits of exposure -- 10.4. Sources of radiation dosage -- 10.5. Radiation and terrorism -- 10.6. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 11: Radiation protection* -- 11.1. Protective measures -- 11.2. Calculation of dose -- 11.3. Effects of distance and shielding -- 11.4. Internal exposure -- 11.5. Radionuclides in the environment -- 11.6. The radon problem -- 11.7. Environmental radiological assessment -- 11.8. Contemporary radiation standards -- 11.9. summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 12: Radiation detectors* -- 12.1. Detector Characteristics -- 12.2. Gas counters -- 12.3. Neutron detectors -- 12.4. Scintillation counters -- 12.5. Personnel dosimetry -- 12.6. Solid-state detectors -- 12.7. Statistics of counting -- 12.8. Pulse height analysis -- 12.9. Advanced detectors.
12.10. Detectors and counterterrorism -- 12.11. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 13: Information from isotopes -- 13.1. Stable and radioactive isotopes -- 13.2. Tracer techniques -- 13.3. Radiopharmaceuticals -- 13.4. Medical imaging -- 13.5. Radioimmunoassay -- 13.6. Radiometric dating -- 13.7. Neutron activation analysis -- 13.8. Radiography -- 13.9. Radiation gauges -- 13.10. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 14: Useful radiation effects -- 14.1. Medical treatment -- 14.2. Radiation preservation of food -- 14.3. Sterilization of medical supplies -- 14.4. Pathogen reduction -- 14.5. Crop mutations -- 14.6. Insect control -- 14.7. Applications in chemistry -- 14.8. Transmutation doping of semiconductors -- 14.9. Neutrons in fundamental physics -- 14.10. Neutrons in biological studies -- 14.11. Research with synchrotron X-rays -- 14.12. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Part III: Nuclear power -- Chapter 15: Isotope separators -- 15.1. Mass spectrograph -- 15.2. Gaseous diffusion separator -- 15.3. Gas centrifuge -- 15.4. Uranium enrichment -- 15.5. Laser isotope separation -- 15.6. Separation of deuterium -- 15.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 16: Neutron chain reactions -- 16.1. Criticality and multiplication -- 16.2. Multiplication factors -- 16.3. Fast reactor criticality -- 16.4. Thermal reactor criticality -- 16.5. Four factor formula parameters -- 16.6. Neutron flux and reactor power -- 16.7. The natural reactor -- 16.8. Summary -- Reference -- Further reading -- Chapter 17: Nuclear heat energy -- 17.1. Methods of heat transmission -- 17.2. Fuel element conduction and convection -- 17.3. Temperature distributions through a reactor -- 17.4. Steam generation and electrical power production -- 17.5. Waste heat rejection -- 17.6. Summary -- Reference -- Further reading.
Chapter 18: Nuclear power plants -- 18.1. Reactor types -- 18.1.1. Purpose -- 18.1.2. Neutron energy -- 18.1.3. Moderator and coolant -- 18.1.4. Fuel -- 18.1.5. Arrangement -- 18.1.6. Structural materials -- 18.2. Power reactors -- 18.3. Power plant economics -- 18.4. Light water reactors -- 18.5. Other generation ii reactors -- 18.6. Generation iii() reactors -- 18.7. Small modular reactors -- 18.8. Generation iv reactors -- 18.9. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 19: Reactor theory introduction -- 19.1. The diffusion equation -- 19.2. Diffusion equation solutions -- 19.3. Reactor criticality -- 19.4. Heterogeneous reactor -- 19.5. Multigroup diffusion theory -- 19.6. Summary -- Further reading -- Chapter 20: Time-dependent reactor behavior -- 20.1. Neutron population growth -- 20.2. Reactor kinetics -- 20.3. Reactivity feedback -- 20.4. Reactor control -- 20.5. Fission product poisons -- 20.6. Fuel burnup -- 20.7. Summary -- Further reading -- Chapter 21: Reactor safety and security -- 21.1. Safety considerations -- 21.2. Assurance of safety -- 21.3. The nuclear regulatory commission -- 21.4. Emergency core cooling and containment -- 21.5. Probabilistic risk assessment -- 21.6. The three mile island accident and lessons learned -- 21.7. Institute of nuclear power operations -- 21.8. The chernobyl accident -- 21.9. The fukushima daiichi accident -- 21.10. Philosophy of safety -- 21.11. Nuclear security -- 21.12. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 22: Nuclear propulsion and remote power -- 22.1. Reactors for naval propulsion -- 22.2. Space reactors -- 22.3. Radioisotopic power -- 22.4. Future nuclear space applications -- 22.5. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 23: Radioactive waste disposal -- 23.1. The nuclear fuel cycle -- 23.2. Waste classification -- 23.3. Spent fuel storage.
23.4. Transportation -- 23.5. Reprocessing -- 23.6. High-level waste disposal -- 23.7. Low-level waste generation, treatment, and disposal -- 23.8. Environmental restoration of defense sites -- 23.9. Nuclear power plant decommissioning -- 23.10. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 24: Nuclear energy future -- 24.1. Components of electrical power cost -- 24.2. Nuclear power stagnation -- 24.3. Nuclear power renaissance -- 24.4. World energy use -- 24.5. Nuclear energy and sustainable development -- 24.6. Greenhouse effect and global climate change -- 24.7. International nuclear power -- 24.7.1. Western Europe -- 24.7.2. Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union -- 24.7.3. The Far East -- 24.7.4. Other countries -- 24.8. Desalination -- 24.9. The hydrogen economy -- 24.10. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 25: Breeder reactors -- 25.1. The concept of breeding -- 25.2. Isotope production and consumption -- 25.3. The fast breeder reactor -- 25.4. Integral fast reactor -- 25.5. Breeding and uranium resources -- 25.6. Recycling and breeding -- 25.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 26: Fusion reactors -- 26.1. Comparison of fusion reactions -- 26.2. Requirements for practical fusion reactors -- 26.3. Magnetic confinement machines -- 26.4. Inertial confinement machines -- 26.5. Other fusion concepts -- 26.6. Prospects for fusion -- 26.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 27: Nuclear weapons -- 27.1. Nuclear power versus nuclear weapons -- 27.2. Nuclear explosives -- 27.3. The prevention of nuclear war -- 27.4. Nonproliferation and safeguards -- 27.5. IAEA inspections -- 27.6. Production of tritium -- 27.7. Management of weapons uranium and plutonium -- 27.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Appendix A: Reference information and data.
Appendix B: Textbook-specific information.
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Front Cover -- Nuclear Energy: An Introduction to the Concepts, Systems, and Applications of Nuclear Processes -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Preface -- Part I: Basic concepts -- Chapter 1: Energy -- 1.1. Forces and energy -- 1.2. Units of measure -- 1.3. Thermal energy -- 1.4. Radiant energy -- 1.5. The equivalence of matter and energy -- 1.6. Energy and the world -- 1.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 2: Atoms and nuclei -- 2.1. Atomic theory -- 2.2. Gases -- 2.3. The atom and light -- 2.4. Laser beams -- 2.5. Nuclear structure -- 2.6. Sizes and masses of nuclei -- 2.7. Binding energy -- 2.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 3: Radioactivity -- 3.1. Nuclear stability -- 3.2. Radioactive decay -- 3.3. The decay law -- 3.4. Radioactive chains -- 3.4.1. Buildup and decay -- 3.4.2. Compound decay -- 3.4.3. Serial decay chains -- 3.5. Measurement of half-life -- 3.6. Summary -- Reference -- Further reading -- Chapter 4: Nuclear processes -- 4.1. Transmutation of elements -- 4.2. Energy conservation -- 4.3. Momentum conservation -- 4.4. Reaction rates -- 4.5. Particle attenuation -- 4.6. Neutron cross sections -- 4.7. Neutron migration -- 4.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 5: Radiation and materials -- 5.1. Ionizing radiation -- 5.2. Light charged particle interactions -- 5.3. Heavy charged particle stopping by matter -- 5.4. Gamma-ray interactions with matter -- 5.4.1. Photon-electron scattering -- 5.4.2. Photoelectric effect -- 5.4.3. Electron-positron pair production -- 5.4.4. Photon attenuation -- 5.5. Neutron reactions -- 5.6. Radiation effects and damage -- 5.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 6: Fission -- 6.1. The fission process -- 6.2. Energy considerations -- 6.3. By-products of fission -- 6.4. Energy from nuclear fuels -- 6.5. Summary.

References -- Further reading -- Chapter 7: Fusion* -- 7.1. Fusion reactions -- 7.2. Electrostatic and nuclear forces -- 7.3. Thermonuclear reactions in a plasma -- 7.4. Summary -- Further reading -- Part II: Radiation and its uses -- Chapter 8: The history of nuclear energy -- 8.1. The rise of nuclear physics -- 8.2. The discovery of fission -- 8.3. The development of nuclear weapons -- 8.4. The atomic energy acts -- 8.5. International atomic energy agency -- 8.6. Reactor research and development -- 8.7. The nuclear controversy -- 8.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 9: Particle accelerators -- 9.1. Electric and magnetic forces -- 9.2. High-voltage machines -- 9.3. Linear accelerator -- 9.4. Cyclotron and betatron -- 9.5. Synchrotron and collider -- 9.6. Accelerator applications -- 9.7. Spallation -- 9.8. Summary -- 9.9. Exercises -- 9.10. Computer exercises -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 10: Biological effects of radiation -- 10.1. Physiological effects -- 10.2. Radiation dose units -- 10.3. Basis for limits of exposure -- 10.4. Sources of radiation dosage -- 10.5. Radiation and terrorism -- 10.6. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 11: Radiation protection* -- 11.1. Protective measures -- 11.2. Calculation of dose -- 11.3. Effects of distance and shielding -- 11.4. Internal exposure -- 11.5. Radionuclides in the environment -- 11.6. The radon problem -- 11.7. Environmental radiological assessment -- 11.8. Contemporary radiation standards -- 11.9. summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 12: Radiation detectors* -- 12.1. Detector Characteristics -- 12.2. Gas counters -- 12.3. Neutron detectors -- 12.4. Scintillation counters -- 12.5. Personnel dosimetry -- 12.6. Solid-state detectors -- 12.7. Statistics of counting -- 12.8. Pulse height analysis -- 12.9. Advanced detectors.

12.10. Detectors and counterterrorism -- 12.11. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 13: Information from isotopes -- 13.1. Stable and radioactive isotopes -- 13.2. Tracer techniques -- 13.3. Radiopharmaceuticals -- 13.4. Medical imaging -- 13.5. Radioimmunoassay -- 13.6. Radiometric dating -- 13.7. Neutron activation analysis -- 13.8. Radiography -- 13.9. Radiation gauges -- 13.10. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 14: Useful radiation effects -- 14.1. Medical treatment -- 14.2. Radiation preservation of food -- 14.3. Sterilization of medical supplies -- 14.4. Pathogen reduction -- 14.5. Crop mutations -- 14.6. Insect control -- 14.7. Applications in chemistry -- 14.8. Transmutation doping of semiconductors -- 14.9. Neutrons in fundamental physics -- 14.10. Neutrons in biological studies -- 14.11. Research with synchrotron X-rays -- 14.12. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Part III: Nuclear power -- Chapter 15: Isotope separators -- 15.1. Mass spectrograph -- 15.2. Gaseous diffusion separator -- 15.3. Gas centrifuge -- 15.4. Uranium enrichment -- 15.5. Laser isotope separation -- 15.6. Separation of deuterium -- 15.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 16: Neutron chain reactions -- 16.1. Criticality and multiplication -- 16.2. Multiplication factors -- 16.3. Fast reactor criticality -- 16.4. Thermal reactor criticality -- 16.5. Four factor formula parameters -- 16.6. Neutron flux and reactor power -- 16.7. The natural reactor -- 16.8. Summary -- Reference -- Further reading -- Chapter 17: Nuclear heat energy -- 17.1. Methods of heat transmission -- 17.2. Fuel element conduction and convection -- 17.3. Temperature distributions through a reactor -- 17.4. Steam generation and electrical power production -- 17.5. Waste heat rejection -- 17.6. Summary -- Reference -- Further reading.

Chapter 18: Nuclear power plants -- 18.1. Reactor types -- 18.1.1. Purpose -- 18.1.2. Neutron energy -- 18.1.3. Moderator and coolant -- 18.1.4. Fuel -- 18.1.5. Arrangement -- 18.1.6. Structural materials -- 18.2. Power reactors -- 18.3. Power plant economics -- 18.4. Light water reactors -- 18.5. Other generation ii reactors -- 18.6. Generation iii() reactors -- 18.7. Small modular reactors -- 18.8. Generation iv reactors -- 18.9. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 19: Reactor theory introduction -- 19.1. The diffusion equation -- 19.2. Diffusion equation solutions -- 19.3. Reactor criticality -- 19.4. Heterogeneous reactor -- 19.5. Multigroup diffusion theory -- 19.6. Summary -- Further reading -- Chapter 20: Time-dependent reactor behavior -- 20.1. Neutron population growth -- 20.2. Reactor kinetics -- 20.3. Reactivity feedback -- 20.4. Reactor control -- 20.5. Fission product poisons -- 20.6. Fuel burnup -- 20.7. Summary -- Further reading -- Chapter 21: Reactor safety and security -- 21.1. Safety considerations -- 21.2. Assurance of safety -- 21.3. The nuclear regulatory commission -- 21.4. Emergency core cooling and containment -- 21.5. Probabilistic risk assessment -- 21.6. The three mile island accident and lessons learned -- 21.7. Institute of nuclear power operations -- 21.8. The chernobyl accident -- 21.9. The fukushima daiichi accident -- 21.10. Philosophy of safety -- 21.11. Nuclear security -- 21.12. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 22: Nuclear propulsion and remote power -- 22.1. Reactors for naval propulsion -- 22.2. Space reactors -- 22.3. Radioisotopic power -- 22.4. Future nuclear space applications -- 22.5. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 23: Radioactive waste disposal -- 23.1. The nuclear fuel cycle -- 23.2. Waste classification -- 23.3. Spent fuel storage.

23.4. Transportation -- 23.5. Reprocessing -- 23.6. High-level waste disposal -- 23.7. Low-level waste generation, treatment, and disposal -- 23.8. Environmental restoration of defense sites -- 23.9. Nuclear power plant decommissioning -- 23.10. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 24: Nuclear energy future -- 24.1. Components of electrical power cost -- 24.2. Nuclear power stagnation -- 24.3. Nuclear power renaissance -- 24.4. World energy use -- 24.5. Nuclear energy and sustainable development -- 24.6. Greenhouse effect and global climate change -- 24.7. International nuclear power -- 24.7.1. Western Europe -- 24.7.2. Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union -- 24.7.3. The Far East -- 24.7.4. Other countries -- 24.8. Desalination -- 24.9. The hydrogen economy -- 24.10. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 25: Breeder reactors -- 25.1. The concept of breeding -- 25.2. Isotope production and consumption -- 25.3. The fast breeder reactor -- 25.4. Integral fast reactor -- 25.5. Breeding and uranium resources -- 25.6. Recycling and breeding -- 25.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 26: Fusion reactors -- 26.1. Comparison of fusion reactions -- 26.2. Requirements for practical fusion reactors -- 26.3. Magnetic confinement machines -- 26.4. Inertial confinement machines -- 26.5. Other fusion concepts -- 26.6. Prospects for fusion -- 26.7. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 27: Nuclear weapons -- 27.1. Nuclear power versus nuclear weapons -- 27.2. Nuclear explosives -- 27.3. The prevention of nuclear war -- 27.4. Nonproliferation and safeguards -- 27.5. IAEA inspections -- 27.6. Production of tritium -- 27.7. Management of weapons uranium and plutonium -- 27.8. Summary -- References -- Further reading -- Appendix A: Reference information and data.

Appendix B: Textbook-specific information.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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