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Christianity and Criminal Law.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextSeries: Law and Religion SeriesPublisher: Oxford : Taylor & Francis Group, 2020Copyright date: ©2020Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (383 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9781000070569
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Christianity and Criminal LawDDC classification:
  • 345.00099999999998
LOC classification:
  • K5018 .C47 2020
Online resources:
Contents:
Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The immediate interests of the subject -- 1.2 The wider interests of the subject -- 1.3 Conclusion -- Part I Historical contributions of Christianity to criminal law -- Chapter 2 Criminal law in the Old Testament: Homicide, the problem of mens rea and God -- 2.1 The biblical sources for criminal law and a few of their interpretive problems -- 2.2 Homicide in the biblical degree -- 2.2.1 The Book of the Covenant: Exodus 21:12-14 -- 2.2.2 The Deuteronomic Code: Deuteronomy 19:1-13 -- 2.2.3 The Priestly Law: Numbers 35:9-34 -- 2.2.4 A Coda on Joshua 20 -- 2.3 The mental element: the problem of intention -- 2.4 God(s) and/as law, law and/as god(s) -- Further reading -- Chapter 3 Conflicting criminal jurisdictions in early Christianity -- 3.1 Overlapping criminal jurisdictions in the Jesus tradition -- 3.1.1 Pharisaic disputes -- 3.1.2 Roman judgment and execution -- 3.1.3 Preceded by a conflicting Jewish trial -- 3.1.4 Guilty as charged? -- 3.1.5 Messianic criminal law? -- 3.2 Paul's engagement with Jewish and Roman criminal law -- 3.2.1 Paul prior to Christ? -- 3.2.2 Paul the Apostle -- 3.2.2.1 Paul in Acts -- 3.2.2.2 The Pauline letters -- 3.3 Concluding outlook -- Further reading -- Chapter 4 Crime and the canon law -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The sources and character of the Church's criminal law -- 4.3 The contents of the canon law of crimes -- 4.4 Historical importance of the canon law -- 4.4.1 Specific historical examples -- 4.4.2 General themes -- 4.5 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 5 Retaliation: Christian reasons for punishment: an overview -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Foundations in antiquity: the writings of Augustine -- 5.3 Frankish law.
5.4 Canon law -- 5.5 The Protestant Reformation and the purposes of punishment -- 5.5.1 Martin Luther -- 5.5.2 Philipp Melanchthon -- 5.5.3 Jean Calvin -- 5.6 Reactions in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries -- 5.6.1 Decline in practice -- 5.6.2 Principle of common utility -- 5.7 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his Essais de théodicée -- 5.8 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 6 Christianity and the liberal enlightenment reforms of criminal law -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The criminal justice system of the ancien régime -- 6.3 The reforms, reformers and religion -- 6.4 Conclusions -- Further reading -- Part II Christianity and the principles of criminal law -- Chapter 7 The nature of sin and crime: Spiritual and civil jurisdictions compared -- 7.1 The purposes of penal law -- 7.2 The classification and definition of penal offences -- 7.3 Courts and their penal jurisdiction -- 7.4 Due process in penal cases -- 7.5 Penal sanctions -- 7.6 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 8 Christianity, mens rea and the boundaries of criminal liability -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The distinction between criminal law and civil law -- 8.2.1 Wrongs committed by offenders which are punished and harms suffered by victims who are compensated -- 8.2.2 Crimes which the State will prosecute and civil claims where the State merely provides a forum for adjudication -- 8.2.3 Criminal courts and civil courts -- 8.3 The historical importance of Christianity on the idea of mens rea -- 8.3.1 The idea of mens rea in the thought of Augustine of Hippo -- 8.3.2 Mens rea as a concept common to civil law systems and common law systems -- 8.3.3 The development of mens rea in the common law -- 8.4 The principal contributions of Christianity to the requirement for a mental element in crime -- 8.4.1 The insistence that criminal liability is personal.
8.4.2 The requirement that criminal acts are voluntary -- 8.4.3 The requirement that criminal acts are culpable -- 8.4.3.1 The central case of intention -- 8.4.3.2 The biblical classification of homicides -- 8.4.3.3 Classification of wrongs in Christian theology -- 8.4.3.4 Guilty minds without intention? -- 8.4.4 The requirement that the intention results in an act -- 8.5 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 9 Christianity, human dignity and due process -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Human dignity: its place in modern legal systems -- 9.3 Human dignity: its deeper roots -- 9.4 Human dignity and human equality -- 9.5 Human dignity: where we are now -- 9.6 Due process: what does it mean? -- 9.6.1 Due process: its roots -- 9.6.2 Due process: two systems -- 9.6.3 Due process: back to the judges in England and Wales -- 9.6.4 Due process elsewhere -- 9.7 Conclusions -- Further reading -- Part III Christianity and criminal offences -- Chapter 10 Christianity and crimes against the State -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Christianity's two views of the earthly city -- 10.2.1 The Roman and Jewish antecedents -- 10.2.2 The New Testament and early Church -- 10.2.3 Augustine, the two cities and the Middle Ages -- 10.3 Christian dissent as treason against a Christian State -- 10.4 Christianity, religious toleration and political limits on the State -- 10.5 Christianity and the rights of political dissent -- 10.6 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 11 Christianity and offences against the person -- 11.1 An uncomfortable relationship -- 11.2 The law and violence -- 11.2.1 A central element: loss of control -- 11.3 Biblical attitudes to violence -- 11.4 Christianity, the State and the law -- 11.5 The English common law -- 11.5.1 Murder -- 11.5.2 "Justified" homicide -- 11.6 The partial defences -- 11.6.1 Diminished responsibility -- 11.6.2 Loss of self-control.
11.7 The Offences Against the Person Act (OAPA) 1861 -- 11.8 Consensual violence -- 11.9 When the writing is on the wall -- 11.10 Concluding thoughts -- Further reading -- Chapter 12 Law like love like language: The Christian uses of property crime -- 12.1 A property crime caused the fall of man -- 12.2 On Christian Doctrine -- 12.3 Property crimes in the Gospels -- 12.3.1 Property as a failed sign -- 12.3.2 Property crime as a corrective sign -- 12.3.3 Property crime as rebellion -- 12.3.4 Property crime as warning and judgment -- 12.3.5 Property crime and love of neighbour -- 12.3.5 Property crime and reconciliation -- 12.4 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 13 Crimes against God and the Church -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Secular criminalisation of offences against God and the Church -- 13.3 Contemporary positive law examples of crimes against God and the Church -- 13.4 Blasphemy and human rights -- 13.5 Concluding remarks -- Further reading -- Chapter 14 Sex crimes and Christianity -- 14.1 Sex crimes in the Bible -- 14.2 Sex crimes in the Western legal tradition -- 14.2.1 Thomas Aquinas -- 14.2.2 Later teachings -- 14.3 Church, State and sexual morality today -- 14.3.1 The role of the State -- 14.3.2 The role of the Church -- Further reading -- Chapter 15 Attempts, complicity, virtue and the limits of law -- Further reading -- Part IV Christianity and the enforcement of criminal law -- Chapter 16 Defences: justification, excuse and provocation -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Adult human capacities -- 16.3 Sanctity of life -- 16.4 Heteronormativity and patriarchy -- 16.5 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 17 Punishment, forgiveness and mercy -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Some definitions and some problems -- 17.3 A fresh start -- 17.4 Humility and love: loving your crooked neighbour with your crooked heart.
17.5 Criminal punishment constrained by humility -- Further reading -- Chapter 18 Justice, mercy and equality in discretionary criminal justice decision-making -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 The example of Jesus Christ -- 18.3 Equality -- 18.4 A place for mercy in criminal procedure -- 18.5 Should public officials be merciful in substance as well as procedure? -- 18.6 Did Shakespeare and Jesus get it right? -- 18.7 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 19 Parole, risk assessment of offenders and Christianity -- 19.1 Background -- 19.2 Automatic release of prisoners serving determinate sentences -- 19.3 Release of prisoners serving life sentences or extended sentences -- 19.4 The public protection test -- 19.5 Assessment of risk -- 19.6 Pressure to release -- 19.7 Christian principles in parole decisions -- 19.8 Comparisons with judicial sentencing -- 19.9 Public opinion and parole -- 19.10 The functioning of the Parole Board panels -- 19.11 Public reaction and pressure -- 19.12 Christian support for release of offenders on parole -- 19.13 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 20 Judicial punishment in transitional justice: A Christian restorative approach -- 20.1 Judicial punishment in political transitions -- 20.2 The leading alternative views -- 20.3 The justice of restorative punishment -- 20.4 How punishment contributes to the restoration of political orders -- 20.5 Conclusion: the importance of institutions -- Further reading -- Chapter 21 The weight of judgment -- 21.1 "Separatist" and "two-kingdoms" ethics -- 21.2 A "two-kingdoms" genealogy, with ethical implications -- 21.3 Truthfulness in judgment -- 21.4 Three facets of mercy -- 21.5 Conclusion: suffering the imperfectibility of judgment -- Further reading -- Index.
Summary: This collection, by leading legal scholars, presents historical, theological, philosophical, and legal perspectives on Christianity and Criminal Law. The book will be an invaluable resource for students and academics working in the areas of Law and Religion, Legal Philosophy and Theology.
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Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The immediate interests of the subject -- 1.2 The wider interests of the subject -- 1.3 Conclusion -- Part I Historical contributions of Christianity to criminal law -- Chapter 2 Criminal law in the Old Testament: Homicide, the problem of mens rea and God -- 2.1 The biblical sources for criminal law and a few of their interpretive problems -- 2.2 Homicide in the biblical degree -- 2.2.1 The Book of the Covenant: Exodus 21:12-14 -- 2.2.2 The Deuteronomic Code: Deuteronomy 19:1-13 -- 2.2.3 The Priestly Law: Numbers 35:9-34 -- 2.2.4 A Coda on Joshua 20 -- 2.3 The mental element: the problem of intention -- 2.4 God(s) and/as law, law and/as god(s) -- Further reading -- Chapter 3 Conflicting criminal jurisdictions in early Christianity -- 3.1 Overlapping criminal jurisdictions in the Jesus tradition -- 3.1.1 Pharisaic disputes -- 3.1.2 Roman judgment and execution -- 3.1.3 Preceded by a conflicting Jewish trial -- 3.1.4 Guilty as charged? -- 3.1.5 Messianic criminal law? -- 3.2 Paul's engagement with Jewish and Roman criminal law -- 3.2.1 Paul prior to Christ? -- 3.2.2 Paul the Apostle -- 3.2.2.1 Paul in Acts -- 3.2.2.2 The Pauline letters -- 3.3 Concluding outlook -- Further reading -- Chapter 4 Crime and the canon law -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The sources and character of the Church's criminal law -- 4.3 The contents of the canon law of crimes -- 4.4 Historical importance of the canon law -- 4.4.1 Specific historical examples -- 4.4.2 General themes -- 4.5 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 5 Retaliation: Christian reasons for punishment: an overview -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Foundations in antiquity: the writings of Augustine -- 5.3 Frankish law.

5.4 Canon law -- 5.5 The Protestant Reformation and the purposes of punishment -- 5.5.1 Martin Luther -- 5.5.2 Philipp Melanchthon -- 5.5.3 Jean Calvin -- 5.6 Reactions in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries -- 5.6.1 Decline in practice -- 5.6.2 Principle of common utility -- 5.7 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his Essais de théodicée -- 5.8 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 6 Christianity and the liberal enlightenment reforms of criminal law -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The criminal justice system of the ancien régime -- 6.3 The reforms, reformers and religion -- 6.4 Conclusions -- Further reading -- Part II Christianity and the principles of criminal law -- Chapter 7 The nature of sin and crime: Spiritual and civil jurisdictions compared -- 7.1 The purposes of penal law -- 7.2 The classification and definition of penal offences -- 7.3 Courts and their penal jurisdiction -- 7.4 Due process in penal cases -- 7.5 Penal sanctions -- 7.6 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 8 Christianity, mens rea and the boundaries of criminal liability -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The distinction between criminal law and civil law -- 8.2.1 Wrongs committed by offenders which are punished and harms suffered by victims who are compensated -- 8.2.2 Crimes which the State will prosecute and civil claims where the State merely provides a forum for adjudication -- 8.2.3 Criminal courts and civil courts -- 8.3 The historical importance of Christianity on the idea of mens rea -- 8.3.1 The idea of mens rea in the thought of Augustine of Hippo -- 8.3.2 Mens rea as a concept common to civil law systems and common law systems -- 8.3.3 The development of mens rea in the common law -- 8.4 The principal contributions of Christianity to the requirement for a mental element in crime -- 8.4.1 The insistence that criminal liability is personal.

8.4.2 The requirement that criminal acts are voluntary -- 8.4.3 The requirement that criminal acts are culpable -- 8.4.3.1 The central case of intention -- 8.4.3.2 The biblical classification of homicides -- 8.4.3.3 Classification of wrongs in Christian theology -- 8.4.3.4 Guilty minds without intention? -- 8.4.4 The requirement that the intention results in an act -- 8.5 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 9 Christianity, human dignity and due process -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Human dignity: its place in modern legal systems -- 9.3 Human dignity: its deeper roots -- 9.4 Human dignity and human equality -- 9.5 Human dignity: where we are now -- 9.6 Due process: what does it mean? -- 9.6.1 Due process: its roots -- 9.6.2 Due process: two systems -- 9.6.3 Due process: back to the judges in England and Wales -- 9.6.4 Due process elsewhere -- 9.7 Conclusions -- Further reading -- Part III Christianity and criminal offences -- Chapter 10 Christianity and crimes against the State -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Christianity's two views of the earthly city -- 10.2.1 The Roman and Jewish antecedents -- 10.2.2 The New Testament and early Church -- 10.2.3 Augustine, the two cities and the Middle Ages -- 10.3 Christian dissent as treason against a Christian State -- 10.4 Christianity, religious toleration and political limits on the State -- 10.5 Christianity and the rights of political dissent -- 10.6 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 11 Christianity and offences against the person -- 11.1 An uncomfortable relationship -- 11.2 The law and violence -- 11.2.1 A central element: loss of control -- 11.3 Biblical attitudes to violence -- 11.4 Christianity, the State and the law -- 11.5 The English common law -- 11.5.1 Murder -- 11.5.2 "Justified" homicide -- 11.6 The partial defences -- 11.6.1 Diminished responsibility -- 11.6.2 Loss of self-control.

11.7 The Offences Against the Person Act (OAPA) 1861 -- 11.8 Consensual violence -- 11.9 When the writing is on the wall -- 11.10 Concluding thoughts -- Further reading -- Chapter 12 Law like love like language: The Christian uses of property crime -- 12.1 A property crime caused the fall of man -- 12.2 On Christian Doctrine -- 12.3 Property crimes in the Gospels -- 12.3.1 Property as a failed sign -- 12.3.2 Property crime as a corrective sign -- 12.3.3 Property crime as rebellion -- 12.3.4 Property crime as warning and judgment -- 12.3.5 Property crime and love of neighbour -- 12.3.5 Property crime and reconciliation -- 12.4 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 13 Crimes against God and the Church -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Secular criminalisation of offences against God and the Church -- 13.3 Contemporary positive law examples of crimes against God and the Church -- 13.4 Blasphemy and human rights -- 13.5 Concluding remarks -- Further reading -- Chapter 14 Sex crimes and Christianity -- 14.1 Sex crimes in the Bible -- 14.2 Sex crimes in the Western legal tradition -- 14.2.1 Thomas Aquinas -- 14.2.2 Later teachings -- 14.3 Church, State and sexual morality today -- 14.3.1 The role of the State -- 14.3.2 The role of the Church -- Further reading -- Chapter 15 Attempts, complicity, virtue and the limits of law -- Further reading -- Part IV Christianity and the enforcement of criminal law -- Chapter 16 Defences: justification, excuse and provocation -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Adult human capacities -- 16.3 Sanctity of life -- 16.4 Heteronormativity and patriarchy -- 16.5 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 17 Punishment, forgiveness and mercy -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Some definitions and some problems -- 17.3 A fresh start -- 17.4 Humility and love: loving your crooked neighbour with your crooked heart.

17.5 Criminal punishment constrained by humility -- Further reading -- Chapter 18 Justice, mercy and equality in discretionary criminal justice decision-making -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 The example of Jesus Christ -- 18.3 Equality -- 18.4 A place for mercy in criminal procedure -- 18.5 Should public officials be merciful in substance as well as procedure? -- 18.6 Did Shakespeare and Jesus get it right? -- 18.7 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 19 Parole, risk assessment of offenders and Christianity -- 19.1 Background -- 19.2 Automatic release of prisoners serving determinate sentences -- 19.3 Release of prisoners serving life sentences or extended sentences -- 19.4 The public protection test -- 19.5 Assessment of risk -- 19.6 Pressure to release -- 19.7 Christian principles in parole decisions -- 19.8 Comparisons with judicial sentencing -- 19.9 Public opinion and parole -- 19.10 The functioning of the Parole Board panels -- 19.11 Public reaction and pressure -- 19.12 Christian support for release of offenders on parole -- 19.13 Conclusion -- Further reading -- Chapter 20 Judicial punishment in transitional justice: A Christian restorative approach -- 20.1 Judicial punishment in political transitions -- 20.2 The leading alternative views -- 20.3 The justice of restorative punishment -- 20.4 How punishment contributes to the restoration of political orders -- 20.5 Conclusion: the importance of institutions -- Further reading -- Chapter 21 The weight of judgment -- 21.1 "Separatist" and "two-kingdoms" ethics -- 21.2 A "two-kingdoms" genealogy, with ethical implications -- 21.3 Truthfulness in judgment -- 21.4 Three facets of mercy -- 21.5 Conclusion: suffering the imperfectibility of judgment -- Further reading -- Index.

This collection, by leading legal scholars, presents historical, theological, philosophical, and legal perspectives on Christianity and Criminal Law. The book will be an invaluable resource for students and academics working in the areas of Law and Religion, Legal Philosophy and Theology.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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