Word Formation in South American Languages.

Word Formation in South American Languages -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Introduction and acknowledgments -- 1. Zúñiga: Nominal compounds in mapudungun -- 2. Tacconi: Towards a characterization of compounding in Maká (Mataco-Mataguayan) -- 3. Cúneo: Augmentative in Toba (Guaycuruan): Form and function -- 4. Admiraal and Danielsen: Productive compounding in Baure (Arawakan) -- 5. Vuillermet: Two types of incorporation in Ese Ejja (Takanan) -- 6. van Gijn: Reduplication in Yurakaré (language isolate) -- 7. Hannß: Reduplication strategies in Kallawaya (mixed language) -- 8. Basso: Compounding in Kalapalo, a Southern Cariban language -- 9. Alexander-Bakkerus: Nominalization in Cholón (Cholonan) -- 10 Acknowledgments -- Nominal compounds in Mapudungun -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basics of Mapudungun NP structure -- 3. Nominal compounds -- 3.1 The basics of nominal compounding -- 3.2 Beyond the basics -- 3.2.1 Potential quirks -- 3.2.2 Smeets (2008) -- 3.3 Appositional constructions -- 4 Conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Towards a characterization of compounding in Maká -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Characteristics of the Maká community and language -- 3. Compounding in Maká: General features -- 4. Internal structure of compounds -- 4.1 Noun + poss-Noun -- 4.2 Attributive Predicate + poss-Noun -- 4.3 poss-Noun + Attributive Predicate (unexpected order) -- 4.4 Negative Existential Predicate + poss-Noun -- 4.5 Quantifier + Noun -- 5. Composition in other languages from the Chaco region -- 6. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Augmentative in Toba (Guaycuruan) -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 The Toba language -- 1.2 Data sources and methodology -- 1.3 Evaluative morphology -- 2 The augmentative in Toba -- 2.1 Morphological devices -- 2.1.1 The (pejorative) augmentative suffix -naq -- 2.1.2 The attributive suffix -day.

2.1.3 The non-productive augmentative suffix -alo -- 2.1.4 The augmentative suffix -o:m -- 2.2 Constructions with kinship nouns -- 2.2.1 Compounds with ltaʔa 'his/her father' and lateʔe 'his/her mother' -- 2.2.2 Constructions with extended kinship nouns -- 3. Preliminary conclusions -- Abbreviations -- References -- Productive compounding in Baure (Arawakan) -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Baure morphology -- 2.1 Baure nominal morphology -- 2.2 Compounding -- 3. Nominal compounding (Type 1) -- 3.1 Nominal compounds (N-N and N-CLF and more) -- 3.1.1 Endocentric compounds with nominal N2 -- 3.1.2 Endocentric compounds with classifiers -- 3.1.3 Compounds with a linking morpheme -- 3.1.4 Exocentric noun compounds -- 3.1.5 Reverse compounds -- 3.1.6 Coordinate compounds -- 3.2 Locative compounds -- 3.3 Adjectival and numeral compounds -- 3.4 Classifier compounds -- 3.5 Multiple root compounds -- 3.6 Discussion of Type 1 compounds -- 4. Mixed compounds and incorporation (Type 2) -- 4.1 Mixed compounds -- 4.2 Incorporation of nouns and classifiers -- 4.3 Discussion of Type 2 compounds -- 5. Verbal compounds (Type 3) -- 5.1 Verbal compounds leading to grammaticalization of suffixation -- 5.2 Verbal compounds with empty verb root -- 5.3 Discussion of Type 3 compounds -- 6. Conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Two types of incorporation in Ese Ejja (Takanan) -- 1. Introduction -- 2 The Ese Ejja people and their language -- 2.1 Grammatical features of Ese Ejja -- 2.2 Main word classes -- b. Verbs -- c. Adjectives -- 3 Noun incorporation into verbs (NIV) -- 3.1 Morphology of the NIV -- 3.2 Nouns that can be incorporated into verbs -- 3.3 Argument structure -- 3.4 Verbs attested in NI -- 4 Noun incorporation into adjectives (NIA) -- 4.1 Morphology of the NIA -- 4.2 What can be incorporated into adjectives -- 4.3 Argument structure -- 4.4 NIA cross-linguistically.

5. Function (s) of the two NI types -- 5.1 Manipulating case roles… and much more -- 5.2 Modifying NPs -- 6. Concluding remarks -- Abbreviations -- Reduplication in Yurakaré -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The accent system of Yurakaré -- 3. Three reduplication patterns -- 3.1. Complete reduplication -- 3.2. Suffixed partial reduplication -- 3.3. Prefixed partial reduplication -- 4. Reduplication in Yurakaré and iconicity -- 4.1. Full reduplication: Extension over space -- 4.2. Suffixed partial reduplication: Extension over time/participants -- 4.3. Prefixed partial reduplication: intensional -- 5. Conclusion -- Abbreviations -- Reduplication strategies in Kallawaya -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definition of reduplication -- 3. Formal properties -- 3.1 Full reduplication -- 3.1.1 Continuous and discontinuous reduplication -- 3.2 Partial reduplication -- 4.1 Distributivity -- 4.2 Intensification -- 4.3 Associative qualities -- 4.4 Semantic lexicalization -- 4.5 Plant and animal names -- 5. Discussion and conclusions -- Abbreviations -- Compounding in Kalapalo, a Southern Cariban language -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Typological overview -- 2.1 Derivational formation involving verb stems -- 3. Verb stem compounding: the formation of extended verb stems -- 4. The inventory and use of clitics and particles -- 4.1 Definition and Types of Clitics -- 4.2 Functions -- 5. Clitic clustering across semantic sets -- 6. Taxis morpheme clustering -- 7. Interclausal reference marking compounds -- 8. Discussion of Compounded IRM (Set 2) -- 9. Summary -- Abbreviations -- Appendix -- Nominalization in Cholón -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nominalized subordinate clauses -- 2.1 Nominalized subordinates formed without case markers -- 2.1.1 Nominalizations formed with -(e)č and -(k)te -- 2.1.2 Nominalizations formed with -(k)he and -(n)ap.

2.1.3 Nominalizations formed with -lam, -(ŋ)o, -pakna and -pits-o -- 2.1.4 Nominalizations formed with -(w)uč -- 2.1.5 Overview of nominalized subordinates formed without case marking -- 2.2 Nominalized subordinates formed with case markers -- 2.2.1 Nominalized adverbial clauses -- 2.2.2 Hypothetical or irrealis subordinate clauses -- 3. Nominalized main predicates -- 3.1 Main predicates formed by -lam and -(ŋ)o -- 3.2 Main predicates formed by -pakna and -pits-o -- 3.3 Main predicates formed by -(k)te-ke, -(ŋ)o-ke, -pakna-ke -- 4. Concluding remarks -- Abbreviations and symbols -- Index.

In Amerindian languages and in many other agglutinative languages, subordination is often a matter of nominalization. In Cholón, a language spoken in North-Peru, this is certainly the case: nominalized forms coincide with subordinate clauses. In this language, a nominalized verb form can also be used as a main predicate. In this paper we study the different subordinate clauses that are formed with nominalizations. We then find out which nominalizations are part of a main predicate, and when this is the case. Keywords: Cholón; subordination; nominalized main predicates; syntactical nominalization; relative clauses.

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