Alternatives for Military Space Radar.

Intro -- ALTERNATIVES FOR MILITARY SPACE RADAR -- ALTERNATIVES FOR MILITARY SPACE RADAR -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 ALTERNATIVES FOR MILITARY SPACE RADAR -- SUMMARY -- Space Radar's Operations and Intended Missions -- Issues in Designing a Space Radar System -- Design Trade-Offs -- Key Technological Challenges -- Alternative Space Radar Architectures -- Costs of the Alternative Space Radar Systems -- Performance Comparison of the Alternative Architectures -- SAR Performance -- Access -- Response Time -- Coverage -- GMTI Performance -- Access -- Coverage -- Mean Track Life -- Performance against Mobile Missile Launchers -- Data Processing and Communications Bandwidth -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- Space Radar's Intended Missions -- Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging -- Ground Moving-Target Indication -- High-Resolution Terrain Information and Open-Ocean Surveillance -- CBO's Analytic Approach -- 2. PAST AND PRESENT SAR AND GMTI PLATFORMS -- Previous SAR Spacecraft -- Current SAR Spacecraft -- Designs for Planned SAR Spacecraft -- Airborne SAR and GMTI Systems -- Discoverer II GMTI Program -- 3. DESIGN TRADES, KEY TECHNOLOGIES, AND ALTERNATIVE ARCHITECTURES FOR SPACE RADAR -- Trade-Offs in Designing a Space Radar System -- Orbital Altitude and Inclination -- Benefits and Drawbacks of Various Altitudes -- Potential Problems with Medium Earth Orbits -- The Role of Inclination -- Radar Antenna: Electronically Steered Array or Reflector? -- Radar Frequency -- Challenges Posed by Key Technologies -- Satellite Power -- Radar Bandwidth -- GMTI Signal Processing -- Communications Bandwidth -- The Alternative Architectures Analyzed in This chapter -- Costs of the Alternatives -- 4. PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE ARCHITECTURES FOR SPACE RADAR -- SAR Imaging Performance -- SAR Access -- SAR Response Time -- SAR Coverage -- GMTI Performance -- GMTI Access.

GMTI Response Time -- GMTI Coverage -- Mean Track Life for Individual Targets -- Performance against Mobile Missile Launchers -- Data Processing and Communications Bandwidth -- SAR Data Rates -- GMTI Data Rates -- APPENDIX A. COST ESTIMATES FOR THE ALTERNATIVE SPACE RADAR SYSTEMS IN CBO'S ANALYSIS -- A Summary of the Alternatives and Their Costs -- CBO's Estimating Methods -- Research and Development Costs -- Procurement Costs -- Payload -- Spacecraft -- Integration and Assembly -- Ground Equipment -- Launch Vehicle -- Program Management -- Operations Costs -- Satellite Operations -- Tasking, Processing, Exploitation, and Dissemination -- Sustaining Engineering -- Replacement Space Radars and Launch Vehicles -- APPENDIX B. SAR AND GMTI ANALYSIS METHODOLOGIES -- SAR Analysis Methodology -- GMTI Analysis Methodology -- GLOSSARY -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 TRANSFORMATIONAL SATELLITE AND SPACE RADAR CHALLENGES -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- CONCLUSION -- RECOMMENDATION FOR EXECUTIVE ACTION -- SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY -- ENCLOSURE I: COMMENTS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE -- ENCLOSURE II: SPACE RADAR BRIEFING SLIDES -- Space Radar -- Briefing Contents -- BACKGROUND -- System Description and Capabilities -- Program Cost and Complexity -- Management and Stakeholders -- Program Status -- Knowledge about Requirements and Resources Should Influence Program Start -- OBJECTIVE -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- PRELIMINARY FINDINGS -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Requirements -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Resources - Technology -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Resources - Technology -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Resources - Cost Sharing -- Challenges Remain - Requirements -- Challenges Remain - Program May Not Have Planned Enough Time -- Comparison of Months between Program Milestones -- Challenges Remain - Program May Not Have Planned Enough Time.

Challenges Remain: Key Risks Need to Be Mitigated -- Examples of Top Risks of the Development Effort -- Challenges Remain: Key Risks Need to be Mitigated -- Challenges Remain - Agreements Need to be Finalized: Cost Sharing -- Challenges Remain - Agreements Need to be Finalized: Roles and Responsibilities -- Challenges Remain - Program Affordability -- Conclusions -- Scope of Work -- Locations for interviews and documentation: -- ENCLOSURE III: TRANSFORMATIONAL SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM (TSAT) -- Transformational Satellite Communications System (TSAT) -- Briefing Contents -- BACKGROUND -- Importance of TSAT -- Importance of TSAT -- Cost, Funding &amp -- Schedule -- Incremental Block Approach -- Acquisition Schedule -- Incremental Block Approach -- OBJECTIVE -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- PRELIMINARY FINDINGS -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Requirements -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Maturing Technology -- Program Has Strived to Close Gaps: Maturing Technology -- Challenges Remain: Early Tests Have Revealed Challenges in Laser Communication -- Challenges Remain: Limited Scalability Testing Adds Risk -- Challenges Remain: Program Faces Inherent Integration Risks -- FINDINGS -- Software Development Schedule Optimistic -- PRELIMINARY FINDINGS -- Challenges Remain: Program May Not Have Planned Enough Time for Networking Activities -- Challenges Remain: Program is Not Able to Fill Critical Technical Positions -- Challenges Remain: Program is Not Able to Fill Critical Technical Positions -- Challenges Remain: Program is Not Able to Fill Critical Technical Positions -- CONCLUSIONS -- SCOPE OF WORK -- GAO'S MISSION -- End Notes -- CHAPTER SOURCES -- INDEX.

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