Bringing down the Iron Curtain : Paradigmatic Change in Research on the Bronze Age in Central and Eastern Europe?

Cover -- Copyright Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents Page -- Bringing down the Iron Curtain: paradigmatic changes -- in research on the Bronze Age in Central and Eastern Europe? Introductory thoughts -- Oliver Dietrich, Laura Dietrich, Anthony Harding, -- Viktória Kiss, Klara Šabatová -- Part 1 -- Paradigmatic change? Views from the subdisciplines of Bronze Age studies -- The Hajdúsámson hoard - revisited -- János Dani - Ernst Pernicka - Gábor Márkus -- Fig. 1: The Hajdúsámson hoard 1 (found in 1907, Photo: Ákos Jurás, Déri Museum, Debrecen). -- Fig. 2: Reconstruction of the arrangement of the Hajdúsámson hoard 1 (MBA weapon hoard, Photo: Ákos Jurás, Déri Museum, Debrecen). -- 1 -- 3 -- Fig. 3: 1-4: Details from the blade of the Hajdúsámson sword (microscopic photos made on a Nikon stereomicroscope by László Csedreki, Institute for Nuclear Research of HAS, Debrecen). -- 2 -- 4 -- Fig. 4: X-ray photos of the Hajdúsámson (1) and Téglás (2) swords (X-ray photos made by Dr. Péter Bágyi, University of Debrecen, Gyula Kenézy Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Radiology). -- Fig. 5: Northern part of Hajdúsámson on the cutout of the handmade map of Georgius Kováts Juratus Geometra from the year 1758: Geometrica delineatio totius terreni possessionis Sámson (source: National Archives of Hungary, Hajdú-Bihar County Archives -- cod -- 1 -- 2 -- Fig. 6: Bronze vessel hoard of Hajdúsámson (Hoard 2, Photo: Ákos Jurás, Déri Museum, Debrecen). -- Fig. 7: The available pieces of the Hajdúsámson Hoard 3 (Photo: Ákos Jurás, Déri Museum, Debrecen). -- Fig. 8: The available pieces of the Hajdúsámson hoard 4 (Photo: Ákos Jurás, Déri Museum, Debrecen). -- Fig. 9: Detail of the 2nd Habsburg military survey with the Bronze Age hoards and find assemblages from the northern part of Hajdúsámson (Graphics and GIS: Gulyás Tímea &amp.

Ortutai Róbert, Déri Museum, Debrecen). -- Fig. 10: Distribution of the so called 'Otomani-Füzesabony Cultural Complex' (ceramic style), of the known cemeteries of the Füzesabony, resp. of the Otomani cultures with the findspots of the Hajdúsámson and Téglás hoards (Graphics and GIS: Gulyás Tímea -- Tab. 1: OES analyses from the SAM Project (after Schubert and Schubert 1967): so-called FA/B Material. -- Tab. 2: Objects investigated at the Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archäometrie gGmbH, Mannheim. -- Fig. 11: Location of Hajdúsámson and major copper mineralisations in central and southeastern Europe together with one minor one (Aibunar) that was already exploited in the fifth millennium BC (mapped by Ernst Pernicka). -- &lt -- DL -- - -- Tab. 3: Overall results of PIXE and ed XRF examinations on the bronzes from Hajdúsámson, Téglás and Vámospércs made by Zs. Török (Laboratory of Ion Beam Application of the ATOMKI, HAS, Debrecen) and E. Pernicka (Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archäometrie gGmbH, -- Under the detection limit -- Not detected -- PIXE data -- ed XRF data -- Tab. 4: Lead isotope ratios in the samples investigated. The precision of measurement is ± 0,005 % for ratios with 206Pb in the denominator and up to ± 0,01 % for 206Pb/204 Pb. -- Fig. 12: Lead isotope ratios of the archaeological objects analyzed (red symbols) and of copper ores from the eastern Alps, the Slovak Ore Mountains, and the Saxo-Bohemian Ore Mountains. Data are taken from Niederschlag et al. (2003), Schreiner (2007) and -- Fig. 13: Concentration of silver and nickel in the archaeological objects analyzed (red symbols) and of copper ores from the eastern Alps and the Slovak Ore Mountains. Data are from Schreiner (2007) and Pernicka et al. (2016). The analytical errors are sm.

Fig. 14: Trace element patterns of copper ores from Kitzbühel, Tirol, and from different lodes in the Mitterberg area in Salzburg, Austria (Lutz et al. 2011). Most objects analyzed in this study (red) match the pattern of the main lode almost perfectly, w -- Fig. 15: Alternative presentation of the lead isotope ratios of the archaeological objects analyzed (red symbols) and of copper ores from Mitterberg and the Slovak Ore Mountains. Data from Schreiner (2007) and for Mitterberg (Pernicka et al. 2016). The an -- Fig. 16: Provenance of the copper for the Hajdúsámson axes, the axe from Vámospércs and the hilt of the Téglás sword from the Mitterberg area in Salzburg. The ore for the blade of the sword and the axe from Téglás may derive from the Hernád/Hron valley in -- Culture or ceramic style? On a long-lived and widely distributed paradigm in Romanian archaeology -- Laura Dietrich -- Oliver Dietrich -- Paradigm change, the Iron Curtain, and bronze artefacts. A view from Romania -- Fig. 1: Models for the formation process of the archaeological record after Eggers (1959) and Schiffer (1987). -- Fig. 2: Earliest evidence for socketed axes in south-eastern Europe (after Dietrich 2015: Fig. 2). -- Cultural layers on lowland settlement sites - accepted or ignored? The case of Bohemia -- Remarks on discussions regarding the 'new paradigm' -- Michal Ernée -- Fig. 1: A-B - Bylany (CZ). Examples of excavated Neolithic houses (archive Institute of Archaeology, Prague, No. FT- -26884 and FT-40257). C - Schwanfeld (Ldkr. Schweinfurt, Germany). Reconstruction of a Neolithic house based on the ground plan of house N.

Fig. 2: A - Dobrovíz (CZ). Ground plan of the excavated multicultural site with thousands of features dated to the Late Bronze Age, and Early Iron Age (Hallstatt Period) to late La Tène Period (after Řídký 2008: 6-7, 50, fig. 2). B - Kněževes (CZ). Ground -- Fig. 3: A - Prague-Libeň (CZ). Part of the stratigraphy dated to the Late Bronze Age (E), Early Iron Age (D), Roman period (C), Early Middle Age (B), Middle Ages (A2) to the Modern period (A1) documented in 1909 by E. Štorch (after Ernée 2008: fig. 4). B- -- Fig. 4: A-B - Prague-Záběhlice (CZ). The density of pottery in the strata of the pit fill, in pieces per m3 (A) and in kg per m3 (B). C-D - Prague-Záběhlice (CZ). Storage pit No. 523 (C) and No. 503 (D). E-F - Prague-Záběhlice (CZ). Features sunk in from -- Fig. 5: A-B - Cortaillod-Est (SUI). The schematic ground plan of the settlement (A -- after Arnold 1990: fig. 24) and the bronze pins found in the cultural layer (B -- after Arnold 1990: fig. 33). C-D - Prague-Krč (CZ). Excavation of the settlement layer of t -- Fig. 6: Prague-Hostivař (CZ). Excavation by P. Kováčik, Archaia Prague, 2004-2006. A - all features identified already in the settlement layer. B - In all features their deepest parts were sunk into the subsoil (after Ernée 2008: fig. 47). -- Research on the Early Iron Age hillfort of Smolenice-Molpír in the Western Carpathians -- Michal Felcan - Roman Pašteka - Susanne Stegmann-Rajtár* -- Fig. 1: a - map of Central Europe with the south-eastern part of the Western Carpathians shown in the rectangle -- b - detail of the Western Carpathian region with Early Iron Age sites (Ha C2-D1) shown (after Müller 2012a: Fig. 240). Illustration: M. Felcan -- Fig. 2: a - LiDAR map of the Smolenice-Molpír hillfort (north-western hillshade) with excavated areas.

b - general view of the hillfort (Ist, IInd, IIIrd compounds) (after Dušek 1974: Fig. 2) -- c - detailed photograph of the preserved part of dry masonry r -- From typochronology to postprocessualism: regional settlement research in the northern part of the Carpathian Basin* -- Klára P. Fischl - Tamás Pusztai -- Fig. 1: Factors in the emergence of tell settlements (after Gogâltan 2006, Fig. 3). -- Fig. 2: Bronze Age research projects in the Carpathian Basin. -- Fig. 3: Research area of the BORBAS project (after Kienlin et al. 2018). -- Fig. 4: Inner structure of the Bronze Age settlements in the study area: a -- Model of the inner structure with a central multi-layer part (1), ditch (2) and outer part with houses (3) and pits (4), b -- 3D Model of Emőd-Nagyhalom, c -- Aerial photograph of Tar -- Fig. 5: Concentric decorations on ceramic and bronze objects of the same period (after P. Fischl and Kertész 2013: Fig. 3). -- Methodological changes in and new approaches to research on the Bronze Age in Bohemia since 1990 -- Luboš Jiráň - Ondřej Chvojka - Tereza Šálková -- On the interpretation of Bronze Age tell settlement in the Carpathian Basin. The Borsod example* -- Tobias L. Kienlin - Klára P. Fischl -- Fig. 1: Szakáld-Testhalom. General view of the site from the south-west with the old bed of the Kerengő stream to the left. -- Fig. 2: Distribution of Hatvan and Füzesabony period settlements on the Borsod Plain and along the foothill zone of the Bükk mountains (filled markings indicating sites with geomagnetic prospection). -- Fig. 3: Mezőcsát-Laposhalom. Greyscale plot of the magnetometer data (+/− 10 nT). -- Fig. 4: Tard-Tatárdomb. Aerial photograph of the site. -- Fig. 5: Tard-Tatárdomb. Greyscale plot of the magnetometer data (+/− 0 nT).

Fig. 6: Hernádnémeti-Németihalom. Greyscale plot of the magnetometer data (+/− 10 nT). The white bars indicate modern disturbances at the periphery of the mound not covered by magnetometry.

Since the fall of communism, archaeological research in Central and Eastern European countries has seen a large influx of new projects and ideas, fueled by bilateral contacts, Europe-wide circulation of scholars and access to research literature. This volume is the first study which relates these issues specifically to Bronze Age Archaeology.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.