The Reputation Society : How Online Opinions Are Reshaping the Offline World.

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword: Trust, Reputation Systems, and the Immune System of Democracy -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Building the Reputation Society -- The Rise and Importance of Online Reputation -- What Kind of World Might Online Reputation Lead To? -- A Look Ahead -- References -- Part I. Understanding Reputation -- Chapter 1. Designing Reputation Systems for the Social Web -- What Is a Reputation System? -- Why Do Social Web Applications Use Reputation Systems? -- What Are the Key Design Decisions of a Reputation System? -- A Case Study: Yelp -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2. Web Reputation Systems and the Real World -- Reputation System Evolution and Challenges -- Potential Solutions -- New Solutions, New Problems -- References -- Chapter 3. An Inquiry into Effective Reputation and Rating Systems -- An Evolutionary Biological Perspective on Reputation -- Bubbles and Runaway Signals -- Blind Referee: Honest Reputation Signals for Fairness -- A Definition of Reputation -- Rating Risks -- Building a Robust Reputation System -- The Power of Digital: Breaking the Cycle of Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II. Regulating Societies -- Chapter 4. The Biology of Reputation -- References -- Chapter 5. Regulating Reputation -- Reputational Information Defined -- Reputation Systems -- Why Reputational Information Matters -- Regulatory Heterogeneity -- System Configurations -- Undersupply of Reputational Information -- Distorted Decision Making from Reputational Information -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6. Less Regulation, More Reputation -- Displacing Statistical Discrimination with Reputation Tracking -- Landlord-Tenant Relations -- Antidiscrimination Law in the Job Market -- Commercial Disputes and Consumer-Oriented Ratings -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III. Amplifying Signals.

Chapter 7. The Role of Reputation Systems in Managing Online Communities -- Rating Systems for Decision Making versus Community Management -- Examples of Socializing Functions of Rating Systems -- Social Science Theory and Explicit versus Implicit Reputation -- Community Mechanisms Enabled by Socializing Functions of Ratings -- Future Directions and Implications -- References -- Chapter 8. Attention Philanthropy: Giving Reputation a Boost -- What Is Attention Philanthropy? -- How Could Reputation Enable More Effective Attention Philanthropy? -- Attention Philanthropy Challenges -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9. Making Use of Reputation Systems in Philanthropy -- Lack of Reputation Information in International Philanthropy -- Factors of a Reputation System: Indices and Signals -- A Reputation System for International NGOs -- Donor Experience and Trust Signals -- Project Updates -- Postcards and Neighborly Advice -- Bad News? -- Elements of an Effective Reputation System -- References -- Part IV. Supporting Science -- Chapter 10. The Measurement and Mismeasurement of Science -- The Problem of Measuring Science -- Three Problems with Centralized Metrics -- One Metric to Rule Them All -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11. Usage-Based Reputation Metrics in Science -- Problems with Journal Impact Factors and Modern Citation Systems -- What Are Usage-Based Metrics? -- Advantages of Usage-Based Metrics: Methodology -- Advantages of Usage-Based Metrics: Implementation -- Recommendation Engines and Collaborative Filtering -- Supplementing with Other Resources Adds Value -- Limitations to Overcome -- Existing Models: Last.fm, Mendeley, PLoS, CiteULike, and ResearchScorecard -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12. Open Access and Academic Reputation -- References -- Part V. Improving Policy.

Chapter 13. Reputation-Based Governance and Making States "Legible" toTheir Citizens -- Legibility of Society and Control -- Legibility of the State and Accountability -- Issues of Governance Design -- The Case of International Aid -- The Road to Legibility of the State -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 14. Trust It Forward: Tyranny of the Majority or Echo Chambers? -- Trust Is a Key Element for Society -- Trust 2.0: Society Moves Online -- Representing Trust -- Reasoning on Trust -- A Change in Perspective: From Global to Local -- Two Extremes of Possible Societies as Shaped by Trust Metrics -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15. Rating in Large-Scale Argumentation Systems -- Enabling Large-Scale Deliberation through Argumentation Technology -- Requirements for Rating in Argument-Based Platforms -- Empirical Evaluations -- Conclusion -- References -- Part VI. The Reputation Society -- Chapter 16. Privacy, Context, and Oversharing: Reputational Challenges in a Web 2.0 World -- Eroding Control over Information Flows -- Web 2.0 and Leakage within Informational Contexts -- Contextual Integrity and Facebook Feeds -- Contexts and Oversharing Online -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17. The Future of Reputation Networks -- Scenario 1, direct-constrained reputation: direct (explicit) ratings that apply only within a constrained community of people -- Scenario 2, direct- universal reputation: direct (explicit) ratings that apply across a nearly universal community of people -- Scenario 3, emergent-constrained reputation: emergent (implicit) ratings that apply only within a constrained community of people -- Scenario 4, emergent-universal reputation: emergent (implicit) ratings that apply across a nearly universal community of people -- Chapter 18. "I Hope You Know This Is Going on Your Permanent Record".

Scenario 1, excerpt from Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom by Cory Doctorow -- Scenario 2, I Hope You Know This Is Going on Your Permanent Record by Madeline Ashby -- References -- Contributors -- Index.

Experts discuss the benefits and risks of online reputation systems.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.