Lithosphere : Geochemistry, Geology and Geophysics.

Intro -- THE LITHOSPHERE: GEOCHEMISTRY,GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS -- THE LITHOSPHERE: GEOCHEMISTRY,GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- THE EARLY EARTH AND FORMATIONOF THE LITHOSPHERE -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Some Remarks on Physical Problems Related to ModelingConditions of Formation and Evolution of the Lithosphere -- 3. Thermal Conditions during the Formation and Evolutionof the Early Earth -- 4. Cooling of the Magma Ocean and Formation of the Lithosphere -- 5. Early Atmosphere and Possible Conditions for the Formationof the Water-Ocean -- Conclusion -- Reference -- CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC LITHOSPHERESTRUCTURE FROM THE LONG-RANGE SEISMICPROFILING -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Lithosphere Structure of the Northern Eurasia -- 2.1. Long-Range Profiling in the Northern Eurasia -- 2.2. The Observed Wave Fields -- 2.3. Methodology of the Wave Field Interpretation and 2-D VelocityModeling -- 3. Deep Seismic Research along the Angola-Brazilian Geotraverse -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Experimental Data -- 3.3. The Composite Seismic Section along the Geotraverse -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- THE FATE OF SUBDUCTED OCEANIC CRUSTAND THE ORIGIN OF INTRAPLATE VOLCANISM -- Abstract -- Development of the Standard Model -- Why Were Two Contrasting Models for the Fate of Subducted OceanicCrust Included? -- A Core-Signature in Intraplate Volcanism? -- Melting Regimes in Plumes -- Consequence: Duplication of Mechanisms -- What if the Marble-Cake and Plume Models Had not BeenCombined? -- A Path Followed Two Decades Later -- Helium Isotopes Re-visited -- Osmium Isotopes and Heterogeneity in the Convecting Mantle -- Production of Pyroxenitic Sources in the Convecting Mantle -- Conclusion -- References -- HELIUM ISOTOPE VARIATIONS ALONG THE NIIGATAKOBETECTONIC ZONE, CENTRAL JAPAN -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction.

2. Analytical Procedures and Results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- VOLATILES IN THE MANTLE LITHOSPHERE:MODES OF OCCURRENCE AND CHEMICALCOMPOSITIONS -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Implications of Mantle Volatiles -- 1.2. Occurrence Modes of Mantle Volatiles -- 1.3. Compositions of Mantle Volatiles -- 2. Samples and Analytical Methods -- 2.1. Representative Samples -- 2.2. Analytical Methods -- 2.3. Improved Online Vacuum Stepwise Heating Method -- 3. Occurrence Modes of Volatiles -- 3.1. Fluid Inclusions -- 3.2. Volatiles in Mineral Structural Defects and Vacancies -- 3.3. Anion Complexes Incorporated in Crystal Structures -- 3.4. The Superimposed Effects of Volatiles in Different Occurrence -- 4. The Redox State and Volatile Species in the Mantle -- 4.1. The Redox State in the Mantle -- 4.2. Volatile Species in the Mantle -- 5. Chemical Compositions of Volatiles in Sub-ContinentalLithospheric Mantle -- 5.1. The Initial Volatiles in the SCLM -- 5.2. The Metasomatic Volatiles in the SCLM -- 5.3. The Origins of Volatiles in the SCLM -- 6. Chemical Compositions of Volatiles in Oceanic Upper Mantle -- 6.1. Modern Oceanic Upper Mantle -- 6.2. Ancient Oceanic Upper Mantle -- 7. Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- DEFORMABLE LITHOSPHERIC PLATES:CONTROLLING ACTION OF NETLIKE PLASTIC-FLOW -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Layered Lithosphere and Netlike Plastic-Flow -- 2.1. The Lithosphere Layered in Terms of Deformation Regime -- 2.2. A Combined Flow Law for NPF -- 2.3. Physical Simulation of NPF -- 2.4. Numerical Simulation of NPF -- 3. NPF-Controlled Tectonic and Seismic Activities in the Central-Eastern Asian Continent -- 3.1. "Plastic-Flow / Seismic" Networks -- 3.2. Distributions of Stress Directions and Strains in the Lithosphere -- 3.3. Multi-layered Tectonic Deformation.

4. Analogue Modeling of NPF-Controlled Tectonic Deformation -- 4.2. Model As153 -- 4.3. The Distribution of Stress Directions and Strains in the Ductile LowerLayer -- 5. Other NPF-Controlled Geological-Geophysical Phenomena -- 5.1. "Plastic-Flow / Magmatic Rock" Networks -- 5.2. "Plastic-Flow / Velocity Anomaly" Networks -- 5.3. NPF-Controlled Distribution of Positive Heat Flow Anomalies -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- ELASTIC-ANELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE AEGEANLITHOSPHERE- ASTHENOSPHERE INFERRED FROMLONG PERIOD RAYLEIGH WAVES -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data Treatment -- 2.1. Phase Velocities Measurements -- 2.2. Attenuation Coefficient Measurements -- 2.3. Inversion for Shear Velocities -- 2.4. Inversion for Qb-1 -- 3. Tomography of Elastic and Anelastic Parameters -- 3.1. Continuous Regionalization -- 3.2. Development of the 3-D shear Velocity and Qb-1 Models -- 4. Resolution Assessment -- 4.1. Resolution Assessment of the Shear Velocity Model -- 4.2. Using Voronoi Diagrams to Assess Anelastic Model Constraint -- 5. Elastic Tomograms -- 6. Anelastic Tomograms -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- SPACE AND TIME VARIATIONS OF ELASTICAND ANELASTIC PROPERTIES IN THE SHALLOWLITHOSPHERE -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Pioneeristic Studies of 4D Variations in Quaternary Volcanoes,Geothermal Fields and Active Faults -- Data and Inversion Methodologies -- New results for Quaternary Volcanoes and Normal Fault Systemsin Italy -- A. The Umbria Marche Normal Faulting Region -- What We Learn about the Lithosphere -- Interpretation of Velocity and Attenuation Anomalies -- Conclusion -- References -- THE MAGNETIC LITHOSPHERE: A NOVEL VIEW -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Lithospheric Signature in the Earth's Magnetic Field -- 2.1. Contributions to the Geomagnetic Field -- 2.2. Geomagnetic Field Representation.

Regional modeling -- 3. Magnetic Surveys and Data Processing -- 3.1. Aeromagnetic Surveys -- 3.2. Marine Magnetic Data -- 3.3. Satellite Magnetic Data -- 3.4. Processing Magnetic Data -- 4. Global Models and Compilations -- 4.1. Lithospheric Models -- 4.2. World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map -- 5. Magnetic Anomalies: A Global Vie -- 5.1. From Continents to Oceans -- 5.2. Induced versus Remanent Magnetizations -- 6. Magnetic Anomalies: Regional Case StudiesIn the following, three case studies are used to illustrate the utility of the -- 6.1. Chicxulub Impact Structure -- 6.2. Beattie Magnetic Anomaly -- 6.3. The Java Trench -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- PALEOSHORELINES AND THE EVOLUTIONOF THE LITHOSPHERE OF MARS -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Paleoshorelines -- Thermal isostasy and Thermal Evolution of the Lithosphere -- Conclusion -- References -- INDEX.

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