Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals.

Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- About the Authors -- 1. History and Current Use of Antimicrobial Drugs in Veterinary Medicine -- INTRODUCTION -- DISCOVERY OF ANTIBIOTICS AND EARLY USAGE -- PRACTICES IN ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG USAGE UNIQUE TO ANIMAL HUSBANDRY -- USE OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS IN ANIMALS -- Food Animals -- Companion Animals -- PUBLIC HEALTH ASPECTS OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG USE IN ANIMALS -- Food Animals -- Companion Animals -- THE EMERGING CONCEPT AND PRACTICE OF ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP IN VETERINARY MEDICINE -- References -- 2. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Bacteria of Veterinary Origin -- INTRODUCTION -- Historical Perspective -- AST METHODS -- ADD Method -- MIC Methods -- Antimicrobial Combination (Checkerboard) Test Methods -- QC and Test Standardization -- REPORTING OF AST RESULTS -- Cumulative AST Data -- Class Testing -- ESTABLISHMENT OF VETERINARY-SPECIFIC INTERPRETIVE CRITERIA -- MIC Distribution Data -- PK/PD Data -- Clinical Outcome Data -- Re-Evaluation of Clinical Breakpoints -- ROLE OF AST FOR CLINICAL OUTCOME -- Testing Timing -- Correlation of AST Results with Clinical Outcome -- Factors Impacting the Relationship Between In Vitro Result and Clinical Outcomes -- ROLE OF SURVEILLANCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP -- EPIDEMIOLOGIC CUT-OFF VALUES -- FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND TRENDS -- References -- 3. Molecular Methods for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance -- INTRODUCTION -- PCR -- DNA MICROARRAY TECHNOLOGY -- WGS ANALYSIS TO DETECT AMR -- Current Technologies and Bioinformatic Tools -- ResFinder -- CARD -- ARG-ANNOT -- KmerResistance -- SRST2 -- MALDI-TOF MS IN RELATION TO AMR -- Species Identification and Targeted Antimicrobial Treatment -- Direct Detection of AMR Determinants.

Detection of Antimicrobial Biomolecules and their Degradation Products -- DISCUSSION -- References -- 4. Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents -- INTRODUCTION -- RESISTANCE TO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS -- CONCLUSION -- References -- 5. Resistance to Metals Used in Agricultural Production -- INTRODUCTION -- USE OF METAL COMPOUNDS IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Copper -- Zinc -- Other Metallic Compounds for Therapeutic Purposes -- Effect of Supplementation on Microflora and Organs -- Usage Data and Distribution -- Environmental Concerns from Use of Metals in Agriculture: Metal Ecotoxicity -- Alternatives -- DETECTION OF HEAVY METAL RESISTANCE -- MECHANISMS OF METAL HOMEOSTASIS AND RESISTANCE -- Copper -- Zinc -- Copper and Zinc Resistance Determinants: Link to Bacterial Virulence -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 6. Resistance of Bacteria to Biocides -- BIOCIDE USAGE -- BIOCIDE RESISTANCE: A QUESTION OF DEFINITIONS -- OCCURRENCE OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO BIOCIDES -- MECHANISMS OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE -- Mechanisms that Decrease the Concentration of Antimicrobials in Bacteria -- Physiological and Metabolic Changes -- Mutations -- INDUCTION OF GENE EXPRESSION CONFERRING BACTERIAL RESISTANCE -- CROSS-RESISTANCE -- MEASURING BACTERIAL RESISTANCE -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 7. Antimicrobial Resistance among Staphylococci of Animal Origin -- INTRODUCTION -- RESISTANCE TO β-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS -- RESISTANCE TO TETRACYCLINES -- RESISTANCE TO PHENICOLS -- RESISTANCE TO AMINOGLYCOSIDES -- RESISTANCE TO AMINOCYCLITOLS -- RESISTANCE TO STREPTOTHRICINS -- RESISTANCE TO MACROLIDES, LINCOSAMIDES, AND STREPTOGRAMINS -- Combined Resistance to MLSB -- Combined Resistance to Macrolides and Streptogramin B -- Resistance to Macrolides Only -- Resistance to Lincosamides Only -- Resistance to Streptogramin A Only.

Resistance to Streptogramin B Only -- RESISTANCE TO PLEUROMUTILINS -- RESISTANCE TO OXAZOLIDINONES -- RESISTANCE TO TRIMETHOPRIM -- RESISTANCE TO FUSIDIC ACID -- RESISTANCE TO MUPIROCIN -- FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE -- RIFAMPICIN RESISTANCE -- MISCELLANEOUS RESISTANCE PROPERTIES -- RESISTANCE DATA OF ANIMAL STAPHYLOCOCCI -- CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES -- References -- 8. Antimicrobial Resistance in Streptococcus spp. -- TAXONOMIC OVERVIEW OF STREPTOCOCCI -- Group A -- Group B -- Group D -- Group E -- Groups C and G -- Group R -- Non-Lancefield Streptococci -- EVOLUTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN VETERINARY STREPTOCOCCI -- Monitoring Programs -- Different Methodologies to Determine Antibiotic Resistance -- Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Netherlands -- RESAPATH, the Ongoing French Monitoring Program -- RESISTANCE TO MACROLIDES, LINCOSAMIDES, AND STREPTOGRAMIN B -- Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Streptogramins B Resistance Determina -- Prevalence of Resistance to Macrolides among Streptococci of Bovine Origin -- Prevalence of Resistance to Macrolides among Streptococci of Porcine Origin -- Prevalence of Resistance to Macrolides among Streptococci from Non-Food-Producing Animals -- TETRACYCLINES -- Tetracycline Resistance Determinants -- Prevalence of Tetracycline Resistance among Streptococci of Bovine or Ovine Origin -- Prevalence of Tetracycline Resistance among Streptococci of Porcine Origin -- Tetracycline Resistance among Other Streptococci -- BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE -- Beta-Lactam Resistance in Streptococci -- Phenotypic Reports on Beta-Lactam Activity in Bovine Mastitis -- Beta-Lactam Resistance Outside the Context of Cattle Mastitis -- FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE -- Fluoroquinolone-Resistance Phenotypes -- ROLE OF THE ICES IN THE EVOLUTION OF RESISTANCE -- CONCLUSION -- References.

9. Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterococcus spp. of animal origin -- INTRODUCTION -- DIVERSITY OF ENTEROCOCCAL SPECIES IN THE ANIMAL INTESTINAL TRACT -- ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN ENTEROCOCCI OF ANIMALS AND FOODS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN -- Beta-Lactam Resistance -- Glycopeptide Resistance -- Origin of vancomycin resistance -- Resistance to Linezolid -- Resistance to Aminoglycosides -- Resistance to Tetracycline -- Resistance to Macrolides/Lincosamines/Streptogramins -- Resistance to Quinolones -- MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF ENTEROCOCCI IN FARM AND COMPANION ANIMALS -- E. faecium -- E. faecalis -- PLASMIDS IN ENTEROCOCCI FROM FOODBORNE AND COMPANION ANIMALS -- Plasmids Conferring Resistance to Glycopeptides -- Plasmids Conferring Resistance to Macrolides, Streptogramins, and Lincosamides -- Plasmids Conferring Resistance to Phenicols and Oxazolidinones -- Plasmids Conferring Resistance to Bacitracin -- Plasmids Conferring Resistance to Copper -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- References -- 10. Antimicrobial Resistance in Rhodococcus equi -- INTRODUCTION -- IN VITRO ACTIVITY -- In vitro Susceptibility Testing of R. equi -- MIC and MBC of Drugs Used Against R. equi -- Mutant Prevention Concentration (MPC) -- Activity of Drugs Against Intracellular R. equi -- EMERGENCE OF RESISTANCE TO MACROLIDES AND RIFAMPIN IN ISOLATES FROM HORSES -- MOLECULAR BASIS OF DRUG RESISTANCE -- Macrolides, Lincosamides, and Streptogramin B -- Rifampin -- Fluoroquinolones -- Other Antimicrobial Agents -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 11. Antimicrobial Resistance in Listeria Species -- INTRODUCTION TO THE GENUS LISTERIA AND SPECIES -- LISTERIA SPECIES IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS AND THE FARM ENVIRONMENT -- OVERVIEW OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF LISTERIOSIS -- LISTERIOSIS IN FOOD-PRODUCING AND OTHER ANIMALS AND IN HUMANS -- Listeriosis in Food-Producing Domestic Ruminants.

Listeriosis in Other Animals -- Listeriosis in Humans -- CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ANIMAL AND HUMAN LISTERIOSIS -- RESISTANCE OF LISTERIA SPECIES TO DIFFERENT ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS -- Antibiotics -- Biocides -- Heavy Metals -- MOBILE GENETIC ELEMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN LISTERIA SPECIES -- Transposons -- Plasmids -- EFFLUX PUMPS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN LISTERIA SPECIES -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- References -- 12. Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal Salmonella -- BACKGROUND -- THE BURDEN OF SALMONELLOSIS -- TREATMENT OF SALMONELLOSIS -- ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN SALMONELLA FROM THE UNITED STATES -- ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN EUROPE -- RESISTANCE IN OTHER REGIONS -- ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANT SALMONELLA FROM COMPANION ANIMALS -- ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE GENES -- THE IMPACT OF ROUTINE WHOLE-GENOME SEQUENCING -- Fluoroquinolone Resistance -- Beta-lactamase Resistance -- Macrolide Resistance -- Trimethoprim-Sulfonamide Resistance -- Tetracycline Resistance -- Aminoglycoside Resistance -- Phenicol Resistance -- Colistin Resistance -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- References -- 13. Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli -- INTRODUCTION -- E. COLI IN ANIMALS: A PATHOGENIC AND A COMMENSAL BACTERIUM -- RESISTANCE TO β-LACTAMS -- Clavulanic-Acid Inhibited Class A ESBLs -- Acquired AmpC Cephalosporinases -- Acquired Carbapenemases -- RESISTANCE TO QUINOLONES AND FLUOROQUINOLONES -- Resistance to (Fluoro)Quinolones by Chromosomal Target Site Mutations -- Resistance to (Fluoro)Quinolones by Plasmid-Borne Resistance Mechanisms -- RESISTANCE TO AMINOGLYCOSIDES -- Resistance to Aminoglycosides by Target Modifications -- Resistance to Aminoglycosides by Enzymatic Inactivation -- RESISTANCE TO FOSFOMYCIN -- RESISTANCE TO TETRACYCLINES -- RESISTANCE TO PHENICOLS.

RESISTANCE TO SULFONAMIDES AND TRIMETHOPRIM.

The global spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria is a continuing challenge to the health care of humans and domesticated animals. With no new agents on the horizon, it is imperative to use antimicrobial agents wisely to preserve their future efficacy.Led by Editors Stefan Schwarz, Lina Maria Cavaco, and Jianzhong Shen with Frank Møller Aarestrup, an international team of experts in antimicrobial resistance of livestock and companion animals has created this valuable reference for veterinary students and practitioners as well as researchers and decision makers interested in understanding and preventing antimicrobial resistance.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.