Infectious Pregnancy Complications.

Intro -- INFECTIOUS PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS -- INFECTIOUS PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Complications of Infections in Pregnancy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Pre-Pregnancy Counselling and Antenatal Screening -- Effects of Hyperthermia in Pregnancy -- Investigation of Infection in Pregnant Women -- Possible or Confirmed Exposure -- Presentation with Symptoms -- Sexually Transmitted Infections -- Chlamydia -- Gonorrhea -- Hepatitis -- Hepatitis A -- Hepatitis B -- Hepatitis C -- Herpes Simplex Virus -- Human Immunodeficiency Virus -- Human Papillomavirus -- Genital Warts -- Syphilis -- Vaginal Infections -- Perinatal Viral and Parasitic Infections -- Cytomegalovirus -- Parvovirus B19 -- Varicella Zoster Virus -- Toxoplasmosis -- Rubella (German Measles) -- Urinary Tract Infection -- Malaria in Pregnancy -- Tuberculosis in Pregnancy -- Typhoid Fever (Enteric Fever, Salmonella Typhi) -- Intraamniotic Infection -- Appendicitis in Pregnancy -- Acute Cholecystitis in Pregnancy -- Meningitis in Pregnancy -- Listeria -- Puerperal Fever -- Endometritis -- Puerperal Mastitis -- Episiotomy Infection -- Cesarean Wound Infections -- Necrotic Fasciitis -- Urinary Tract Infections -- Septic Pelvic Thrombophlebitis -- Miscellaneous -- Vaccines in Pregnancy -- Which Vaccines Should Pregnant Women Avoid -- Diagnostic Imaging in Pregnancy -- X-Ray Exposure -- Ultrasonography -- Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- Nuclear Medicine -- Guidelines -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Infection Related Recurrent Late Abortions and Preterm Birth: Early Total Cervix Occlusion (ETCO) Versus Cerclage -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Infection as Cause for Late Abortion and Prematurity -- Recurrence Risk of Premature Births -- The Terms "Cervical Incompetence" and "Cervical Insufficiency" -- Cerclage -- History -- Indications and Results.

ETCO -- History -- ETCO as Preventive Measure -- Definitions -- Indications and Contraindication -- Preoperative Diagnostics and Measures -- Choice of Clinical Department and Informing the Patient -- Screening for Infections and Pap-Test -- Pre-Operative Disinfection -- Egg-Pole Lavage (EPL, Isthmical Lavage) as Immediate Preoperative Diagnostic -- Operation Technique -- Ligature with the loop instrument -- Removal of the epithelium -- Stitching Techniques -- Measures at the End of Pregnancy -- Results -- Multiple Pregnancy and ETCO -- ETCO versus Cerclage -- Randomized Trials - Ethical Questions -- Conclusion -- Further Information -- References -- Chapter 3 Virulence of Influenza Virus on Human Fetal Membrane Tissues -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Overview of Influenza Infection -- 2.1. Epidemics and Pandemics of Influenza -- 2.2. Virology -- 2.3. Viremia and Systemic Infection -- 2.4. Clinical and Pathological Manifestations -- 3. Influenza Virus Infection during Pregnancy -- 3.1. Influence of Influenza Virus on Pregnant Woman and Fetus -- 3.2. Placental and Fetal Infection -- 4. Virulence of Influenza Virus on Human Fetal Membrane Tissues -- 4.1. Implication of Apoptosis in Pathology of Membrane Rupture -- 4.2. Induction of Apoptosis in Fetal Membrane Chorion Cells by Influenza Virus Infection -- 4.3. Implication of Macrophage Activation in Pathology of Membrane Rupture -- 4.4. Secretion of Monocyte Differentiation-Inducing (MDI) Factor from Fetal Membrane Chorion Cells after Influenza Virus Infection -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 4 Serological Response to Rubella, Herpes Simplex 2 and Cytomegalovirus in Pregnant Women with Unexplained Recurrent Abortions -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Appendicitis during Pregnancy: A Serious Disease and a Diagnostic Problem.

Abstract -- Introduction -- History -- Incidence -- Anatomical Appendiceal Displacement -- Diagnostic Features -- Infectious Signs and Laboratory Testing -- Radiological Imaging -- Treatment Strategy and Outcome -- Maternal Morbidity and Mortality and Fetal Loss -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Mediastinal End Subcutaneous Emphysema as a Complication of Labor -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Objective -- Description of the Case -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7 Program for the Prevention of Infection-Related Premature Births: The Role of the Lactobacilli System and Vaginal pH -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Causes of Premature Birth and Late Abortions -- Infection as Main Cause for Late Abortions and Early Premature Births -- Ascending Genital and Intrauterine Infections -- Genital Infections -- Other Infections -- Role of Lactobacilli -- Importance of pH Measurement -- Normal Flora - Disturbed Milieu - Bacterial Vaginosis and other Infection -- Our Prematurity-Prevention Program -- Overview -- Screening for Pre-Infection or Infection Signs -- Treatment -- Disturbances of the Vaginal Milieu -- Bacterial Vaginosis -- Specific Urogenital Infections -- Systemic Infections -- Periodontal Disease -- Self-Care Program for Pregnant Women -- Results -- Pre-Evaluation -- Results from Our Self-Care Program -- Results from Other Places -- When to Start -- Pregnancies with Increased Risk -- Recurrent Late Abortions or Preterm Births -- Multiple Pregnancies -- Other Prematurity Prevention Strategies -- Other Diagnostic Measures -- Cascade of the Infectiological Prematurity Process -- Conclusion -- Further Information -- References -- Chapter 8 Challenges for the Management of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Resource Constrained Settings -- Abstract -- The Scale of the Problem.

Untreated HIV in Pregnancy Leads to Poorer Maternal And Infant Outcomes -- HIV Testing is increased By Comprehensive Counselling, PMTCT Availability, and Opt-Out Testing Strategies -- Repeat Testing in Late Pregnancy May Be Important to Detect Primary HIV Infection -- Mother to Child Transmission (MTCT) of HIV -- Antiretrovirals for Women in a Resource-Rich Setting -- ART Regimens Including Pis May Predispose to an Increased Risk of Preterm Delivery -- Antiretrovirals for Women in a Resource-Poor Setting -- 1. Antepartum Arvs Alone Reduce Peripartum MTCT -- 2. Intrapartum Nevirapine is Effective but Associated with NVP Resistance Mutations -- 3. Nevirapine Resistance May Be Reduced By the Use of Antiretroviral "Tails" or Avoidance of Maternal Single Dose Nevirapine -- 4. Additional Short Course Neonatal Prophylaxis Is Superior to Sd-NVP Alone -- Breastfeeding Interventions -- 1. Exclusive Breastfeeding Reduces the Risk of Postpartum Vertical Transmission -- 2. Prolonged Breastfeeding Increases the Risk Of MTCT But Rapid Cessation of Breastfeeding May Be Associated with Increased Infant Mortality -- 3. Longer Neonatal Prophylaxis Significantly Reduces the Risk of Postnatal Transmission Through Breastfeeding -- 4. Post Partum Maternal Prophylaxis is Likely to Reduce the Risk of Postnatal Transmission in a Breastfeeding Population -- Co-Morbidity with Malaria, Anaemia, and Tuberculosis Results in Poor Outcomes -- Effective Health-Care Systems are Crucial if Women are to Access Appropriate Treatment -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 9 Impact of Materno-Placental Malaria, Anaemia and HIV Infection on Perinatal Outcome in Nigeria -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Malaria in Pregnancy -- Placental Malaria -- Diagnosis of Placental Malaria -- Characteristics of Malaria Infected Placenta -- Effects of Malaria on Maternal Health -- Maternal Age -- Parity.

Peripheral Malaria Infection -- Maternal Anaemia -- Placental Malaria and Perinatal Outcome -- Low Birth Weight -- Neonatal Anthropometric Parameters -- Fetal Anaemia -- Perinatal Mortality -- Malaria and HIV Coinfection in Pregnancy -- Interactions in Pregnancy -- The Effect of HIV on Malaria during Pregnancy -- Estimating the Magnitude of the Impact of HIV on the Burden of Malaria in Pregnancy -- Impact of Co-Infection with Malaria and HIV on Pregnancy Outcome -- Malaria and ABO Blood Group -- Malaria and Haemoglobin Genotype -- Relevance of the Research -- Project Aim and Specific Objectives -- Materials and Methods -- Study Area -- Ethical Considerations -- Study Population/Sampling Technique -- Screening at the Labour Ward -- Strategies to Keep Variables Constant -- Laboratory Analysis -- Malaria Parasite Microscopy Technique -- Determination of Haemoglobin Concentration (HBC) and Packed Cell Volume PCV) -- Determination of Haemoglobin Genotype -- Determination of ABO Blood Group -- Data and Statistical Analysis -- Results -- Demographic Parameters and Characteristics of Women Studied -- Demographic Parameters and Characteristics of Babies Studied -- The Prevalence of Malaria Infection in Relation to Maternal Age, Parity, ANC Attendance and HIV Infection -- Prevalence Peripheral Malaria in relation to Maternal Demographic and Haematological Parameters -- Prevalence Maternal Peripheral Malaria, HIV Infection and Parity in relation to Neonatal Birthweight -- Association of Neonatal Birthweight and Haematological Parameters -- Prevalence Placental Malaria in Relation to Maternal Peripheral Malaria, Placental Weight, Neonatal Birthweight and Anthropometric Parameters -- Prevalence Maternal Peripheral Malaria, Parity, HIV Infection and Haemoglobin levels in relation to Neonatal (Fetal) Anaemia -- Discussion.

Effects of Malaria and HIV Infection on Maternal Parameters at Childbirth and on Birthweight.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.