Venomous Animals and Their Venoms : Venomous Invertebrates.

Front Cover -- Venomous Invertebrates -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Contents of Other Volumes -- Introduction -- PART 1: VENOMOUS INSECTS -- Chapter 44. Morphology and Function of the Venom Apparatus of Insects-Bees, Wasps, Ants, and Caterpillars -- I. Introduction -- II. The Sting Apparatus of Aculeate Hymenoptera -- III. The Urticating Hairs of Lepidopterous Larvae -- References -- Chapter 45. Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Bee, Wasp, and Hornet Venoms -- I. Introductory Remarks -- II. Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Single Venom Constituents -- III. Possible Hazards for Man and Their Prevention -- References -- Chapter 46. The Venomous Ants of the Genus Solenopsis -- I. Introduction -- II. Systematics -- III. Biological Cycle of Solenopsis saevissima richteri -- References -- Chapter 47. Pharmacological Studies on Caterpillar Venoms -- I. Historical Data on Lepidopterism -- II. Urticating Caterpillars -- III. Venom Apparatus -- IV. Pharmacology of Extracts from Caterpillar Setae -- References -- Chapter 48. Poisoning from Adult Moths and Caterpillars -- I. Introduction -- II. Lepidopterism -- III. The Poisonous Lepidoptera -- IV. Ecology -- V. Symptomatology of Lepidopterism -- VI. Prevention and Treatment of Lepidopterism -- VII. Erucism -- VIII. Poisonous Caterpillars -- IX. Ecology -- X. Symptomatology of Erucism -- XI. Prevention and Treatment of Erucism -- References -- Chapter 49. Lepidopterism in Brazil -- I. History -- II. Species -- III. Clinical Symptoms -- IV. Pathology -- V. Treatment -- References -- PART 2: VENOMOUS CENTIPEDES, SPIDERS, AND SCORPIONS -- Chapter 50. Venomous Chilopods or Centipedes -- I. Introduction -- II. Description, Classification, Distribution, and Biology of Scolopendromorpha -- III. Venom Apparatus and Toxicity of Scolopendromorph Venoms.

References -- Chapter 51. Spiders -- I. Introduction -- II. The Morphology of Spiders -- III. The Classification of Venomous Spiders -- IV. Description, Distribution, and Biology of Dangerous Species -- V. Defense against Dangerous Spiders -- VI. The Venom Apparatus of Spiders -- VII. Extraction and Toxicity of Spider Venoms -- References -- Chapter 52. Phoneutria nigriventer Venom-Pharmacology and Biochemistry of Its Components -- I. Crude Venom Pharmacology -- II. Biochemistry of the Phoneutria nigriventer Venom -- References -- Chapter 53. Latrodectism in Mediterranean Countries, Including South Russia, Israel, and North Africa -- I. Introduction and Symtomatology -- II. Kinds of Latrodectus in Mediterranean Areas -- III. History -- IV. Epidemiology of Latrodectism -- V. Spread of Latrodectism in Single Mediterranean Countries -- VI. Folklore Treatment of Latrodectism in Mediterranean Areas -- References -- Chapter 54. Chemical and Pharmacological Properties of Tityus Venoms -- I. Introduction -- II. Toxicity and Symptoms of Intoxication -- III. Chemistry of the Venoms -- IV. Pharmacological Properties -- V. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 55. Classification, Biology, and Venom Extraction of Scorpions -- I. Introduction -- II. Morphology, Classification, and Distribution -- III. Biology of Scorpions -- IV. Extraction and Toxicity of Scorpion Venoms -- References -- Chapter 56. Scorpionism in the Old World -- I. History -- II. Geographic Distribution of Dangerous Scorpions -- III. The Venom -- IV. Experimental Study of Toxicity -- V. Envenomation in Man -- VI. Pathological Physiology -- VII. Treatment -- References -- PART 3: VENOMOUS MOLLUSKS -- Chapter 57. Mollusks-Classification, Distribution, Venom Apparatus and Venoms, Symptomatology of Stings -- I. Introduction -- II. Poison Cone Shells -- III. Octopuses -- References.

PART 4: VENOMOUS COELENTERATES, ECHINODERMS, AND ANNELIDS -- Chapter 58. Venomous Coelenterates: Hydroids, Jellyfishes, Corals, and Sea Anemones -- I. Introduction -- II. List of Representative Venomous Coelenterates -- III. Nature of Coelenterate Venoms, Medical Aspects -- References -- Chapter 59. Venomous Echinoderms and Annelids: Starfishes, Sea Urchins, Sea Cucumbers, and Segmented Worms -- I. Echinoderms -- II. Venomous Annelids -- References -- Chapter 60. Animal Venoms in Therapy -- I. Introduction -- II. Snake Venoms -- III. Toad Venoms -- IV. Spider Venoms -- V. Bee Venom -- VI. Venom Combinations -- VII. Appendix: Snake Venoms as Anticoagulants -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

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