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Australian Freshwater Ecology : Processes and Management.

By: Material type: TextTextSeries: New York Academy of Sciences SeriesPublisher: Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2014Copyright date: ©2014Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (388 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9781118568194
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Australian Freshwater EcologyDDC classification:
  • 577.68099400000006
LOC classification:
  • QH197 .A97 2014
Online resources:
Contents:
Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- About this book -- About the companion website -- PART I: Processes in Aquatic Ecosystems -- CHAPTER 1: Australian waters: diverse, variable and valuable -- 1.1 The Challenge for Aquatic Ecologists -- 1.2 Defining Some Common Terms -- 1.3 Australian Inland Waters: Their Diversity and Distribution -- 1.4 The Water Regime: 'Where, When and to What Extent Water is Present' -- 1.4.1 Water budgets, scale issues and human influences on water regimes -- 1.4.2 Components of the water regime -- 1.4.3 Water regime variability -- 1.5 Linkages in Aquatic Ecosystems: from Molecular Bonds to Global Exchanges -- 1.5.1 Wonderful water and its molecular linkages -- 1.5.2 Linkages at the catchment scale -- 1.5.3 Linkages at the global scale: the hydrological cycle -- 1.5.4 Continental linkages and surface waters in Australia -- 1.5.5 Continental linkages and groundwaters in Australia -- 1.6 The Structure of This Book -- CHAPTER 2: Physical processes in standing waters -- 2.1 Depth and Physical Processes -- 2.2 Let There Be Light ... -- 2.2.1 Light reaching the water surface -- 2.2.2 Light below the water surface -- 2.2.3 Seeing through water: Secchi discs and quantum sensors -- 2.3 The Euphotic Zone -- 2.4 Light and Life -- 2.5 Temperature and Stratification -- 2.5.1 Causes of stratification -- 2.6 Using Circulation Patterns to Classify Standing Waters -- 2.7 Ecological Implications of the Different Types of Stratification and Mixing -- 2.8 Deep Versus Shallow Standing Waters: Depth Matters -- 2.8.1 How deep standing waters form -- 2.8.2 How shallow standing waters form -- 2.9 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 3: Chemical processes in standing waters -- 3.1 'There's a Certain Chemistry ...' -- 3.2 Dissolved Gases -- 3.2.1 Oxygen -- 3.2.2 Carbon dioxide -- 3.2.3 Hydrogen -- 3.2.4 Methane -- 3.3 Sources of Ions.
3.4 Ionic Composition of Australian Standing Waters -- 3.5 Conductivity, Salinity and Total Dissolved Solids -- 3.6 Ionic Composition and Trophic State -- 3.6.1 Some common anions -- 3.6.2 Some common cations -- 3.7 Redox Reactions and Redox Potential -- 3.8 Redox Reactions and Some Common Metals -- 3.9 Nutrients, Nutrient Limitation and Ecological Stoichiometry -- 3.9.1 Phosphorus -- 3.9.2 Nitrogen -- 3.9.3 Carbon -- 3.10 Water Regime, Drying and Water Chemistry -- 3.10.1 What happens to water chemistry during a wetting-drying cycle? -- 3.11 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 4: Biological processes in standing waters -- 4.1 Biological Players on a Physical and Chemical Stage -- 4.2 Major Ecological Zones and Habitats -- 4.3 Blurred Boundaries and Mobile Assemblages -- 4.4 Trophic Groups and Sources of Energy -- 4.5 Producers -- 4.5.1 An ecological classification of producers -- 4.5.2 Microscopic aquatic plants -- 4.5.3 Macroscopic aquatic plants -- 4.5.4 Plants living in water: benefits and constraints -- 4.5.5 Alternative states: changes in plant dominance in shallow waterbodies -- 4.6 Consumers -- 4.6.1 Decomposers: the importance of microbes and fungi -- 4.6.2 Invertebrate detritivores -- 4.6.3 Invertebrate herbivores -- 4.6.4 Invertebrate carnivores -- 4.6.5 Vertebrate herbivores -- 4.6.6 Vertebrate carnivores -- 4.6.7 Predation and trophic cascades -- 4.6.8 Trophic cascades and biomanipulation -- 4.6.9 How vertebrates use waterbodies: linkages and subsidies -- 4.7 Biological Processes in Temporary Standing Waters -- 4.8 Biological Processes in Saline Standing Waters -- 4.9 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 5: Physical processes in running waters -- 5.1 Flow and the Diversity of Running Waters -- 5.2 Scale, Ecological Hierarchies and Networks -- 5.3 A Hierarchical Classification of Physical Features -- 5.3.1 Physical features and channel flows.
5.4 Hydrology and Stream Flow -- 5.4.1 Measuring discharge -- 5.4.2 Measuring current velocity -- 5.5 Hydrographs, Catchment Characteristics and Groundwater Interactions -- 5.6 Flow Variability and its Implications -- 5.7 The Physical Process of Transport -- 5.7.1 The sources of sediment -- 5.7.2 Sediment particle size and distribution -- 5.7.3 Current velocity, erosion and transport -- 5.7.4 Sediment dynamics and channel form -- 5.7.5 Floodplain sedimentation and billabong formation -- 5.8 River Profiles and Longitudinal Changes in Physical Features -- 5.9 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 6: Chemical processes in running waters -- 6.1 The Complex Web of Factors -- 6.2 Dissolved Gases -- 6.3 Ionic Composition of Australian Rivers -- 6.4 Sources of Ions -- 6.5 Nutrients and Nutrient Spiralling -- 6.5.1 Transport and retention of nutrients -- 6.6 Carbon and Organic Matter -- 6.6.1 Dissolved organic matter in rivers -- 6.6.2 Solute processes: dissolved substances in running waters -- 6.7 Longitudinal Changes in Chemical Features -- 6.8 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 7: Biological processes in running waters -- 7.1 Factors Affecting Biological Processes at Various Scales -- 7.2 Zones and Habitats: Parallels and Contrasts with Standing Waters -- 7.3 Living with Flow -- 7.4 Sources of Energy in Running Waters -- 7.4.1 Producers -- 7.4.2 The distribution of different life-forms of producers -- 7.4.3 Open-water producers in large rivers -- 7.4.4 Classifying consumers in running waters -- 7.4.5 Invertebrate herbivores -- 7.4.6 Invertebrate carnivores -- 7.4.7 Vertebrate herbivores -- 7.4.8 Vertebrate carnivores -- 7.4.9 Decomposers -- 7.4.10 Functional feeding groups -- 7.5 The Fate of a Dead Eucalypt Leaf that Falls into a Stream ... -- 7.6 Conceptual Models of Running-Water Ecosystems -- 7.7 The Role of Disturbance -- 7.7.1 Post-disturbance recolonization processes.
7.7.2 Recolonization, dispersal and biogeography in Australian running waters -- 7.7.3 Setting the biogeographic scene: ancient rocks, variable climates -- 7.7.4 Some biogeographic patterns in Australian inland waters -- 7.8 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 8: Groundwater processes and management -- 8.1 Out of Sight, Out of Mind? -- 8.2 An Integrated Definition of Groundwaters -- 8.3 Physical Processes in Groundwaters -- 8.3.1 Groundwater discharge, permeability, porosity and Darcy's Law -- 8.3.2 Physical processes between groundwaters and surface waters -- 8.3.3 Groundwater temperature -- 8.4 Chemical Processes in Groundwaters -- 8.4.1 Principal chemical processes in groundwater -- 8.4.2 Chemical processes along gradients of dissolved oxygen -- 8.5 Biological Processes in Groundwaters -- 8.5.1 Groundwater microbiology -- 8.5.2 Buried treasures in Australia: groundwater invertebrates and fishes -- 8.5.3 Biodiversity and ecology of Australian groundwater fauna -- 8.5.4 Physical, chemical and biological drivers of groundwater ecological processes -- 8.5.5 Groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) -- 8.6 Management Issues in Australian Groundwaters -- 8.7 Ecosystem Services and Conservation of Australian Groundwaters -- 8.8 Synthesis -- PART II: Management of Aquatic Ecosystems -- CHAPTER 9: Management issues: water regime -- 9.1 'When the Well is Dry ...' -- 9.2 Changes to Water Regimes by Humans in Australia: A Brief History -- 9.2.1 Changing water regime, changing processes -- 9.3 Diverse Impoundments with Diverse Effects -- 9.3.1 Impoundments as ecological barriers -- 9.3.2 Impoundments and estuaries -- 9.4 Ecological Effects of Water Extraction -- 9.4.1 Ecological effects of drainage and irrigation -- 9.4.2 Ecological effects of inter-basin transfers -- 9.4.3 Ecological effects of urbanization -- 9.5 Water Regimes and Environmental Watering.
9.5.1 Environmental watering: ecological objectives and outcomes -- 9.5.2 Environmental watering: risks and tactics -- 9.6 'Breaking Down the Barriers': Fishways and Dam Removal -- 9.7 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 10: Management issues: physical features -- 10.1 Changing Physical Features, Changing Processes -- 10.2 Human Activities and the Physical Environment -- 10.2.1 Human changes to catchments -- 10.2.2 Human changes to basins and channels -- 10.3 Sedimentation: A Physical Process with Negative Fallout -- 10.3.1 Human activities and sedimentation -- 10.3.2 Ecological effects of sedimentation -- 10.3.3 Management of sedimentation -- 10.4 Physical Processes and Land-Water Interfaces -- 10.4.1 Ecological roles of fringing and riparian zones -- 10.4.2 Threats to land-water interfaces -- 10.4.3 Management of land-water interfaces -- 10.5 Recovering Natural Physical Complexity -- 10.6 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 11: Management issues: water quality -- 11.1 What Is Water Quality? -- 11.2 Managing Water Quality -- 11.3 Eutrophication -- 11.3.1 Natural and anthropogenic eutrophication -- 11.3.2 Drivers, stressors and processes of eutrophication -- 11.3.3 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.3.4 Management of eutrophication -- 11.4 Salinization -- 11.4.1 Natural and anthropogenic salinization -- 11.4.2 Drivers, stressors and processes of salinization -- 11.4.3 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.4.4 Management of salinization -- 11.5 Acidification -- 11.5.1 Natural and anthropogenic acidification -- 11.5.2 Drivers, stressors and processes of acidification -- 11.5.3 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.5.4 Management of acidification -- 11.6 Pollution -- 11.6.1 Drivers, stressors and processes of pollution -- 11.6.2 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.6.3 Management of pollution.
11.7 Water Quality Guidelines.
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Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- About this book -- About the companion website -- PART I: Processes in Aquatic Ecosystems -- CHAPTER 1: Australian waters: diverse, variable and valuable -- 1.1 The Challenge for Aquatic Ecologists -- 1.2 Defining Some Common Terms -- 1.3 Australian Inland Waters: Their Diversity and Distribution -- 1.4 The Water Regime: 'Where, When and to What Extent Water is Present' -- 1.4.1 Water budgets, scale issues and human influences on water regimes -- 1.4.2 Components of the water regime -- 1.4.3 Water regime variability -- 1.5 Linkages in Aquatic Ecosystems: from Molecular Bonds to Global Exchanges -- 1.5.1 Wonderful water and its molecular linkages -- 1.5.2 Linkages at the catchment scale -- 1.5.3 Linkages at the global scale: the hydrological cycle -- 1.5.4 Continental linkages and surface waters in Australia -- 1.5.5 Continental linkages and groundwaters in Australia -- 1.6 The Structure of This Book -- CHAPTER 2: Physical processes in standing waters -- 2.1 Depth and Physical Processes -- 2.2 Let There Be Light ... -- 2.2.1 Light reaching the water surface -- 2.2.2 Light below the water surface -- 2.2.3 Seeing through water: Secchi discs and quantum sensors -- 2.3 The Euphotic Zone -- 2.4 Light and Life -- 2.5 Temperature and Stratification -- 2.5.1 Causes of stratification -- 2.6 Using Circulation Patterns to Classify Standing Waters -- 2.7 Ecological Implications of the Different Types of Stratification and Mixing -- 2.8 Deep Versus Shallow Standing Waters: Depth Matters -- 2.8.1 How deep standing waters form -- 2.8.2 How shallow standing waters form -- 2.9 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 3: Chemical processes in standing waters -- 3.1 'There's a Certain Chemistry ...' -- 3.2 Dissolved Gases -- 3.2.1 Oxygen -- 3.2.2 Carbon dioxide -- 3.2.3 Hydrogen -- 3.2.4 Methane -- 3.3 Sources of Ions.

3.4 Ionic Composition of Australian Standing Waters -- 3.5 Conductivity, Salinity and Total Dissolved Solids -- 3.6 Ionic Composition and Trophic State -- 3.6.1 Some common anions -- 3.6.2 Some common cations -- 3.7 Redox Reactions and Redox Potential -- 3.8 Redox Reactions and Some Common Metals -- 3.9 Nutrients, Nutrient Limitation and Ecological Stoichiometry -- 3.9.1 Phosphorus -- 3.9.2 Nitrogen -- 3.9.3 Carbon -- 3.10 Water Regime, Drying and Water Chemistry -- 3.10.1 What happens to water chemistry during a wetting-drying cycle? -- 3.11 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 4: Biological processes in standing waters -- 4.1 Biological Players on a Physical and Chemical Stage -- 4.2 Major Ecological Zones and Habitats -- 4.3 Blurred Boundaries and Mobile Assemblages -- 4.4 Trophic Groups and Sources of Energy -- 4.5 Producers -- 4.5.1 An ecological classification of producers -- 4.5.2 Microscopic aquatic plants -- 4.5.3 Macroscopic aquatic plants -- 4.5.4 Plants living in water: benefits and constraints -- 4.5.5 Alternative states: changes in plant dominance in shallow waterbodies -- 4.6 Consumers -- 4.6.1 Decomposers: the importance of microbes and fungi -- 4.6.2 Invertebrate detritivores -- 4.6.3 Invertebrate herbivores -- 4.6.4 Invertebrate carnivores -- 4.6.5 Vertebrate herbivores -- 4.6.6 Vertebrate carnivores -- 4.6.7 Predation and trophic cascades -- 4.6.8 Trophic cascades and biomanipulation -- 4.6.9 How vertebrates use waterbodies: linkages and subsidies -- 4.7 Biological Processes in Temporary Standing Waters -- 4.8 Biological Processes in Saline Standing Waters -- 4.9 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 5: Physical processes in running waters -- 5.1 Flow and the Diversity of Running Waters -- 5.2 Scale, Ecological Hierarchies and Networks -- 5.3 A Hierarchical Classification of Physical Features -- 5.3.1 Physical features and channel flows.

5.4 Hydrology and Stream Flow -- 5.4.1 Measuring discharge -- 5.4.2 Measuring current velocity -- 5.5 Hydrographs, Catchment Characteristics and Groundwater Interactions -- 5.6 Flow Variability and its Implications -- 5.7 The Physical Process of Transport -- 5.7.1 The sources of sediment -- 5.7.2 Sediment particle size and distribution -- 5.7.3 Current velocity, erosion and transport -- 5.7.4 Sediment dynamics and channel form -- 5.7.5 Floodplain sedimentation and billabong formation -- 5.8 River Profiles and Longitudinal Changes in Physical Features -- 5.9 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 6: Chemical processes in running waters -- 6.1 The Complex Web of Factors -- 6.2 Dissolved Gases -- 6.3 Ionic Composition of Australian Rivers -- 6.4 Sources of Ions -- 6.5 Nutrients and Nutrient Spiralling -- 6.5.1 Transport and retention of nutrients -- 6.6 Carbon and Organic Matter -- 6.6.1 Dissolved organic matter in rivers -- 6.6.2 Solute processes: dissolved substances in running waters -- 6.7 Longitudinal Changes in Chemical Features -- 6.8 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 7: Biological processes in running waters -- 7.1 Factors Affecting Biological Processes at Various Scales -- 7.2 Zones and Habitats: Parallels and Contrasts with Standing Waters -- 7.3 Living with Flow -- 7.4 Sources of Energy in Running Waters -- 7.4.1 Producers -- 7.4.2 The distribution of different life-forms of producers -- 7.4.3 Open-water producers in large rivers -- 7.4.4 Classifying consumers in running waters -- 7.4.5 Invertebrate herbivores -- 7.4.6 Invertebrate carnivores -- 7.4.7 Vertebrate herbivores -- 7.4.8 Vertebrate carnivores -- 7.4.9 Decomposers -- 7.4.10 Functional feeding groups -- 7.5 The Fate of a Dead Eucalypt Leaf that Falls into a Stream ... -- 7.6 Conceptual Models of Running-Water Ecosystems -- 7.7 The Role of Disturbance -- 7.7.1 Post-disturbance recolonization processes.

7.7.2 Recolonization, dispersal and biogeography in Australian running waters -- 7.7.3 Setting the biogeographic scene: ancient rocks, variable climates -- 7.7.4 Some biogeographic patterns in Australian inland waters -- 7.8 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 8: Groundwater processes and management -- 8.1 Out of Sight, Out of Mind? -- 8.2 An Integrated Definition of Groundwaters -- 8.3 Physical Processes in Groundwaters -- 8.3.1 Groundwater discharge, permeability, porosity and Darcy's Law -- 8.3.2 Physical processes between groundwaters and surface waters -- 8.3.3 Groundwater temperature -- 8.4 Chemical Processes in Groundwaters -- 8.4.1 Principal chemical processes in groundwater -- 8.4.2 Chemical processes along gradients of dissolved oxygen -- 8.5 Biological Processes in Groundwaters -- 8.5.1 Groundwater microbiology -- 8.5.2 Buried treasures in Australia: groundwater invertebrates and fishes -- 8.5.3 Biodiversity and ecology of Australian groundwater fauna -- 8.5.4 Physical, chemical and biological drivers of groundwater ecological processes -- 8.5.5 Groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) -- 8.6 Management Issues in Australian Groundwaters -- 8.7 Ecosystem Services and Conservation of Australian Groundwaters -- 8.8 Synthesis -- PART II: Management of Aquatic Ecosystems -- CHAPTER 9: Management issues: water regime -- 9.1 'When the Well is Dry ...' -- 9.2 Changes to Water Regimes by Humans in Australia: A Brief History -- 9.2.1 Changing water regime, changing processes -- 9.3 Diverse Impoundments with Diverse Effects -- 9.3.1 Impoundments as ecological barriers -- 9.3.2 Impoundments and estuaries -- 9.4 Ecological Effects of Water Extraction -- 9.4.1 Ecological effects of drainage and irrigation -- 9.4.2 Ecological effects of inter-basin transfers -- 9.4.3 Ecological effects of urbanization -- 9.5 Water Regimes and Environmental Watering.

9.5.1 Environmental watering: ecological objectives and outcomes -- 9.5.2 Environmental watering: risks and tactics -- 9.6 'Breaking Down the Barriers': Fishways and Dam Removal -- 9.7 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 10: Management issues: physical features -- 10.1 Changing Physical Features, Changing Processes -- 10.2 Human Activities and the Physical Environment -- 10.2.1 Human changes to catchments -- 10.2.2 Human changes to basins and channels -- 10.3 Sedimentation: A Physical Process with Negative Fallout -- 10.3.1 Human activities and sedimentation -- 10.3.2 Ecological effects of sedimentation -- 10.3.3 Management of sedimentation -- 10.4 Physical Processes and Land-Water Interfaces -- 10.4.1 Ecological roles of fringing and riparian zones -- 10.4.2 Threats to land-water interfaces -- 10.4.3 Management of land-water interfaces -- 10.5 Recovering Natural Physical Complexity -- 10.6 Synthesis -- CHAPTER 11: Management issues: water quality -- 11.1 What Is Water Quality? -- 11.2 Managing Water Quality -- 11.3 Eutrophication -- 11.3.1 Natural and anthropogenic eutrophication -- 11.3.2 Drivers, stressors and processes of eutrophication -- 11.3.3 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.3.4 Management of eutrophication -- 11.4 Salinization -- 11.4.1 Natural and anthropogenic salinization -- 11.4.2 Drivers, stressors and processes of salinization -- 11.4.3 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.4.4 Management of salinization -- 11.5 Acidification -- 11.5.1 Natural and anthropogenic acidification -- 11.5.2 Drivers, stressors and processes of acidification -- 11.5.3 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.5.4 Management of acidification -- 11.6 Pollution -- 11.6.1 Drivers, stressors and processes of pollution -- 11.6.2 Ecological impacts and effects on ecosystem services -- 11.6.3 Management of pollution.

11.7 Water Quality Guidelines.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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