Ecowriting : Advice to ESL on Effective Scientific Writing in Environmental Science and Engineering.
- 1st ed.
- 1 online resource (222 pages)
- Languages and Linguistics .
- Languages and Linguistics .
Intro -- ECOWRITING: ADVICE TO ESL ON EFFECTIVE SCIENTIFIC WRITING IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING -- ECOWRITING: ADVICE TO ESL ON EFFECTIVE SCIENTIFIC WRITING IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING -- CONTENTS -- FOREWORD -- PREFACE -- APPRECIATIONS -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. WHY IS SCIENTIFIC WRITING ESSENTIAL? -- 1.2. WHY SHOULD SCIENTISTS COMMUNICATE? -- 1.3. AVENUES OF COMMUNICATION -- 1.4. CHALLENGES OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION -- 1.4.1. The Classic Challenge -- 1.4.2. The Contemporary Challenge -- 1.5. ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE (ESL) CONTRIBUTORS -- 1.6. KINDS OF SCIENTIFIC WRITING -- 1.7. TARGET OF THIS BOOK -- 1.8. THE SCOPE OF THIS BOOK -- 1.9. SPECIFIC SOURCES OF SCIENTIFIC WRITING ADVICES -- Chapter 2 WHAT TO CONSIDER BEFORE STARTING TO WRITE? -- 2.1. PLANNING TO WRITE -- 2.1.1. When to Start Planning -- 2.1.2. Worthiness to Write -- 2.1.3. Deciding the Authorship of a Scientific Work -- 2.1.4. Choosing the Audience to Address -- 2.1.5. Choosing an Appropriate Outlet Medium -- 2.1.6. Choosing an Appropriate Journal -- 2.2. WHEN TO START WRITING -- 2.2. BASICS TO KNOW BEFORE STARTING TO WRITE -- 2.2.1. Structural Format and Style -- 2.2.2. The Tense of Scientific Reporting -- 2.2.3. Use of Abbreviations -- 2.2.4. Intellectual Property -- 2.2.5. Fairplay in Intellectual Property -- 2.2.6. Gender Neutrality -- 2.3. BASIC CHOICES TO MAKE BEFORE STARTING TO WRITE -- 2.3.1. Language Variety of Presentation -- 2.3.2. Person of Presentation -- 2.3.3. Voice of Reporting -- 2.4. HOW TO START WRITING -- 2.4.1. Organization of Ideas -- 2.4.2. Deciding on the Data to Present -- 2.4.3. Developing an Outline -- 2.5. PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE FOR WRITING -- 2.5.1. Presentation of Figures and Tables -- 2.5.2. Presentation of Numbers and Data Quality Assurance -- 2.5.3. Structure of Paragraphs. 2.5.4. Clarity and Conciseness -- 2.5.5. Preciseness -- 2.5.6. Coherence -- 2.5.7. The Two Don'ts of Scientific Writing -- 2.5.8. Putting Readers' Expectations First -- 2.6. CHAPTER COMPENDIUM -- Chapter 3 HOW TO REPORT A SCIENTIFIC WORK? -- 3.2. WRITING PROJECT REPORTS -- 3.2.1. Writing the Executive Summary -- 3.3. ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLES -- 3.3.1. Choosing the Title -- 3.3.2. Writing an Abstract -- 3.3.3. Choosing Keywords -- 3.3.4. Writing an Introduction -- 3.3.5. Writing Methods Section -- Materials -- Apparatus -- Design -- Procedure -- Analysis -- 3.3.6. Writing the Results Section -- 3.3.7. Presentation of Result in Tables and Figures -- (i) Specifics on Figures1 -- (ii) Specifics on Tables -- 3.3.8. Writing the Discussion -- 3.3.9. Writing the Conclusions -- 3.3.10. Reference Section -- 3.3.11. Citation and Reference Section -- 3.3.12. Writing the Acknowledgment Section -- 3.4. RESEARCH REVIEWS ARTICLE -- 3.4.1. Writing an Abstract of a Review Article -- 3.4.2. Writing an Introduction of a Review Article -- 3.4.3. Writing the Body -- 3.4.4. Writing the Conclusions of a Review Article -- 3.5. PREREQUISITE TO SUBMISSION OF A MANUSCRIPT -- 3.6. RESPONDING TO REVIEWERS AND EDITORS CRITICISM -- 3.7. CHAPTER COMPENDIUM -- Chapter 4 HOW TO CLEAR THE FOG FROM SCIENTIFIC WRITING? -- 4.1. REAL FOG IN SCIENTIFIC WRITING -- 4.2. CLEARING THE FOG OF VOCABULARY AND TECHNICAL TERMS -- 4.3. CLEARING THE FOG OF JARGON4 -- 4.4. CLEARING OF THE FOG OF MODIFIERS -- 4.4.1. Dangling Modifier -- 4.4.2. Misplaced Modifiers -- 4.4.3. Squinting Modifiers -- 4.4.4. Split Infinitives -- 4.5. CLEARING THE FOG OF GENDER AND SEXISM6 -- 4.6. CLEARING FOG OF ENGLISH VARIETIES7 -- 4.6.1. The Noun Endings -- (a) The "-our" vs. "-or" -- (b) The "-re" vs. the "-er" -- 4.6.2. The Continuous Tense of Verbs Ending with "e". 4.6.3. The Continuous, Past Tenses, or Nouns of Verbs Ending with "l" -- 4.6.4. The "-ize" vs. "-ise" -- Likewise the "-Ization" vs. "-Isation" (The "-yse" vs "-yze") -- 4.6.5. The "-ce" vs the "-se" -- 4.6.6. The "-xion" vs the "-ction" -- 4.6.6. The "-ogue" vs the "-og" -- 4.6.7. Simplification of ae (æ) and oe (œ) -- 4.6.8. Compounds and Hyphens -- 4.6.9. Acronyms and Abbreviations -- 4.6.10. Use of the Present Perfect -- 4.6.11. Possession -- 4.6.12. Use of some Verbs -- 4.6.13. Vocabulary -- 4.6.14. Prepositions -- 4.6.15. Past Simple/Past Participles -- 4.7. CLEARING FOG OF ARTICLES -- 4.7.1. Indefinite Articles a and an -- 4.7.2. Definite Article "the" -- 4.7.3. Rules in the Use of "the" with Geographical Features -- 4.7.4. Where Articles Are not Required -- 4.8. CLEARING THE FOG OF PUNCTUATIONS -- 4.8.1. Apostrophe -- 4.8.2. Brackets -- 4.8.3. Colon -- 4.8.4. Comma -- (i) Separating Commas -- (ii) Enclosing Commas -- 4.8.5. Dash -- (i) Enclosing Dashes11 -- (ii) A Separating Dash12 -- (iii) Conventional Uses of Dash -- 4.8.6. Hyphen -- 4.8.7. Italics13 -- 4.8.8. Parentheses -- 4.8.9. Point14 -- 4.8.10. Points of Ellipsis -- 4.8.11. Question Mark -- 4.8.12. Quotation Marks -- 4.8.13. Semicolon -- 4.8.14. Slash -- 4.8.15. Capitalization -- Rules of the Thumb on Capitalization -- 4.9. CLEARING FOG OF FORMULA -- 4.10. CHAPTER COMPENDIUM -- Chapter 5 HOW TO CONQUER FLAWS? -- 5.1. HOW TO AVOID PLAGIARISM -- 5.2. FLAWS INFLUENCED BY FIRST LANGUAGE - A CASE OF GERMAN AS A FIRST LANGUAGE -- (i) Flaws due to Adoption of German Sentence Construction -- (ii) Flaws due to Literal Translation of Words Form German to English -- (iii) Use of Reflexive Verbs -- 5.3. COMMONLY CONFUSED WORDS -- 5.4. OTHER MATTERS OF STYLE PREFERENCE BUT NOT MISTAKES -- 5.5. CHAPTER COMPENDIUM -- Chapter 6 CONCLUDING ADVICE -- 6.1. Communication with Precision and Impact. 6.2. COMMUNICATING IN ANOTHER LANGUAGE -- 6.2.1. Patience -- 6.2.2. Humility -- 6.2.3. Adaptability -- 6.3. PLATEAUS FOR NOVICE SCIENTIFIC WRITERS -- 6.4. USE GOOD COLLEAGUE-NESS OF VETERAN SCIENTIFIC WRITERS -- 6.5. WRITE WITH PEER-REVIEWER'S EXPECTATION -- 6.5.1. Philosophy of Peer Reviewing of Manuscripts -- 6.5.2. Peer Reviewing Process -- 6.5.3. Expectations of a Peer Reviewer -- 6.6. RESPONSIBILITY OF THE AUTHORS -- 6.7. CLOSING ADVICE -- APPENDIX -- APPENDIX 1: SOME MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN ENGLISH VARIETIES -- A1.1. Differences in Spellings -- A1.2. Some Grammar Differences Are Consistent between American and British -- A1.3. Selected Vocabulary Differences between British and American English -- APPENDIX 2. WAYS TO PRESENT RESULTS -- APPENDIX 3. EXAMPLES OF FIGURE AND TABLE PRESENTATION -- APPENDIX 4. RECOMMENDED FURTHER READING -- Books and Guides on Scientific Writing -- English Language and Grammar in General -- Further Reading on Plagiarism -- (a) books -- (b) Recent Articles in Books and Periodicals -- (c) Some Useful Internet Sites -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.
9781613244500
Environmental literature -- Authorship. Technical writing. English language -- Study and teaching -- Foreign speakers.