AIDS Vaccines, HIV Receptors, and AIDS Research.
- 1st ed.
- 1 online resource (358 pages)
Intro -- AIDS VACCINES, HIV RECEPTORS, AND AIDS RESEARCH -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 SAFE AND EFFECTIVE HIV VACCINES SINCE 1999 -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SOME PRE-1984 VACCINES FOR HUMAN USE -- Plague -- Variolation -- Edward Jenner's Smallpox Vaccine -- Louis Pasteur's Vaccines -- Polio Vaccines -- THE NORMAL HUMAN IMMUNE RESPONSE -- THE WORST PANDEMIC IN HISTORY, HIV/AIDS -- The First Announcement of the Isolation of the Causative Agent of AIDS -- The Natural History of HIV Infection in Man -- Ethical Considerations in HIV Preventive Vaccine Research -- THE AUTHOR'S APPROACH TO HIV VACCINES DEVELOPMENT -- A General Surgeon Involved with HIV Vaccines Research and Development? -- What is Cure of HIV Infection? -- The Stepping Stone for HIV Preventive Vaccines Development -- Not all Medical Remedies Require Registration before use on Patients -- Possible Appropriate Immunogens for a Candidate HIV Therapeutic Vaccine -- Confirmation of the Safety of the Candidate Autogenous HIV Therapeutic Vaccine -- Efficacy Trials of the Safe Candidate HIV Therapeutic Vaccine -- Proceeding to the HIV Preventive Vaccine -- Modifications to the Initial Vaccines and Dosage Regimen -- THE VACCINES ON LARGER POPULATIONS -- VEHEMENT RESISTANCE TO ATTEMPTS TO LOCK UP OUR HIV VACCINES -- CONCLUSION -- APPENDICES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 AIDS: A MUCOSAL APPROACH TO A MUCOSAL INFECTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Mucosal Transmission and HIV Receptors -- Correlates of Protection -- LTNPs, Elite Controllers and Natural Hosts -- TARGETING THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE SYSTEM -- Mucosal Adjuvants -- Innate Immunity and Antiviral Factors -- Early Experiments Revisited - Xeno and Allo-Immunity in HIV Protection -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES. Chapter 3 TRANSMISSION OF HIV FROM DENDRITIC CELLS TO CD4+ T CELLS: A PROMISING TARGET FOR VACCINATION AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. Subsets of DCs and Susceptibility to HIV Infection -- 2. Restriction of HIV-1 Replication in DCs -- 3. HIV Transmission from DC to T cells: trans vs. cis Infection -- 4. How to Achieve Immune Protection: Future Directions -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 THE GLOBALIZATION-AIDS-POVERTY SYNDROME IN AFRICA1 -- INTRODUCTION -- NEOLIBERALIZM AND AIDS IN CONTEXT -- COLONIALISM, GENDER, AND THE GEOGRAPHY OF HIV -- THE LIBERALIZATION OF AIDS: GLOBALIZATION AND POVERTY -- MAKING THE LINKS: GENDER, DEEPENING POVERTY AND AIDS -- BREAKING THE GAPS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 YOUTH SEXUALITY IN THE CONTEXT OF HIV/AIDS IN SOUTH AFRICA -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- Socialization -- Sexual Relations -- Sexuality Research and HIV -- Culture and Sexuality -- Sociohistorical Context -- 2. METHODOLOGY -- Sample and Procedure -- Measure -- Definitions -- 3. STEADY RELATIONSHIPS -- Context of Steady Relationships -- Family -- Meaning of Steady Relationship -- Happy Experience in Steady Relationship -- Unhappy Experience in Steady Relationship -- Emotional Involvement in Steady Relationships -- Sexuality in Steady Relationships -- Separations -- Youth Without a Steady Partner -- 4. SEXUAL EXPERIENCES -- Type of Sexual Activity -- Age of Sexual Activity -- Frequency of Sexual Activity and Abstinence -- Worries and Fears of Age Mates in Regard to Partnership, Love and Sexuality -- 5. FIRST SEXUAL INTERCOURSE -- Partner Age Differential -- Type of Relationship -- Reasons for First Sexual Intercourse -- Experience of First Sexual Intercourse -- Contraceptives for First Sexual Intercourse -- 6. SEXUAL ATTITUDES -- Love and Sexuality. Sexual Differences Regarding Sexual Desire -- Sexual Orientation -- Masturbation -- Sexual Experiences Not Discussed -- 7. MENSTRUATION, PREGNANCY, AND ABORTION -- Menstruation -- Pregnancy -- Fear of Being Pregnant -- Father of Pregnancy -- Reasons for Reactions to Possible Pregnancy -- Abortion -- 8. SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND VIOLENCE -- Boy's Experiences of Sexual Harassment -- Girl's Experiences of Sexual Harassment -- Violence -- 9. HIV/AIDS -- Epidemiology -- Sexual Experiences -- HIV Risk Perception and Behavior -- HIV Prevention -- 10. TOBACCO AND SUBSTANCE USE -- 11. SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES -- Socioeconomic Sample Characteristics -- Geolocality and Education of Youth -- Education/Occupation of Parents -- Religion and Religious Involvement -- 12. PEER PERCEPTIONS ON SEX AND RELATIONSHIP -- 13. CONCLUSIONS -- Urban-Rural Differences -- Socioeconomic Differences -- Sexuality Education -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6 VITAMIN E IN THE CONTEXT OF HIV DISEASE: CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND PERSPECTIVES -- ABSTRACT -- ABBREVIATIONS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. VITAMIN E IN HIV INFECTED PERSONS -- 3. INCREASED LEVELS OF ROS AND APOPTOSIS: COULD VITAMIN E INCREASE CELLULAR VIABILITY? -- 4. VITAMIN E AND ALTERED EXPRESSION OF CCR5 HIV CORECEPTOR -- 5. VITAMIN E AND HAART -- 5.1 Could Vitamin E Decreases HAART Toxity? -- 5.2 Dislipidemia and Vitamin E -- 5.3 Drug-to-drug Interactions via Pregnane X Receptor -- 6. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 CCR5 GENE EXPRESSION AND POLYMORPHISM AS POTENTIAL PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF THE OUTCOME OF ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CC CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR 5 (CCR5) -- CCR5 DELETION MUTATION -- CCR5 IN EBV INFECTION -- CCR5Δ32 POLYMORPHISM AND EBV REACTIVATION IN PATIENTS AFTER ALLOGENEIC HSCT -- CCR5 IN GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE. CCR5Δ32 POLYMORPHISM AND THE RISK OF GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE AFTER ALLOGENEIC HSCT -- GENERAL SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 EMERGING ROLES OF SDF-1α -CXCR4 AXIS IN VERTEBRATE DEVELOPMENT -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Migration of Primary Germ Cells -- Migration of the Lateral Line Primordium -- Migration of Neural Cells Regulated by SDF-1α - CXCR4 -- Cell Determination/Differentiation Requires Cxcr4-Sdf1 Signaling -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.