TY  - BOOK
AU  - Roberts,Richard J.
AU  - Roberts,Mary Ann
TI  - Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Episodic Symptoms and Treatment
SN  - 9781597567411
AV  - RC387.5 .R634 2011 
U1  - 617.4/810443 
PY  - 2010///
CY  - San Diego
PB  - Plural Publishing, Incorporated
KW  - Brain damage
KW  - Electronic books
N1  - Intro -- 1 Brain Injury Due to Blunt-Force Trauma   The fundamental assumption of cognitive neuroscience is that the way we behave and the way we experience the world is determined by the way our brains work. -Chris Frith (2004), Brain, Vol. 127, No. 2, p. 239 Introduction The brains of human beings clearly are the products of our evolutionary past (Linden, 2007). Our skulls and brains have evolved to withstand glancing blows from rocks thrown as weapons, the blunt force of being struck by a wooden club, -- 2 Illustrative Case History of a Patient with MIND   The pain of the mind is worse than the pain of the body. -Publius Syrus, 1st century BC, Roman writer In this chapter, the case history of Jane is based on a composite of three female patients. This composite reflects none of the three patients entirely due to the need to safeguard clinical confidentiality. Demographic details from these real-world cases also have been altered to ensure anonymity. Jane was a 41-year-old professional woman who -- 3 Navigating the Health-Care System Following Mild TBI   When we don't even believe that something is possible or that it exists, we fail to see it at all. -Dorothy Otnow Lewis, American psychiatrist,Guilty by Reason of Insanity (1998, pp. 615-616) For the composite case study in the previous chapter, let's review the number of different health-care providers with whom Jane had contact: Paramedics at the scene of the accident ER physicians and staff CT scan techs and radiologist Her primary care; 4 Evidence for the Existence of MIND-like Neuropsychiatric Patients   The farther backward you look, the farther forward you are likely to see. -Winston Churchill Support From the Neuropsychiatric Literature Patients similar to those we have labeled as manifesting MIND have been described repeatedly in the modern, neuropsychiatric literature. (A neuropsychiatrist is a physician with extensive training in both psychiatry and neurology and is, thus, in an excellent position to assess and treat pat -- 5 Living with Untreated Symptoms of MIND   The way to get people to care is to provide context. -Chip and Dan Heath,Made to Stick: Why Some IdeasSurvive and Others Die (2007) Introduction Most of us take the continuity of our thoughts and feelings more or less for granted. We assume, by and large, that we will be able to retrieve someone's name or information relevant to work when we need to do so. Barring some unforeseen occurrence, our mood later this afternoon probably will be similar to the -- 6 Reviewing the Evidence of Treatment Efficacy   Without therapeutic enthusiasm, there would be no innovation, and without skepticism, there would be no proof. -Vladimir Hachinski (Quoted in Fogel, Duffy, McNamara, &amp -- Salloway, 1992, p. 458)   The joy of good clinical work is the ability to participate in a client's personal healing. But along with the potential for great impact comes a tremendous responsibility. . . . The first rule is "Do no harm," yet we harm when we do not prepare enough to d; 7 Mood-Stabilizing Medications with Anticonvulsant Properties   Perhaps most crucial to this diagnosis is the episodic nature and intensity of the pathology with apparent rapid return to normality. The clinicians observing such fluctuations should be alerted to think of these conditions. Such careful diagnostic evaluation is of obvious importance in patients such as these in whom specific drug treatment is both indicated and likely to provide benefit with respect to the behavioral pathology in q -- 8 Blast Trauma: An Ominous "New" Risk Factor for MIND?   It was just like the Jolly Green Giant picked me up and shook me. I felt like a big "shaken baby." -Anonymous war-fighter (personal communication to R. J. Roberts) Introduction In previous chapters, we have focused almost exclusively on mild TBI due to blunt-force trauma. To review, this is the type of head trauma in which mechanical energy is applied directly to the skull (i.e., closed head trauma) or in which the skull is impelled at a s -- 9 Blast Trauma II: Symptomatic Treatment in the Short-Run?   Okie (2006) refers to TBIs as the signature wound of this war. She reports that blasts are the most common form of soldier injuries, and, at the large Walter Reed Army Hospital, it has been found that 60% of those with blast injuries suffer from TBI. . . . This translates into thousands of lives affected now, with more to be affected as the war continues. And since soldiers have families, the ripple effect of TBIs through our nation wi; 10 Using Effective Coping Behaviors   Although only a minority of individuals who have sustained a mild traumatic brain injury develop persisting . . . symptoms, the impact on their psychological well-being and everyday functioning can be considerable. The importance of developing cost-effective interventions which are acceptable to the patient cannot, therefore, be underestimated. -Elizabeth Allen (2007, p.181) In our experience, effective treatment of MIND with medication(s) does not mean that -- 11 Assessing Intermittent Symptoms After Pediatric Mild TBI   Because symptoms caused by mild TBI last less than half an hour, . . . the study of mild TBI is often neglected resulting in a significant knowledge gap for this wide-spread problem. In this work, we studied functional (electrophysiological) alterations of the neonatal/juvenile hippocampus after experimental mild TBI . . . the age of the tissue at injury was found to be an important factor affecting posttraumatic deficits in electroph -- 12 Pediatric Mild TBI, Episodic Symptoms, and Treatment Considerations   . . . In the hippocampus, research now suggests that TBI regionally alters the delicate balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in surviving neurons, disrupting the normal functioning of synaptic circuits . . . and how these alterations contribute to cognitive impairment and a reduction in seizure threshold associated with human concussive brain injury. -Akiva Cohen, et al. (2007, p.143) Introduction Sub; 13 Unanswered Questions and Issues Requiring Further Study   Curiosity comes from gaps in our knowledge. - Chip Heath and Dan Heath (2007, p.90) Is MIND Likely To Be a Genetic, Congenital, or Acquired Syndrome? A genetic disorder is one whose expression is more or less programmed at conception. A common example of a highly heritable neurobehavioral disorder would be Huntington's disease. If a person is unfortunate enough to have the wrong combination of genes, they will almost certainly develop -- 14 A Summing Up   In these increasingly competitive times, when the focus of scientists increasingly turns to research grants, publications, and academic promotion, let's remember that we all have come to neurophysiology out of a common desire to illuminate some interesting problems in the natural world. Our ultimate goal is not the published paper or the grant or the promotion, but rather to develop scientific understanding, a process that is inherently interactive and self-correcting. . . . Po
UR  - https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/orpp/detail.action?docID=1922914
ER  -