TY  - BOOK
AU  - Mailhammer,Robert
AU  - Vennemann,Theo
TI  - The Carthaginian North: A Linguistic and Cultural Study
T2  - NOWELE Supplement Series
SN  - 9789027262141
AV  - PD75 .M355 2019 
U1  - 430.09 
PY  - 2019///
CY  - Amsterdam/Philadelphia
PB  - John Benjamins Publishing Company
KW  - Germanic languages-History
KW  - Electronic books
N1  - Intro -- The Carthaginian North: Semitic influence on early Germanic -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1. Lexicon -- 2. Morphology: The Germanic strong verbs -- 2.1 Functionalization of ablaut -- 2.1.1 Ablaut in Proto-Indo-European -- 2.1.2 Functionalized ablaut in the Proto-Germanic strong verbs -- 2.2 Systematized ablaut in the Proto-Germanic strong verb -- 2.3 Uniformization of stem formation in the Germanic strong verbs -- 2.4 Reduction of verb categories -- 3. Syntax -- 3.1 Proto-Indo-European word order -- 3.2 Proto-Germanic word order -- 3.2.1 Proto-Germanic word order: SOV or SVO? -- 3.2.2 Proto-Germanic word order: V2 -- 3.2.3 Proto-Germanic V1 -- 3.3 Proto-Germanic split word order: V1/V2 vs. V-late -- 4. Issues in the oldest Germanic writing system -- 5. Summary of explananda in Proto-Germanic -- Chapter 2. Theoretical foundations -- 1. How we look at contact-induced change -- 2. Types of contact-induced change and common outcomes -- 2.1 Common outcomes of RL agentivity -- 2.2 Common outcomes of SL agentivity -- 2.3 Neutralization of agentivity -- 3. The reconstruction of contact-induced change -- Chapter 3. Context, location and initial contact setting -- 1. Setting the stage -- 2. The first phase: Slow language shift to Punic -- 3. The second phase: Koinézation and re-Germanicization -- 4. Summary: Towards a time line -- Chapter 4. Punic elements in the Proto-Germanic lexicon -- 1. PGmc. +fulka- 'division of an army' -- 2. PGmc. +flukka- 'flock, company, troop' -- 3. West Gmc. +plōg- 'plough' -- 4. Gmc. +pleha-/+plega- 'to cultivate' -- 5. PGmc. +sibjō- 'sib, extended family, clan, kinfolk' -- 6. PGmc. +aþal-/+aþil-/+aþul- 'nobility, noble', +ōþil-/+ōþal- 'inherited landed property'; 6. PGmc. +aþal-/+aþil-/+aþul- 'nobility, noble', +ōþil-/+ōþal- 'inherited landed property' -- 7. PGmc. +erþō 'earth' -- 8. PGmc. +skellingaz / +skillingaz 'shilling' -- 9. West Gmc. +paning, +panning, +panding 'penny' -- 10. PGmc. +smītan 'to smite', +smiþaz 'smith' -- 11. Phoenician loanwords "from everyday life" -- 11.1 PGmc. +ebura- 'male pig' -- 11.2 PGmc. +krabba- m. 'crab, shrimp' -- 12. Possible covert Punic influences in Proto-Germanic -- 12.1 Gender of PGmc. +sunnōn f. 'sun' and +mēnōn m. 'moon' -- 12.2 Gmc. norþ- adj., adv., noun 'north, north wind' -- Chapter 5. Punic influence in the Germanic verb system: The strong verbs -- 1. The contact situation -- 2. Problematic Germanic features and Punic -- 2.1 Ablaut marks grammatical categories in Punic -- 2.2 Inflectional classes depend on phonological root structure in Punic -- 2.3 Predictable present tense stem -- 2.4 Temporal opposition in Punic -- 3. The transfer -- 3.1 Contact-induced change I: the innovations -- 3.1.1 Contact-induced changes to the verb categories -- 3.1.2 Loss of reduplication in the strong preterit -- 3.1.3 Systematization and uniformization of ablaut -- 3.2 Contact-induced change II: Spread and change -- Chapter 6. Explaining the Germanic split word order -- Chapter 7. The origin of the oldest Germanic writing system -- 1. The eight questions and their answers -- 1.1 Question 1 -- 1.2 Question 2 -- 1.3 Question 3 -- 1.3.1 Punic B /b/, late Punic B /ʋ/ -- 1.3.2 Punic G /g/, late Punic G /ɰ/ -- 1.3.3 Punic D /d/, late Punic D /ð/ -- 1.3.4 Punic he -- 1.3.5 Summary of answer to Question 3 -- 1.4 Question 4 -- 1.5 Question 5 -- 1.6 Question 6 -- 1.7 Question 7 -- 1.8 Question 8 -- 2. The runes for the mediae, b g d -- 3. The doubling theory: An additional argument -- 4. The doubling theory: A further application -- 5. More on the rune order in the rune rows; 6. The vowel runes -- 6.1 The ï rune, ᛇ -- 6.2 The i rune, ᛁ -- 6.3 The e rune п, ᛖ -- 6.4 The o rune, ᛟ -- 6.5 Vowel letters in Greek and Germanic: A brief comparison -- 6.5.1 Greek (Jensen 1969: 446-447) -- 6.5.2 Germanic -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 8. Extralinguistic evidence -- 1. Overview: Carthage and the world at 500 BCE -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Carthage and her empire at 500 BC -- 2. Carthaginian trade and sea voyages -- 2.1 Carthaginian sea trade with the north -- 2.2 The voyage of Himilco -- 3. Religion -- 3.1 Balder -- 3.2 The Vanir, one of two families of Germanic deities -- 3.3 Phol and Balder -- 3.3.1 Phol and Balder: The evidence -- 3.1.2 Phol and Balder: Twelve observations -- 3.4 Punic religion in Germania? Historical consequences -- 4. Archaeological evidence for a Punic presence in the North and Baltic Seas -- 4. Archaeological evidence for a Punic presence in the North and Baltic Seas -- 5. Genetic evidence -- Chapter 9. Conclusion -- 1. Unexplained linguistic features in proto-Germanic -- 2. Why Punic? -- 3. Where to from here? -- Index
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