Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- PrologueRecent Developments in Melatonin Research -- Melatonin - Another Phytohormone? -- Melatonin - More than Just a Pineal Hormone -- A Short Overview of Duodenal Signaling by Melatonin -- The Expanding Functions of Melatonin and TheirConsequences to Signaling -- The Underrated Carbonate Radical (CO3-) - Detoxificationand Reduced Formation by Melatonin -- Focus on the Melatonin Metabolite N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK) -- Melatonergic Treatment: Chronobiological Basis andTranslational Problems -- Entraining Melatonergic Pulses Instead of Long-acting Drugs:Resynchronization Rules for Depression with CircadianEtiology -- Considering Drug Metabolism and Molecular Complexity inDrug Design -- Contrasting Findings on Melatonin Concerning Inflammationand Glucose Tolerance - Consequences to the Developmentof Melatonergic Drugs -- Mitochondrial Hormone Receptors - An Emerging Field ofSignaling in the Cell's Powerhouse -- Melatonin and MicroRNAs: An Emerging Field -- Intercellular Communication via Exosomal and EctosomalMicroRNAs: Facing a Jungle of Countless MicroRNAs andTargets.