Das, Jayita.
Trauma in Otolaryngology.
- 1st ed.
- 1 online resource (190 pages)
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgment -- About the Author -- Contents -- Part: I: Principles of Trauma Management in ENT, Head and Neck -- 1: Introduction and Historical Backdrop -- 1.1 The Background Is the Battleground -- 1.2 The Battleground in the Backyard -- 1.3 The Daily Battle -- 1.4 The Battle Begins -- 1.5 The Rules of the Battle -- 1.5.1 Diagnosis -- 1.5.2 Classification and Types of Trauma -- 1.6 Winning the Battle -- References -- 2: General Considerations in Trauma -- 2.1 General Principles -- 2.1.1 Time of Injury -- 2.1.2 Place of Injury -- 2.1.3 Nature of Injury -- 2.1.4 Coverage of Costs -- 2.1.5 Rehabilitation -- 2.1.6 In Cases of Polytrauma -- 2.1.6.1 Triage -- 2.1.6.2 The Airway -- 2.1.6.3 Imaging -- 2.1.6.4 Multidisciplinary Team -- 2.2 Management Protocol -- 2.3 Medicolegal Aspects -- 2.4 Practical Applications -- 2.4.1 Complications of Transfusion -- 2.4.2 Documentation -- 2.4.3 Communication -- 2.4.4 Antibiotic Policy -- 2.5 Future Directions -- 2.5.1 Trauma as a Subspecialist Discipline -- 2.5.2 Recovery from Trauma -- 2.5.3 Research in Trauma Care -- References -- 3: Injury and Wound Healing -- 3.1 Wound Healing -- 3.1.1 Zones of Perfusion -- 3.1.2 Healing and Closure of Wounds -- 3.1.3 Flaps -- 3.2 Mechanisms of Injury -- 3.2.1 Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) -- 3.2.2 Source of Injury -- 3.2.2.1 Blasts and Gunshots -- 3.2.2.2 Burns -- 3.2.2.3 Radiation-Induced Injury -- 3.2.2.4 Lesser Degrees of Soft Tissue Trauma -- 3.2.2.5 Frostbite -- 3.2.3 Prompt Detection -- 3.3 Hemostasis, Anesthesia, and Wound Closure -- 3.3.1 Maintaining Hemostasis and Homeostasis -- 3.3.2 Skin Closure -- 3.3.3 Local Anesthesia -- 3.3.4 Suturing Tips -- 3.3.5 Surgical Outcomes -- 3.3.6 Adjuvant Treatment -- 3.4 Optimizing Management -- References -- Part: II: ENT Trauma by Region. 4: Trauma to Ear -- 4.1 Pathophysiology -- 4.1.1 Embryology and Applied Anatomy -- 4.1.2 The Outer Ear -- 4.1.3 Barotrauma -- 4.1.4 The Facial Nerve -- 4.1.5 Iatrogenic Trauma -- 4.1.6 The Temporal Bone -- 4.2 Clinical Implications -- 4.2.1 Outer Ear -- 4.2.2 Middle Ear -- 4.2.3 Inner Ear -- 4.2.4 Facial Nerve -- 4.3 Best Practice Recommendations -- References -- 5: Trauma to the Nose and Face -- 5.1 Pathophysiology -- 5.1.1 Embryology, Anatomy, and Biomechanics -- 5.1.2 Nasal Septum -- 5.1.3 Nasal Bones -- 5.1.4 Facial Skeleton -- 5.1.5 The Le Fort Types of Injuries -- 5.1.6 Fronto-ethmoid Complex -- 5.1.7 Zygomaticomaxillary Complex -- 5.1.8 Mandible -- 5.1.9 Dentition -- 5.1.10 Epistaxis -- 5.1.11 Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Leaks -- 5.2 Clinical Implications -- 5.2.1 Treatment Planning -- 5.2.2 Investigations -- 5.2.3 Imaging -- 5.2.4 Biochemistry -- 5.2.5 Other Tests -- 5.2.6 Treatment Procedure -- 5.2.7 Nasal Septum and Nasal Bones -- 5.2.8 Epistaxis -- 5.2.9 Frontal Sinus -- 5.2.10 Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Leak -- 5.2.11 Frontal Sinus Outflow Tract -- 5.2.12 Zygoma and Maxilla -- 5.2.13 Mandible and Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) -- 5.2.14 Dentition -- 5.2.15 Face Transplant -- 5.3 Best Practice Recommendations -- References -- 6: Trauma to the Neck and Aerodigestive Tract -- 6.1 Pathophysiology -- 6.1.1 Relevant Anatomy and Epidemiology -- 6.1.2 Laryngeal Trauma Can Be Classified into Five Grades -- 6.1.3 The Neck May Be Divided into Three Zones -- 6.1.4 Injury to the Salivary Glands -- 6.1.5 Blunt Laryngeal Trauma -- 6.1.6 Penetrating Laryngeal Trauma -- 6.1.7 The Presenting Signs and Symptoms of Neck Injury -- 6.1.8 Inhalation Trauma -- 6.1.9 Iatrogenic Trauma -- 6.1.10 Vocal Cord Paralysis -- 6.1.11 Phonotrauma -- 6.2 Clinical Implications -- 6.2.1 The Surgical Airway. 6.2.2 Treatment of Neck Trauma -- 6.2.3 A Tracheotomy -- 6.2.4 The Laryngeal Skeleton Is Exposed -- 6.2.5 Endolaryngeal Mucosal Trauma -- 6.2.6 Local Repair -- 6.2.7 Voice Rest -- 6.2.8 Vigilance -- 6.2.9 Complications of Laryngotracheal Trauma -- 6.2.10 Salivary Gland Trauma -- 6.2.11 Vascular Trauma -- 6.2.12 Esophageal Trauma -- 6.2.13 Cervical Spine Trauma -- 6.2.14 Vocal Cord Lesions -- 6.3 Best Practice Recommendations -- References -- 7: Trauma to Eye and Orbit -- 7.1 Pathophysiology -- 7.1.1 The General Outline of Orbital Injury -- 7.1.2 Blowout Fractures of the Orbit -- 7.1.3 Injury to the Lacrimal Apparatus -- 7.1.4 The Second Cranial Nerve or Optic Nerve -- 7.2 Clinical Implications -- 7.2.1 The Symptoms of Acute Trauma -- 7.2.2 The History -- 7.2.3 Physical Examination -- 7.2.4 Corneal Abrasions -- 7.2.5 Foreign Bodies -- 7.2.6 The Initial Treatment of Orbital Blowout Fractures -- 7.2.7 The Treatment of Established Enophthalmos -- 7.2.8 Optic Nerve Injury -- 7.3 Best Practice Recommendations -- References -- 8: Foreign Bodies in the Throat -- 8.1 Pathophysiology -- 8.1.1 Foreign Body (FB) Aspiration -- 8.1.2 The Common Types of Foreign Body -- 8.1.3 The Clinical Features -- 8.1.4 Diagnostic Dilemmas -- 8.1.5 The Reaction of the Bronchial Mucosa -- 8.1.6 Foreign Bodies in the Esophagus -- 8.1.7 Radiological Features -- 8.2 Clinical Implications -- 8.2.1 The Simplest Procedure -- 8.2.2 Advances in Anesthesia -- 8.2.3 The Prerequisites of a Safe Procedure -- 8.2.4 Visualization -- 8.2.5 Points to be Noted During the Endoscopy -- 8.2.6 Complications of Endoscopy -- 8.2.7 Complications of Esophageal FBs -- 8.3 Best Practice Recommendations -- References -- Part: III: Brain Teasers -- 9: Case Scenarios -- 9.1 Case Scenarios by Region -- 9.1.1 Ear -- 9.1.2 Nose -- 9.1.3 Throat. 9.1.4 Miscellaneous -- Quiz -- Key for Quiz.
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Otolaryngologic emergencies.
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