TY  - BOOK
AU  - Fedriani,Chiara
AU  - Sansò,Andrea
TI  - Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles: New Perspectives
T2  - Studies in Language Companion Series
SN  - 9789027265494
AV  - P302.25.P724 2017 
U1  - 401/.45 
PY  - 2017///
CY  - Amsterdam/Philadelphia
PB  - John Benjamins Publishing Company
KW  - Discourse markers
KW  - Electronic books
N1  - Intro -- Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Pragmatic Markers, Discourse Markers and Modal Particles -- 1. Preliminary remarks -- 2. PMs, DMs, their definitions and delimitations: What do we know? -- 3. PMs, DMs, their definitions and delimitations: Where do we go from here? -- 4. The status of modal particles: What do we know and where do we go from here? -- 5. The diachrony of PMs/DMs: What do we know? -- 6. The diachrony of PMs/DMs: Where do we go from here? -- 7. PMs/DMs and sociolinguistic variation: What do we know? -- 8. PMs/DMs and sociolinguistic variation: Where do we go from here? -- 9. This volume -- References -- Part 1. General theoretical questions and quantitative approaches -- The emergence of Hebrew 'loydea / loydat' ('I dunno MASC/FEM') from interaction -- 1. Introduction -- 2. '('ani) lo yode'a / yoda'at' + object complement constructions -- 2.1 '('ani) lo yode'a / yoda'at' + Object clause -- 2.1.1 '('ani)' lo yode'a / yoda'at + object clause opening with 'ma' ('what'): Literal use -- 2.1.2 '('ani) lo yode'a / yoda'at' + Object clause opening with ''im' ('if, whether'): Epistemic stance of uncertainty and doubt -- 2.2 '('ani) lo yode'a / yoda'at' + Question word -- 2.2.1 Epistemic stance of uncertainty -- 2.2.2 Repair preface -- 3. '('ani) lo yode'a / yoda'at' constructions lacking an object -- 3.1 Literal uses -- 3.2 Epistemic stance of uncertainty -- 3.3 Repair preface -- 3.4 Changing the course of talk -- 3.4.1 Steering away from an unwanted topic raised by interlocutor -- 3.4.2 Abrupt change of topic -- 3.5 Interlude: An interactional approach to discourse markers -- 3.6 Allowing one's response to 'die out' -- 3.7 Avoiding dispreferred response -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References; Appendix. Transcription Conventions -- Towards a model for discourse marker annotation -- Introduction -- 1. Discourse markers and their rivals -- 2. Data and method -- 2.1 Corpora -- 2.2 Annotation experiment -- 3. From identification to annotation -- 3.1 Identification of "potential" discourse markers -- 3.2 Automatic retrieval from the corpus -- 3.3 Feature-based annotation in context -- 4. Operationalization of linguistic features -- 4.1 Syntactic features -- 4.2 Semantic-pragmatic features -- 4.3 Cotextual features -- 4.4 Degree of certainty -- 5. Results -- 5.1 Frequency-based prototypes -- 5.2 Profiling discourse markers through multifactorial analysis -- 5.3 Weighing variables through conditional trees -- 5.4 Procedurality and "pragmatic markers" -- 5.5 Statistical validity of the model -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Towards an operational category of discourse markers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definitions in contest -- 2.1 Terminology -- 2.2 Partial and overlapping definitions -- 2.2.1 Discourse markers and pragmatic markers -- 2.2.2 Discourse markers and modal particles -- 2.2.3 Discourse markers and subcategories -- 2.3 Interim discussion -- 3. Bridging the gap: A corpus-based definition of DMs -- 3.1 Methodology for an extensive-intensive definition -- 3.2 Defining DMs with syntax and functions -- 3.3 Inclusions and exclusions from the category -- 4. From theory to practice… -- 4.1 Methodology for a crosslinguistic annotation model -- 4.3 Mapping the definition onto its annotation model -- 5. … and back again: Retrieving membership from annotations -- 5.1 Relational and non-relational types -- 5.2 Dual position -- 5.3 Polysemous DMs -- 5.4 Hedges: DMs or MPs? -- 6. Discussion: Reliability and exhaustivity of the definition -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Appendix 1. List of functions grouped by domain; A corpus-based approach to functional markers in Greek -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Functional markers in Greek -- 3. Data and method -- 4. Positional preferences of Greek functional markers -- 5. Discussion and conclusions -- References -- Appendix. Items studied in the paper -- Discourse markers and discourse relations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. SDRT and Discourse Markers -- 3. Fragments and DMs -- 4. An example: The DM quoi -- A. Beliefs -- B. Intentions -- C. Emotions -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Corpus -- Part 2. The status of modal particles -- Modal particles and Verum focus -- 1. Speculations on the interactive character of modal particles and Verum focus -- 1.1 A word on the notion of verum focus -- 1.2 Applications and empirical links of VF -- 2. On the specific relation between VF, sentence type, and MP-selection -- 2.1 Verum focus on grammatical components -- 2.2 Verum focus and sentence type -- 3. First generalizations on the data sets -- 4. MPs in dependent sentences -- 5. Focused MP: The MP-differential -- 5.1 The spellout of dialogical MP-intervention -- 5.2 A caveat: Pitch stress on MP need not be VF -- 5.3 'Nur' and 'bloß' as MP-synonyms? -- 6. Modal particles as parameters of textual or discursive cohesion -- 6.1 Sentence typing -- 7. Synthesis on ILP-SLP and theticity: MPs trigger topicality &amp -- stage level predicates -- 7.1 The theticity constraint -- 7.2 MPs have stronger illocutive force than modal adverbials -- 7.3 Generalizations on IL-SL distributions and MP-license -- 8. Summary and conclusions: The inceptive questions -- 8.1 Main argument -- 8.2 Methodology of MP-interpretation -- 8.3 Criteria of MP-interpretability -- 8.4 Typological conclusion: the syntactic specificity and uniqueness of MPs as opposed to epistemic adverbials -- References -- Italian non-canonical negations as modal particles -- 1. Introduction; 2. Romance non-canonical negations as discourse operators -- 3. The interplay of discourse givenness and hearer's knowledge -- 4. Italian 'mica': From discourse-old to discourse-new? -- 5. Italian 'mica' in direct questions: MICA1 and MICA2 -- 6. MICA1 vs. MICA2: Polarity and mirativity -- 7. Discourse-new but speaker-old in questions? -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- A format for the description of German modal particles and their functional equivalents in Croatian and English -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Modal particles in a cross-linguistic perspective -- 2.1 German and Croatian modal particles -- 2.1.1 Formal properties -- 2.1.2 Functional properties -- 2.2 Functional equivalents of MPs in Croatian and English -- 3. A format for the description of modal particles and their functional equivalents in a cross-linguistic perspective -- 3.1 Precursors -- 3.2 The descriptive format: The example of German bloβ and its equivalents -- 4. Outlook: Where do we go from here? -- References -- Cited corpora -- Part 3. Language-specific and diachronic studies -- Vocatives as a source category for pragmatic markers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Vocatives and familiarizers -- 3. Affectivity and expressivity -- 3.1 Affective stance: A sociolinguistic notion -- 3.2 Expressive functions of vocative-based markers -- 4. Functions of discourse organization -- 5. The evolution of 'güey' and 'alter' -- 5.1 Sociopragmatic indexicalities -- 5.2 'Güey' -- 5.3 'Alter' -- 5.4 Discourse markers vs. pragmatic markers -- 6. Conclusions: Affectivity as a catalyst -- References -- Paths of development of English DMs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Common trends in the development of English DMs -- 3. Two case studies -- 4. Further evidence -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Grammaticalization of PMs/DMs/MMs in Japanese -- 1. Introduction; 2. Source items and their developmental paths: DMs and MMs -- 2.1 Connectives of cause/concession vs. connectives of enumeration -- 2.1.1 Connectives of cause/concession -- 2.1.2 Connectives of enumeration -- 2.1.3 Connectives in functional contrast: Two different pathways -- 2.2 Sino-Japanese nouns vs. formal nouns -- 2.2.1 Sino-Japanese nouns -- 2.2.2 Formal nouns -- 2.2.3 Nouns in functional contrast: Two different pathways -- 2.3 Quotatives/Quotative conditionals -- 2.3.1 Quotatives -- 2.3.2 Quotative conditionals -- 3. Source Items and their developmental paths: PM -- 4. Function-Periphery Mapping -- 5. Implications on Beeching &amp -- Detges' Hypothesis -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Dubitative-corrective constructions in Italian -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Semantics and pragmatics of dubitative-corrective constructions -- 2.1 The dubitative-corrective semantic core -- 2.2 Pragmatic uses -- 3. Four case studies: Al limite, al massimo, tutt'al più, casomai -- 3.1 Al limite 'and' al massimo -- 3.1.1 Al limite -- 3.1.2 Al massimo -- 3.2 Tutt'al più -- 3.3 Casomai -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- On the pragmatic expansion of Polish 'gdzieś tam' 'somewhere (there)/about' -- 1. Preliminaries -- 2. Dictionary treatment of 'gdzieś' and 'tam' -- 3. Hedges and hedging -- 4. Materials and methods -- 5. Analysis and discussion -- 5.1 Problematic dichotomy between canonical and non-canonical GDZIEś TAM -- 5.2 Lexico-grammatical context of GDZIEś TAM -- 5.2.1 Syntactic scope -- 5.2.2 Lexical co-occurrences -- 5.3 Functions of non-canonical GDZIEś TAM -- I. Hedging functions -- II. Non-hedging function - 'gdzieś tam' as a marker of concept framing -- 6. Concluding remarks -- References -- A pragmatic approach to Joseph Wright's 'English Dialect Dictionary' -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Definition and methodology -- 3. Case studies -- 3.1 Aweel; 3.2 Lor-a-massy
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