Mannina, Giorgio.

Advances in Wastewater Treatment. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (413 pages)

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Primary treatment: Particle separation by rotating belt sieves -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 The Norwegian primary treatment evaluation programme -- 1.2 Rotating Belt Sieve (RBS) Technology -- 1.2.1 Characterization of wastewater through screening tests -- 1.3 Results and Experiences from RBS Operation in the Norwegian R& -- D Programme on Primary Treatment -- 1.3.1 Screening test results -- 1.3.2 Full-scale results -- 1.3.3 Chemically enhanced primary treatment -- 1.3.4 Sludge dewatering -- 1.3.5 Cost comparison -- 1.4 Results and Experiences from Recent Studies of RBS -- 1.4.1 Primary treatment -- 1.4.2 Chemically enhanced primary treatment in RBS -- 1.4.3 Sludge from rotating belt sieves -- 1.5 Impact of RBS Primary Treatment on Nitrogen Removal -- 1.5.1 Impact on MBBR -- 1.5.2 Impact on MBR -- 1.5.3 Operation of RBS in front of biological nitrogen removal process -- 1.6 Conclusions -- 1.7 References -- Chapter 2: Biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems with membranes -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Material and Methods -- 2.3 Overall MBR and CAS UCT System Performance -- 2.3.1 Organics (COD) removal -- 2.3.2 Pathogen (faecal coliform) removal -- 2.3.3 Trans-membrane pressure (TMP) -- 2.3.4 N and COD mass balances -- 2.3.5 Biological nitrogen removal -- 2.3.6 Biological phosphorus removal -- 2.3.7 System stability -- 2.3.8 Sludge production -- 2.4 Calculating the Bioprocess Specific Kinetic Rates -- 2.5 Nitrification Kinetics - Aerobic Batch Tests -- 2.5.1 Test and calculation procedures -- 2.5.2 Nitrification - results and discussion -- 2.6 Denitrification Kinetics - Anoxic Batch Tests -- 2.6.1 Batch test and calculation procedures -- 2.6.2 Denitrification kinetics - results and discussion. 2.7 Biological P Removal Kinetics - Anaerobic-Anoxic/Aerobic Batch Tests -- 2.7.1 Batch test and calculation procedures -- 2.7.2 Anaerobic P release and anoxic/aerobic P uptake behaviour -- 2.7.3 Anaerobic acetate uptake and P release kinetics -- 2.7.4 Aerobic and anoxic P uptake rates -- 2.7.5 Fermentation of readily biodegradable organics (RBO) -- 2.7.6 Comparing kinetic rates with those of other investigations -- 2.7.7 Comparing PAO and OHO denitrification behaviour in this and with other investigations -- 2.8 Membrane NDEBPR System Reactor Sizing Considerations -- 2.8.1 Converting between sludge mass fractions and volume fractions - general considerations -- 2.8.2 Derivation of the sludge mass - volume fraction equations -- 2.8.3 BNR systems with secondary settling tanks for solid-liquid separation -- 2.8.4 BNR systems with membranes for solid-liquid separation -- 2.8.5 Mass fraction flexibility in MBR BNR systems -- 2.8.6 Modelling MBR BNR systems -- 2.9 Conclusions -- 2.10 Acknowledgements -- 2.11 References -- Chapter 3: MBBR and IFAS systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 BOD-Removal -- 3.2.1 High-rate MBBR for BOD-removal -- 3.3 N-Removal by Nitrification/Denitrification -- 3.3.1 Nitrification -- 3.3.2 Denitrification -- 3.3.3 N-removal in MBBR-based IFAS plants -- 3.4 N-Removal by De-ammonification in MBBR-Based Plants -- 3.4.1 De-ammonification in the side-stream -- 3.4.2 De-ammonification in the main-stream -- 3.5 P-Removal -- 3.5.1 Chemical P-removal in MBBR and IFAS plants -- 3.5.2 Biological P-removal in MBBR plants -- 3.6 Organic Micro-Pollutant Removal -- 3.7 Separation of Biomass from MBBR and IFAS Systems -- 3.7.1 Separation characteristics of MBBR biomass -- 3.7.2 High-rate biomass separation after MBBRs -- 3.7.3 Biomass separation in IFAS systems -- 3.8 MBBR-Based Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Systems. 3.8.1 Pure MBBR + membrane (MBBR-MBR) -- 3.8.2 MBBR based hybrid MBR (IFAS MBR) -- 3.9 A Comparison Between MBBR-, MBR- and IFAS MBR Systems -- 3.10 Summary and Conclusions -- 3.11 References -- Chapter 4: Aerobic granular sludge: State of the art, applications, and new perspectives -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Structure and Composition of Aerobic Granules -- 4.2.1 Physical characteristics -- 4.2.2 Extracellular polymeric substances -- 4.2.3 Ion exchange and biologically induced precipitation -- 4.2.4 Microbial community and nutrient removal capabilities -- 4.3 Factors Affecting Granule Formation and Stability -- 4.3.1 Alternating "feast" and "famine" conditions -- 4.3.2 Hydrodynamic shear forces -- 4.3.3 Influent distribution -- 4.3.4 Selective wasting -- 4.3.5 Organic loading rate -- 4.3.6 Other environmental factors -- 4.3.7 Design considerations and control strategies -- 4.4 Application of Aerobic Granular Sludge to Municipal Wastewater -- 4.4.1 Municipal wastewater characteristics -- 4.4.2 Optional and required pretreatment of municipal wastewaters -- 4.4.3 Operational considerations for municipal wastewater treatment -- 4.4.4 Case study: Nereda® technology -- 4.5 Application of Aerobic Granular Sludge to Industrial Wastewaters -- 4.5.1 Agro-food wastewater -- 4.5.2 Petrochemical and oily wastewater -- 4.5.3 Landfill leachate -- 4.5.4 Wastewater contaminated by emerging micropollutants -- 4.6 Aerobic Granular Sludge in Continuous Flow Reactors -- 4.6.1 Operation under continuous flow -- 4.6.2 Current designs and outlook for the future -- 4.7 Conclusion -- 4.8 References -- Chapter 5: Membrane-based processes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 MBR advantage over activated sludge? -- 5.2 Aerobic Membrane Bioreactors (Activated Sludge Based) -- 5.2.1 The membrane in aerobic MBR systems -- 5.2.2 Fouling and its management -- 5.2.3 Future outlook. 5.3 Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors -- 5.3.1 AnMBR treatment performance and options -- 5.3.2 The membrane in anaerobic membrane bioreactor systems -- 5.3.3 Economics and future challenges -- 5.4 Conclusions -- 5.5 References -- Chapter 6: Organic micropollutant control -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Fate of Micropollutants in Municipal WWTPS -- 6.3 Biological Transformation Products -- 6.4 Additional Treatment to Control Micropollutant Removal -- 6.4.1 Ozonation followed by biological filters to remove oxidation by-products -- 6.4.2 Powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition -- 6.4.3 Granular activated carbon (GAC) filters -- 6.4.4 Process combinations -- 6.4.5 Control of operation -- 6.5 Conclusions and Outlook -- 6.6 References -- Chapter 7: Anaerobic digestion processes -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Principles of the Anaerobic Processes -- 7.3 Design and Operation of AD Reactors -- 7.3.1 Covered anaerobic lagoon -- 7.3.2 Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) -- 7.3.3 Anaerobic packed/fixed bed reactor -- 7.3.4 Anaerobic fluidized bed reactor -- 7.3.5 Anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor -- 7.3.6 Anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor -- 7.3.7 Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor -- 7.3.8 Hybrid anaerobic biofilm reactors -- 7.3.9 Two-stage anaerobic reactor -- 7.3.10 Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) -- 7.4 Substrate Pretreatment Methods for Enhanced AD -- 7.4.1 Mechanical pretreatment -- 7.4.2 Thermal pretreatment -- 7.4.3 Chemical pretreatment -- 7.4.4 Biological pretreatment -- 7.5 Techniques to Enhance Phosphorus Recovery During AD -- 7.5.1 Optimizing operational parameters -- 7.5.2 Chemical additives -- 7.6 Biofuel and Bioenergy -- 7.6.1 Biohydrogen -- 7.6.2 Production of electricity -- 7.7 Mathematical Modeling of Anaerobic Digestion -- 7.8 Conclusion and Future Developments -- 7.9 References. Chapter 8: Greenhouse gas emissions from membrane bioreactors -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 GHG Emission Mechanisms -- 8.2.1 Direct emissions -- 8.2.2 Indirect emissions -- 8.3 GHG from MBR: Literature Overview -- 8.4 Main Factors Affecting GHG Emissions -- 8.4.1 Direct emissions -- 8.4.2 Indirect emissions -- 8.5 Conclusions -- 8.6 Acknowledgements -- 8.7 References -- Chapter 9: Mixing - new insights and opportunities through computational fluid dynamics -- 9.1 Introduction - The Importance of Mixing -- 9.2 "Ideal Mixing" and Its Flaws and Limitations -- 9.3 Computational Fluid Dynamics: Brief Introduction -- 9.3.1 State of the art of CFD in wastewater treatment -- 9.3.2 The use of CFD to increase our insight into reactor mixing -- 9.3.3 How can CFD be used to improve current mixing models? -- 9.3.4 Extending the CFD modelling approach to other unit processes in WWTPs -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.5 Conclusions -- 9.6 References -- Chapter 10: Making water operations smarter -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Towards Smart Operations -- 10.3 Measurements -- 10.4 Monitoring and Analysis -- 10.4.1 Water supply monitoring -- 10.4.2 Analysing the user behaviour -- 10.5 Control and Decision -- 10.5.1 Water treatment control -- 10.5.2 Water distribution systems -- 10.5.3 Wastewater transport and treatment -- 10.5.4 Integrated control of sewer networks and wastewater treatment plants -- 10.5.5 Computer realizations of control systems -- 10.5.6 Actuators -- 10.6 Trends Towards Decentralization -- 10.6.1 ICA in decentralized systems -- 10.6.2 Operator competence -- 10.7 Conclusions -- 10.8 References -- Chapter 11: Global sensitivity analysis in wastewater treatment modelling -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Sensitivity Analysis Methods -- 11.2.1 Derivative-based -- 11.2.2 Regression-based -- 11.2.3 Screening -- 11.2.4 Variance-based. 11.3 GSA Applications for Wastewater Engineering.

9781780409719


Sewage-Purification.


Electronic books.

TD745 .M366 2018

628.3