Kulkarni, Ravi.

Ureteric Stenting. - 1st ed. - 1 online resource (320 pages)

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Anatomy of the Human Ureter -- 1.1 Structure -- 1.2 Blood Supply -- 1.3 Nerves -- 1.4 Embryology -- 1.5 Congenital Variations -- 1.5.2 Duplex -- 1.5.3 PUJ Obstruction -- 1.5.4 Ectopic Ureteric Orifice -- 1.5.5 Ureterocoeles -- 1.5.6 Mega-Ureter -- 1.5.7 Ureteric Diverticulae -- 1.6 Clinical Significance -- References -- Chapter 2 Anatomic Variations of the Ureter -- 2.1 Horseshoe Kidney -- 2.2 Duplex Ureter -- 2.3 Megaureter -- 2.4 Ectopic Ureter -- 2.5 Ureterocele -- References -- Chapter 3 The Pathophysiology of Upper Tract Obstruction -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Aetiology -- 3.3 Presentation -- 3.4 Diagnosis -- 3.4.1 Anatomical Imaging -- 3.4.2 Functional Studies -- 3.5 Consequences of Obstruction -- 3.5.1 Obstructive Uropathy -- 3.5.2 Obstructive Nephropathy -- 3.6 Post-Obstructive Outcomes -- 3.6.1 Parenchymal Damage and Functional Loss -- 3.6.2 Post Obstructive Diuresis -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Physiology of the Human Ureter -- 4.1 Historical Introduction -- 4.2 The Pain and Myths of Ureteric Colic -- 4.3 Anatomical and Functional Studies -- 4.4 Ureteric Transport Mechanisms -- 4.5 Physiological and Pharmacological Properties of Human Ureteric Muscle -- 4.6 The Effect of Metoclopramide and Glucagon -- 4.7 The Effect of Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitors -- 4.8 The Effect of Acid‐Base Changes Upon Ureteric Contractility -- 4.9 The Effects of Stents Upon Ureteric Function -- References -- Chapter 5 Etiology of Ureteric Obstruction -- 5.1 Congenital Causes -- 5.1.1 Ureterocele and Ureterovesical Reflux -- 5.1.2 Ureteric Valve -- 5.1.3 Ectopic and Retrocaval Kidney -- 5.1.4 Prune Belly Syndrome -- 5.2 Metabolic Causes -- 5.2.1 Ureterolithiasis -- 5.3 Neoplastic Causes -- 5.3.1 Primary Carcinoma of the Ureter. 5.3.2 Non-Urologic Malignancies -- 5.4 Inflammatory Causes -- 5.4.1 Stricture -- 5.4.2 Endometriosis and Tuberculosis -- 5.5 Miscellaneous Causes -- 5.5.1 Retroperitoneal Fibrosis -- 5.5.2 Pregnancy -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 The Role of the Interventional Radiologist in Managing Ureteric Obstruction -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Indications for Antegrade Stenting -- 6.3 Patient Preparation for Antegrade Stent Insertion -- 6.3.1 Pre-Procedure -- 6.3.2 Contra-Indications -- 6.3.3 Procedure -- 6.3.4 Complications -- 6.4 Stent Design -- 6.5 The One-Stage Antegrade Stent -- 6.6 The Rendezvous Procedure -- 6.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7 Emergency Management of Ureteric Obstruction -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Identifying Patients with Obstructive Pyelonephritis -- 7.3 Outcomes by Drainage Modality -- 7.4 Comparative Effectiveness -- 7.5 Quality of Life (QOL) -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 The History and Evolution of Ureteral Stents -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 History and Evolution of Stent Nomenclature -- 8.3 Ancient History -- 8.4 Recent History -- 8.5 Further Advances in Ureteral Stent Technology -- References -- Chapter 9 Ureteral Stent Materials: Past, Present, and Future -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Materials -- 9.2.1 Silicone and Silitek -- 9.2.2 Polyurethane -- 9.2.3 Modified Polyurethanes and Proprietary Materials -- 9.2.4 Metallic Stents -- 9.2.5 Coatings -- 9.2.6 Future Directions: Biodegradable Materials and Changes in Design -- 9.2.7 Autologous and Engineered Tissue -- References -- Chapter 10 Physical Characteristics of Stents -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 History -- 10.3 Standard -- 10.4 Long-Term Use (Metal) -- 10.5 Comfort/Convenience -- 10.6 Dissolvable Stent -- 10.7 Drainage -- 10.8 Anti-Reflux -- 10.9 Self-Expanding -- 10.10 Thermo-Expanding -- 10.11 Spiral Stent -- 10.12 Film-Anchoring Stent. 10.12.1 Infection/Biofilm -- 10.13 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 11 Coated and Drug-Eluting Stents -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Stent Coatings -- 11.2.1 Hydrophilic Coatings -- 11.2.2 Phosphorylcholine -- 11.2.3 Diamond-Like Carbon -- 11.2.4 Glycosaminoglycans -- 11.2.5 Antibiotic Coatings -- 11.2.6 MPEG-DOPA -- 11.3 Drug-Eluting Stents -- 11.3.1 Triclosan -- 11.3.2 Ketorolac -- 11.3.3 Chlorhexidine -- 11.3.4 Metal Drug-Eluting Stents -- 11.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 Coated and Drug-Eluting Ureteric Stents -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Drug-Eluting Metal Stents -- 12.2.1 The Concept of Drug-Eluting Stents -- 12.2.2 Design and Structure of Drug-Eluting Stents -- 12.3 Pharmaceutical Substances -- 12.4 Drug-Eluting Stents in Urology -- 12.5 Coated Metallic Stents -- 12.5.1 The Concept of Coated Metal Stents -- 12.5.2 Coated Metal Stents in Urology -- 12.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13 Ureteric Stents: A Perspective from the Developing World -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Pattern of JJ Stent Usage in India -- 13.2.1 Common Indication of Usage -- 13.2.2 Stent Placement -- 13.3 Stent Types and Economics -- 13.4 Stent Tracking and Removal -- 13.5 Stent Register -- 13.6 Forgotten JJ Stents (Figures 13.1-13.3) -- 13.7 Why the Forgotten Stent is a Major Problem in India? -- 13.8 Trends in Management of Forgotten Stent -- 13.9 JJ Stents Outside the Ureter and Pelvicalyceal System -- 13.10 Tips and Tricks for the Management of Migrated and Misplaced Stents -- 13.11 Recommended Protocol for the Repositioning of Incorrectly Placed Stents -- References -- Chapter 14 Ethical Issues in Ureteric Stenting -- 14.1 Clinical Presentation -- 14.2 Salvage Therapy Options -- 14.3 Patient Desire -- 14.4 Patient Status, Family and Social Issues -- 14.5 Ethical Issues in Benign Ureteric Obstruction -- 14.6 Role of Palliative Care Teams. 14.7 A Multidisciplinary Approach -- 14.8 Other Considerations -- 14.9 Summary -- References -- Chapter 15 Equipment and Technical Considerations During Ureteric Stenting -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Equipment -- 15.2.1 Cystoscope -- 15.2.2 Fluoroscopy Guidance -- 15.2.3 Guidewires -- 15.2.4 Ureteral Catheters -- 15.2.5 Coaxial Dilators -- 15.2.6 Dual‐Lumen Catheter -- 15.2.7 Contrast -- 15.2.8 High-Pressure Catheters and Balloon Dilators -- 15.2.9 "Hockey Stick" KMP or Imager II Catheters -- 15.2.10 Ureteral Stent -- 15.3 Tips and Tricks -- 15.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16 Extra-Anatomic Stent Urinary Bypass -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Indications -- 16.3 Contraindications -- 16.4 The Paterson Forrester Stent -- 16.5 Stent Placement -- 16.6 Top End Aspect of Stent Insertion Procedure (Kidney Aspect) -- 16.7 Tunneling Procedure -- 16.8 Lower Aspect of Stent Insertion Procedure (Bladder Puncture) -- 16.9 The Technique of Stent Changes -- 16.10 Complications and How to Deal With Them -- 16.10.1 Early Issues -- 16.10.2 Late Issues -- 16.11 Future Developments -- References -- Chapter 17 Detour Extra-Anatomical Ureteric Stent -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 The Need for an Extra‐Anatomic Drainage -- 17.3 Prerequisites for Extra‐Anatomic Stenting -- 17.4 Experience with the Extra‐Anatomic JJ Stent -- 17.5 Experience With the Detour Stent -- 17.6 Personal Experience with Detour Stent -- 17.7 The Technique -- 17.8 Alternative Techniques -- 17.9 Complications -- 17.9.1 Infection -- 17.9.2 Recurrent Obstruction -- 17.9.3 An Algorithm -- 17.9.4 Summary -- References -- Chapter 18 Tandem Ureteral Stents -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Mechanism of Ureteral Stent Failure and Corrective Measures -- 18.3 Tandem Ureteral Stents -- 18.4 Technique -- 18.5 Limited Evidence -- 18.6 Cost Considerations -- 18.7 Conclusion -- References. Chapter 19 Biodegradable Ureteric Stents -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Material -- 19.3 Research -- 19.4 Temporary Ureteral Drainage StentTM -- 19.5 UripreneTM -- 19.6 Future Directions -- 19.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 20 Metallic Ureteric Stents -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Which Metal? -- 20.3 Other Metallic Ureteric Stents -- 20.3.1 Memotherm -- 20.3.2 Memokath 051 -- 20.3.3 Resonance -- 20.3.4 Allium -- 20.3.5 Uventa -- 20.3.6 Other Metallic Stents -- 20.4 Results -- 20.4.1 Migration of Metallic Stents -- 20.4.2 Encrustation -- 20.4.3 Endothelial Hyperplasia -- 20.4.4 Impacted Metallic Stents -- 20.5 Cost -- 20.6 Current Status -- References -- Chapter 21 Removal of Ureteric Stents -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 The Technique of JJ Stent Removal -- 21.3 String on the Stent -- 21.4 Removal of Segmental and Metallic Stents -- 21.4.1 Memokath Stent -- 21.4.2 UVENTA Stent -- 21.4.3 Allium -- 21.4.4 Resonance Stent -- 21.5 Other Stents -- 21.6 Technical Considerations -- 21.7 Removal of Migrated Ureteric Stents -- 21.8 Removal of Encrusted Stents -- 21.9 Ileal Conduit Stents -- 21.10 Antibiotic Prophylaxis -- 21.11 Other Considerations -- References -- Chapter 22 Encrustation of Indwelling Urinary Devices -- 22.1 Bacterial-Associated Encrustation -- 22.2 Non-Bacterial Causes of Encrustation -- 22.3 Non-Bacterial Based Indwelling Device Encrustation -- 22.4 Preventing Encrustation of Indwelling Urinary Devices -- 22.5 Stent Coatings -- 22.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 23 Stent Migration -- 23.1 Introduction -- 23.2 Why Stents Migrate? -- 23.3 Where Do Stents Migrate? -- 23.4 Stent Length and Migration -- 23.5 Which Stents Migrate? -- 23.5.1 Stent Diameter, Material and Risk of Migration -- 23.5.2 Segmental Stents and Migration -- 23.6 Etiology of Ureteric Stricture and Migration -- 23.7 Detection of Stent Migration. 23.8 Management of Migrated Stents.

9781119085690


Stents (Surgery).
Ureters-Surgery.


Electronic books.

RD598.35.S73 .U748 2017

617.462