TY  - BOOK
AU  - Wintgens,Thomas
AU  - Nattorp,Anders
AU  - Elango,Lakshmanan
TI  - Natural Water Treatment Systems for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in the Indian Context: Saph Pani
SN  - 9781780408392
AV  - TD430N388 2016 
U1  - 363.610954 
PY  - 2016///
CY  - London
PB  - IWA Publishing
KW  - Water--Purification--India
KW  - Electronic books
N1  - Cover -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Foreword by Rossella Riggio and Dr. Panagiotis Balabanis (European Commission) -- Foreword by P. Rajendra Prasad (Saph Pani Advisory Board) -- Acknowledgements -- Glossary -- FURTHER INFORMATION -- Chapter 1: Introduction to natural water treatment systems in the Indian context -- 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SAPH PANI -- 1.1.1 Water resources in India -- 1.1.2 The role of natural treatment technologies in mitigating water scarcity in India -- 1.1.3 Saph Pani project objectives -- 1.1.4 Saph Pani approach and methodology -- 1.2 SAPH PANI CASE STUDY SITES -- 1.2.1 Field site in Haridwar by Ganga River -- 1.2.2 Field site in Srinagar by Alaknanda River -- 1.2.3 Nainital by Nainital Lake -- 1.2.4 National Capital Territory (NCT) Delhi by Yamuna River -- 1.2.5 Maheshwaram -- 1.2.6 Chennai -- 1.2.7 Raipur -- 1.2.8 Mumbai -- 1.2.9 Hyderabad, Musi River watershed -- 1.2.10 MAR and SAT Case study summary -- 1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK -- 1.4 REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: Overview of bank filtration in India and the need for flood-proof RBF systems -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 OVERVIEW OF BANK FILTRATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA -- 2.2.1 Summary of design-parameters of bank filtration systems in India -- 2.2.2 Overview of water quality aspects at bank filtration sites -- 2.2.3 Mitigation of risks to bank filtration sites in India -- 2.3 RISKS FROM MONSOON FLOODS TO BANK FILTRATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA -- 2.3.1 The effect of the monsoon on drinking water production -- 2.3.2 Risks to riverbank filtration sites from floods -- 2.3.3 Flood-risk identification at the RBF case study sites of Haridwar and Srinagar -- Description of RBF site and extreme flood event in Srinagar -- Summary of identifiable risks and existing flood protection measures -- Failure of main power supply and contingency measures; 2.4 ASSESSMENT OF RISKS TO BANK FILTRATION WELLS -- 2.4.1 Design of wells and direct contamination -- 2.4.2 Field investigations on the removal of bacteriological indicators -- 2.4.3 Removal of coliforms under field conditions simulated for the river-aquifer interface -- 2.5 MITIGATION OF FLOOD-RISKS AT RBF SITES -- 2.5.1 Risk management plans for RBF sites in Haridwar and Srinagar -- Operational and technical aspects -- Health aspects -- 2.5.2 Need for construction of flood-proof RBF wells -- Criteria for flood protection measures of RBF wells -- Sanitary sealing of RBF wells -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 2.6 REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: Lake bank filtration for water supply in Nainital -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION -- 3.2 STUDY SITE -- 3.3 GEOLOGY OF THE TUBE-WELL SITE -- 3.4 WATER BALANCE -- 3.5 METHODOLOGY -- 3.5.1 Sample collection -- 3.5.2 Sample analysis -- 3.6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3.6.1 Spatio-temporal variation in lake water quality -- 3.6.2 Proportion of bank filtrate and groundwater in the wells -- 3.6.3 Attenuation of coliforms, turbidity and dissolved organics -- 3.6.4 Ionic composition of waters -- 3.6.5 Comparison with previous literature -- 3.7 CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 3.8 REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: Application of bank filtration in aquifers affected by ammonium - The Delhi example -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 NITROGEN -- 4.2.1 Occurrence and effects -- 4.2.2 Guideline values -- 4.2.3 Nitrogen in surface water bodies -- 4.2.4 Nitrogen in sewage water -- 4.3 THE DELHI CASE STUDY -- 4.3.1 Overview -- 4.3.2 Study area -- Previous research -- Geology and hydrogeology -- Description of the production wells -- 4.3.3 Field studies -- Water and sediment sampling -- Results: Ammonium concentrations at the field site -- 4.3.4 Laboratory studies -- Sediment analyses -- Column experiments -- Results of the column experiments -- 4.3.5 1D Transport modelling; Adsorption modelling -- Desorption modelling -- 4.4 OVERVIEW OF REMEDIATION AND POST-TREATMENT OPTIONS -- 4.5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 4.5.1 Recommended remediation -- 4.5.2 Recommended post-treatment -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- 4.6 REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: Overview of Managed Aquifer Recharge in India -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION -- 5.1.1 Scope -- 5.1.2 Definition of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) -- 5.1.3 Structures for MAR -- Surface spreading -- Contour bund and contour trench -- Bench terracing -- Percolation or infiltration pond or tank and recharge basin -- Check dam, nala bund -- Gully plug and gabion wall -- Recharge pit -- Recharge shaft -- Injection well or recharge well -- Underground dam -- Rooftop rainwater harvesting structure -- Dug well recharge -- 5.2 HYDROLOGIC CYCLE OF INDIA -- 5.2.1 Current overall situation -- 5.2.2 Spatial and seasonal variation -- 5.2.3 Future water demand -- 5.3 COORDINATED ACTIONS FOR PROMOTING ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE -- 5.3.1 Pilot schemes of the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) -- 5.3.2 Implementation schemes -- 5.4 STATE-OF-THE-ART OF MAR IMPLEMENTATION IN INDIA -- 5.4.1 Source water availability -- 5.4.2 Hydrogeological data -- 5.4.3 Surface and groundwater quality over time -- Pathogens -- Organic chemicals -- Ionic contamination -- Experience from case studies on SAT in India -- 5.4.4 Infiltration rate and prevention of clogging -- 5.4.5 Maintenance of the structure and the surrounding area -- 5.5 CONCLUSION -- 5.6 REFERENCES -- Chapter 6: Groundwater responses due to various MAR structures: Case studies from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.2 PERCOLATION POND -- 6.2.1 Problem statement and objectives -- 6.2.2 Results and interpretation -- Water table rise -- Estimation of recharge -- Estimation of physical clogging -- Groundwater quality -- 6.2.3 Discussion -- 6.3 CHECK DAM; 6.3.1 Problem statement and objectives -- 6.3.2 Check dam at Paleswaram -- Results and interpretation -- Estimation of recharge from the check dam -- Impact on groundwater level -- Improvement in groundwater quality due to recharge -- 6.3.3 Check dam at Ariapakkam -- 6.3.4 Discussion -- 6.4 TEMPLE TANKS IN CHENNAI CITY -- 6.4.1 Site description -- 6.4.2 Problem statement and objectives -- 6.4.3 Results and interpretation -- 6.4.4 Discussion -- 6.5 CONCLUSION -- 6.6 REFERENCES -- Chapter 7: Percolation tanks as managed aquifer recharge structures in crystalline aquifers - An example from the Maheshwaram watershed -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 SITE DESCRIPTION -- 7.2.1 Maheshwaram watershed -- 7.2.2 Main characteristics of the crystalline rock aquifer -- 7.2.3 Tummulur tank monitoring program -- 7.3 RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION -- 7.3.1 Field results and observation -- 7.3.2 Tummulur tank water balance -- 7.3.3 Flow characteristics in crystalline aquifer -- 7.3.4 Impact of Tummulur tank recharge on groundwater quality -- 7.3.5 Stable isotopes -- 7.4 DISCUSSION -- 7.5 CONCLUSION -- 7.6 REFERENCES -- Chapter 8: Constructed wetlands and other engineered natural treatment systems: India status report -- 8.1 INTRODUCTION -- 8.1.1 Significance of natural treatment systems in the context of India -- 8.1.2 Scope and objectives -- 8.2 METHODOLOGY -- 8.2.1 Questionnaire for the survey and identification of the sites -- 8.2.2 Data collection and assessment -- 8.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 8.3.1 Performance of WWTPs based on engineered natural treatment technologies in India -- 8.3.2 Natural treatment technologies practiced in India -- 8.3.3 Problems associated with operation and maintenance of NTSs across India -- 8.3.4 Issues associated with management of NTSs in India -- 8.3.5 Post-treatment and reuse of effluents from NTSs in India; 8.4 CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS LEARNT -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 8.5 REFERENCES -- 8.6 APPENDIX -- Chapter 9: Experiences with laboratory and pilot scale constructed wetlands for treatment of sewages and effluents -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION -- 9.1.1 Scope and objectives -- 9.2 METHODOLOGY -- 9.2.1 Studies on media and vegetation -- 9.2.2 Kinetic studies using laboratory CW-reactors -- 9.2.3 Studies in pilot-scale HSSF-CW facility -- 9.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 9.3.1 Characterization of media and vegetation -- 9.3.2 Biodegradation kinetics using laboratory CW-reactors -- 9.3.3 Performance assessment using pilot-scale HSSF-CW -- 9.3.4 Strategies for performance enhancement -- 9.4 CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS LEARNT -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 9.5 REFERENCES -- Chapter 10: Significance of incorporating constructed wetlands to enhance reuse of treated wastewater in India -- 10.1 INTRODUCTION -- 10.1.1 The potential of constructed wetlands for treatment of wastewater -- 10.1.2 Scope and objectives -- 10.2 IN-DEPTH ASSESSMENT THROUGH CASE STUDIES -- 10.2.1 HSSF-CW at Mansagar lake, in the city of Jaipur, state of Rajasthan in Northern India: Case study 1 -- 10.2.2 HSSF-CW in katchpura slum, city of Agra, state of Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: Case study 2 -- 10.2.3 HSSF-CW in Pipar Majra, a rural community in the district Ropar, state of Punjab in northern India: Case study 3 -- 10.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 10.3.1 Highlights of the performance of selected case studies -- 10.3.2 Lessons learnt from rejuvenation of Lake in the city of Jaipur -- 10.3.3 Lessons learnt from decentralized treatment of wastewater from a peri-urban community in Agra -- 10.3.4 Lessons learnt from decentralized treatment of wastewater from a rural community -- 10.3.5 Typologies of failures of constructed wetlands and remedial measures -- 10.4 CONCLUSIONS AND LEASSONS LEARNT -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; 10.5 REFERENCES
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