Rhythms of Insect Evolution : Evidence from the Jurassic and Cretaceous in Northern China.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 Jurassic‐Cretaceous Non‐Marine Stratigraphy and Entomofaunas in Northern China -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Non‐marine Jurassic and Cretaceous Insect Fossil‐Bearing Lithostratigraphic Division and Correlation in Northern China -- 1.2.1 Yumen‐Jiuquan Basin in Gansu Province -- 1.2.2 Intermountain Volcanic Basins in Beijing‐Northern Hebei‐Western Liaoning‐Southeastern Inner Mongolia -- 1.3 Non‐marine Jurassic and Cretaceous Entomofaunas in Northern China -- 1.3.1 Yanliao Entomofauna -- 1.3.2 Jehol Entomofauna in the Yanliao Area -- 1.3.3 Fuxin Entomofauna -- 1.4 Geological Ages of Non‐marine Jurassic and Cretaceous Strata and Entomofaunas in Northern China -- References -- Chapter 2 Coexisting Animals and Plants in the Ecosystems -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Representative Fossils of Coexisting Animals -- 2.3. Representative Fossils of Coexisting Plants -- References -- Chapter 3 Insects-In the Spotlight -- 3.1 Introduction to Insects -- 3.2 How to Identify an Insect -- 3.3 Origin and Evolution of Insects -- References -- Chapter 4 A History of Paleoentomology in China -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Early Foundational Studies (1923-1935) -- 4.3 Early Taxonomic Studies (1965-1985) -- 4.4 Major Taxonomic Studies (1985-Present) -- 4.5 Phylogenetic and Paleobiological Studies (1991-Present) -- 4.6 International Cooperative Studies (2000-Present) -- References -- Chapter 5 Ephemeroptera-Mayflies -- 5.1 Introduction to Ephemeroptera -- 5.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Ephemeroptera -- 5.3 Representative Fossils of Ephemeroptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 6 Odonata-Dragonflies and Damselflies -- 6.1 Introduction to Odonata -- 6.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Odonata.

6.3 Representative Fossils of Odonata from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 7 Blattaria-Cockroaches -- 7.1 Introduction to Blattaria -- 7.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Blattodea -- 7.3 Representative Fossils of Blattaria from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 8 Termitoidae-Termites -- 8.1 Introduction to Termitoidae -- 8.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Termites -- 8.3 Representative Fossil Termites from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 9 Orthoptera-Grasshoppers and Katydids -- 9.1 Introduction to Orthoptera -- 9.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Orthoptera -- 9.3 Representative Fossils of Orthoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 10 Notoptera-Rock Crawlers and Ice Crawlers -- 10.1 Introduction to Notoptera (Mantophasmatodea and Grylloblattodea) -- 10.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Notoptera (Mantophasmatodea and Grylloblattodea) -- 10.3 Representative Fossils of Notoptera (Mantophasmatodea and Grylloblattodea) from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 11 Dermaptera-Earwigs -- 11.1 Introduction to Dermaptera -- 11.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Dermaptera -- 11.3 Representative Fossils of Dermaptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 12 Chresmodidae-Water‐Walking Insects -- 12.1 Introduction to Chresmodidae -- 12.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Chresmodidae -- 12.3 Representative Fossils of Chresmodidae from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 13 Phasmatodea-Stick Insects and Leaf Insects -- 13.1 Introduction to Phasmatodea -- 13.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Phasmatodea -- 13.3 Representative Fossils of Phasmatodea from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 14 Plecoptera-Stoneflies -- 14.1 Introduction to Plecoptera -- 14.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Plecoptera -- 14.3 Representative Fossils of Plecoptera from Northern China -- References.

Chapter 15 Psocoptera-Barklice and Booklice -- 15.1 Introduction to Psocoptera -- 15.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Psocoptera -- 15.3 Representative Fossils of Psocoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 16 Homoptera-Cicadas and Hoppers -- 16.1 Introduction to Homoptera -- 16.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Homoptera -- 16.3 Representative Fossils of Homoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 17 Heteroptera-True Bugs -- 17.1 Introduction to Heteroptera -- 17.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Heteroptera and Fossil Coleorrhyncha -- 17.3 Representative Fossils of Heteroptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 18 Megaloptera-Dobsonflies, Fishflies, and Alderflies -- 18.1 Introduction to Megaloptera -- 18.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Megaloptera -- 18.3 Representative Fossils of Megaloptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 19 Raphidioptera-Snakeflies -- 19.1 Introduction to Raphidioptera -- 19.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Raphidioptera -- 19.3 Representative Fossils of Raphidioptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 20 Neuroptera-Lacewings -- 20.1 Introduction to Neuroptera -- 20.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Neuroptera -- 20.3 Representative Fossils of Neuroptera from the Jurassic and Cretaceous of Northern China -- References -- Chapter 21 Coleoptera-Beetles -- 21.1 Introduction to Coleoptera -- 21.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Coleoptera -- 21.3 Representative Fossils of Coleoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 22 Hymenoptera-Sawflies and Wasps -- 22.1 Introduction to Hymenoptera -- 22.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Hymenoptera -- 22.3 Representative Fossils of Hymenoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 23 Diptera-True Flies with Two Wings -- 23.1 Introduction to Diptera -- 23.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Diptera.

23.3 Representative Fossils of Diptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 24 Mecoptera-Scorpionflies and Hangingflies -- 24.1 Introduction to Mecoptera -- 24.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Mecoptera -- 24.3 Representative Fossils of Mecoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 25 Siphonaptera-Fleas -- 25.1 Introduction to Siphonaptera -- 25.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Fleas -- 25.3 Representative Fossils of Siphonaptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 26 Trichoptera-Caddisflies -- 26.1 Introduction to Trichoptera -- 26.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Trichoptera -- 26.3 Representative Fossils of Trichoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 27 Lepidoptera-Butterflies and Moths -- 27.1 Introduction to Lepidoptera -- 27.2 Progress in the Studies of Fossil Lepidoptera -- 27.3 Representative Fossils of Lepidoptera from Northern China -- References -- Chapter 28 Insect Feeding -- 28.1 Introduction -- 28.2 Pollination Mutualism-Feeding on Pollination Drops Before Angiosperms -- 28.2.1 Scorpionflies with Elongate Siphonate Mouthparts -- 28.2.2 Kalligrammatid Lacewings with Elongate Siphonate Mouthparts -- 28.3 Predation-Preying on Other Insects -- 28.3.1 Mantispid Lacewings with Raptorial Forelegs -- 28.3.2 Dipteromantispidae with Raptorial Forelegs -- 28.3.3 Hangingflies-Bittacidae and Cimbrophlebiidae -- 28.4 Blood Feeding by Ectoparasite Fleas -- 28.5 Blood Feeding by True Bugs -- 28.6 Herbivores: Feeding on Plant Matter as Evidenced by Insect Damage Types -- References -- Chapter 29 Camouflage, Mimicry or Eyespot Warning -- 29.1 Introduction -- 29.2 Camouflage by Fossil Insects -- 29.2.1 Irregular Light and Dark Patches Covering the Entire Wing -- 29.2.2 Irregular Dark or Light Markings on Part of the Margin and/or Center of Wing -- 29.2.3 Dispersed Dark Spots Large or Small.

29.2.4 Dispersed Small Light Spots or Large Light Spots Surrounded by Small Dark Spots -- 29.2.5 Regular Transverse (from Anterior to Posterior Margin) Stripes of Light and Dark Bands -- 29.2.6 Regular Longitudinal (from Base to the Apex) Stripes of Light and Dark Bands -- 29.3 Mimicry by Fossil Insects -- 29.3.1 Ancient Pinnate Leaf Mimicry among Lacewings -- 29.3.2 Mimicry and Mutualism among Hangingflies and Ginkgo Plants -- 29.4 Eyespot Warning for Fossil Insects -- 29.4.1 Eyespots and Spots on the Forewings of Kalligrammatids -- 29.5 Summary and Prospects -- References -- Chapter 30 Gene Propagation-Courtship, Mating, and Next Generation -- 30.1 Introduction -- 30.2 Extreme Sexual Display -- 30.3 Serenade with Love Songs -- 30.4 Sensing and Locating Potential Mates with Ramified Antennae -- 30.5 Forever Love-The Hitherto Earliest Record of Copulating Insects -- 30.6 Long Ovipositors Used for Laying Eggs into Hosts -- 30.7 Breeding-Oviposition, Gall and Leaf Mining -- References -- Index -- EULA.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.