Aeration, Mixing, and Energy : Bubbles and Sparks.

Cover -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the Editor -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Aeration equipment -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Blower House -- 1.2.1 Types of blowers -- 1.2.2 Airflow control -- 1.2.3 Application and selection -- 1.2.4 Blower testing -- 1.2.5 Blower upgrades and recommendations -- 1.3 The Aeration Tank -- 1.3.1 Mechanical aeration -- 1.3.2 Bubble aeration -- 1.3.3 Comparative performance summary -- 1.4 References -- Chapter 2: Aeration fundamentals, performance and monitoring -- 2.1 Fundamentals of Oxygen Transfer -- 2.1.1 Clean water -- 2.1.2 In process water -- 2.1.3 The mysterious alpha factor -- 2.1.4 Fine bubbles, coarse bubbles, and droplets -- 2.2 Factors Affecting Oxygen Transfer -- 2.2.1 The impact of sludge retention time -- 2.2.2 Role of selectors -- 2.2.3 Reactor characteristics -- 2.2.4 Diffuser fouling, scaling, and cleaning -- 2.2.5 Mixed liquor concentrations -- 2.2.6 Extracellular polymeric substances -- 2.2.7 The impact of environmental factors -- 2.2.8 Impact of hydrodynamics -- 2.3 Testing Aeration Systems -- 2.3.1 Why we need testing standards -- 2.3.2 Clean water tests -- 2.3.3 Process water tests -- 2.3.4 Testing pitfalls -- 2.4 References -- Chapter 3: Mixing in activated sludge systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Mixing and aeration: either, both or neither? -- 3.1.2 Conservative approach: a typical headache -- 3.1.3 Mixing and flocculation -- 3.2 Quantifying the Degree of Mixing -- 3.2.1 Quantifying mixing: traditional methods -- 3.2.2 New generation: methods for mixing quantification -- 3.3 Design Criteria -- 3.3.1 Comparison criteria for mixing methods -- 3.3.2 Mixing design criteria: rules of thumb -- 3.3.3 Mixing efficiency and power requirements -- 3.4 Mixing Equipment -- 3.4.1 Rotating impellers -- 3.4.2 Pump mixers -- 3.4.3 Air-powered mixing -- 3.5 References.

Chapter 4: Aeration control - fundamentals -- 4.1 Motives for Control -- 4.1.1 The significance of dynamics -- 4.1.2 The concept of feedback -- 4.2 Process Dynamics -- 4.2.1 Dynamics of the aeration supply system -- 4.2.2 Dynamics of microbial processes in nitrogen removal -- 4.3 Control Structures and Algorithms -- 4.3.1 Control structures -- 4.3.2 Control algorithms -- 4.3.3 Defining the control goal -- 4.3.4 Controller tuning -- 4.4 Summary -- 4.5 References -- Chapter 5: Aeration control - implementation -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Components of a Control System -- 5.2.1 Sensors in aeration control -- 5.2.2 The air supply system: actuators -- 5.3 Implementing Aeration Control -- 5.3.1 Definition of control goals and constraints -- 5.3.2 Data collection and analysis -- 5.3.3 Design and preparations -- 5.3.4 Implementation -- 5.3.5 Operation and maintenance -- 5.4 Outlook -- 5.5 References -- Chapter 6: Energy intensity of aeration -- 6.1 The Role of Aeration Energy -- 6.1.1 Aeration in biological wastewater treatment -- 6.2 Power Demand, Energy Consumption, and Tariffs -- 6.2.1 Peak shaving strategies -- 6.2.2 Energy tariff structures -- 6.2.3 Billing terms: understanding the electrical bill -- 6.2.4 Benefits of understanding energy tariff structures -- 6.3 Dynamics of Aeration Energy -- 6.3.1 Circadian amplification of air requirements -- 6.3.2 Circadian amplification of energy-associated GHG emissions -- 6.4 Energy Consequences of Inefficient or Fouled Equipment -- 6.4.1 From efficient to inefficient fine-pore diffusers -- 6.4.2 Understanding fouling -- 6.4.3 Influence of the organic load in biofouling -- 6.4.4 Breaking down the aggregate fouling factor -- 6.5 The Link Between Process Biology and Power Bill -- 6.5.1 Relationship between energy requirements and microbial growth -- 6.5.2 Translating the biofouling to energy costs -- 6.6 References.

Chapter 7: Modelling aeration and energy -- 7.1 Why Dynamic Modelling -- 7.2 The Art and Science of Specifying Alpha Factors -- 7.2.1 Alpha accuracy during design and specification of aeration systems -- 7.2.2 Daily dynamics and α -- 7.2.3 Modelling α profiles -- 7.3 Energy Modelling of Aeration Performance -- 7.3.1 SOTE curves vs. the 2%/ft assumption -- 7.3.2 Constant vs. dynamic α -- 7.4 Future Outlook of Modelling Aeration and Energy -- 7.5 References -- Chapter 8: Sustainable aeration practice: design and diagnostics -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Equipment Specification: In Situ Data Collection -- 8.3 Equipment Performance Monitoring and Maintenance -- 8.4 Roles and Term Definitions: Who is Doing What -- 8.5 Aeration Diagnostics: Walking Around the Plant -- 8.6 Process Stability Benefits of Good Aeration Practices -- 8.7 Mechanically Simple Aeration Systems -- 8.8 The Elephant in the Room: HPO Processes -- 8.9 References -- Epilogue -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.