Globalization Policies and Issues.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Globalization, Offshoring, and Multinational Companies: What Are the Questions, and How Well -- Are We Doing in Answering Them? -- I. Introduction -- II. What Questions Are Being Asked about MNCs? -- A. Brief History -- B. What Are the Questions, and How Well Are We Answering Them? -- C. Although We Can Answer Many of the Key Questions, Even for These Questions There Nonetheless Remains Substantial Additional Work -- III. What Should BEA or Other Statistical Organizations Be Doing, to Provide More and Better Data to Our Users? -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- References -- Chapter 2 -- U.S. Agricultural Policy Response to WTO Cotton Decision* -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The WTO Dispute Settlement Panel's Recommendation -- Brazil's Response -- U.S. Response -- Recent Developments -- Potential Effects to U.S. Agriculture of Proposed Changes -- Role of Congress -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Dispute Settlement in the World Trade Organization: An Overview* -- Abstract -- Background -- Steps in a WTO Dispute Proceeding -- References -- Chapter 4 -- Trade Remedies: A Primer* -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Overview -- Congressional Interest -- AD and CVD Laws and Investigations -- U.S. Statutes and Eligibility Criteria -- U.S. International Obligations -- AD and CVD Investigations -- Antidumping Act of 1916 -- Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act -- AD/CVD Legislation in the 109th Congress -- Safeguard (Escape Clause) Measures -- Statutory Authority -- Section 201 Eligibility Criteria -- U.S. International Obligations -- Section 201 Safeguard Investigations -- 2002 Steel Safeguard Action -- Section 406 Relief -- "Surge Protection" from Chinese Imports -- Safeguard Legislation in the 109th Congress -- Conclusion -- Appendix. Summary of U.S. Trade Remedy Laws -- References -- Chapter 5.

WTO Doha Round: The Agricultural Negotiations* -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Current Status: The Indefinite Suspension of Doha Round Negotiations -- The Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration -- Incremental Progress on Agriculture in the Hong Kong Declaration -- Agricultural Negotiating Developments Preceding the Hong Kong Ministerial -- Overview -- Comparison of Major Agricultural Negotiating Proposals -- Export Competition -- Domestic Support -- Market Access -- Export Competition -- Domestic Support -- Market Access -- Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSG) -- Geographical Indications (GIs) -- Special and Differential Treatment (SDT) for developing countries -- Conditions -- Export Competition -- Domestic Support -- Market Access -- Market Access -- Domestic Support -- The Cotton Issue: Background -- Role of Developing Countries -- Other Negotiating Issues -- Role of Congress: Trade Promotion Authority and the Farm Bill -- Background on the Doha Round -- Agricultural Negotiations: Doha to Cancun -- July 2004 Framework Agreement for Agriculture -- Pillar 1 - Export Competition -- Export Competition Issues to Be Resolved -- Pillar 2 - Domestic Support -- What Was Agreed to in the Framework -- Domestic Support Issues to Be Resolved -- Pillar 3 - Market Access -- What Was Agreed to in the Framework -- Market Access Issues to Be Resolved -- Potential Effects of a Successful Doha Round -- Global Trade and GDP -- U.S. Farm Policy Implications -- Potential Economic Impact on U.S. Agriculture -- Information Sources -- CRS Reports -- Other Sources -- Appendix Table 1. Chronology of Key Events -- Appendix Table 2. Key Players in the WTO DDA Negotiations -- Appendix Table 3. Key Terms from the WTO Agreement -- on Agriculture And The DDA -- References -- Chapter 6 -- Trade Preferences for Developing Countries and the WTO* -- Abstract.

Trade Preferences and GATT MFN Requirements -- WTO Waivers for Preferential Trade Agreements -- WTO Waivers for U.S. Preference Programs [9] -- WTO-Legality of Non-Trade Conditions in Preference Programs -- Trade Preference Legislation in the 109th Congress -- References -- Chapter 7 -- Financial Globalization, Crises, and Contagion* -- Abstract -- I. Introduction -- II. Financial Globalization and Crises -- Evidence on Crises -- III. Financial Globalization and Contagion -- Evidence on Contagion -- IV. Net Effects of Globalization -- V. Policy Options -- Capital Controls -- Risk Management -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 -- Neoliberal Globalization and Politics of Institutional Change in Turkey: Towards a 'Strategic-Effective State'? -- Introduction -- 1. Globalization, Nation State and the New Context of International Competitiveness -- 2. Alternative Responses to Globalization: Revisiting the 'Strategic-Effective State' -- 3. The Recent Trajectory of Turkish Political Economy: the Impact of the Twin Crises of 2000 and 2001 -- Politics of Realignment and Institutional Transformation in the Aftermath of the 'Political Tsunami' -- 4. Challenges Ahead: Exploring the Prospects of a 'Strategic-Effective State' in Turkey -- The Prospective Role of the State Planning Organization in a Compact of 'Neo-Planning' -- 5. Retracing the Argument and Overall Conclusions -- Achievement of Aims -- Reflections on the Main Argument and Research Findings -- Overall Conclusions -- Chapter 9 -- Globalization, Religion, and Nonviolence -- Globalization -- Impact of Globalization on Political Cultures and Religions -- Religious Terrorists or Communal Terrorists? -- Globalism, Cultural Conflicts, Social and Gender Equity, and Religions -- Cosmic View of Religions: Karma, Dharma and Just War Theory -- Globalism, Material, Cultural and Spiritual Crisis.

For a New World Order -- Spreading a Culture of Non-Violence -- Challenging Experiments of Non-Violence in the 20th Century -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 -- An Overview of Computational Methods in Forecasting Tourism Demand: Recommendations and Future Research -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Computational Forecasting Methods -- 2.1. Artificial Neural Networks -- 2.2. Genetic Programming -- 3. Some Methodological Recommendations -- 3.1. Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy -- 3.2. Analysing the Statistical Significance of the Predictions -- 3.3. Avoiding Overfitting Problems: Training, Validation and Out-of-Sample Sets -- 3.4. Working on Levels or Taking Differences? -- 4. New Lines of Research -- 4.1. Exploiting Synergic Predictive Effects Using Data-Fusion -- 4.2. Hybrid Methods: Evolutionary Neural Networks -- 4.3. Looking for Chaos in Tourism Time Series -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 -- Shifting Locus of Influence in the Labor Union Movement: Negotiations in International Framework Agreements -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Previous Research into International Framework Agreements -- From National to Transnational Industrial Relations -- Method -- The Process of Developing an International Framework Agreement -- Background: International Workers' Rights Turbulence -- Process initiation: The Global Union Federation proposes an IFA -- Internal Debate: Stopped Processes -- Moving Forward with a Working Group -- Issue I: What Union Representative Signs the IFA? -- Issues II - IV: Content, Suppliers and Control Structures -- The Formation of Roles within the Union Movement -- The Role of National Unions -- The Role of Global Union Federations -- The Role of Enterprise Level Unions -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12 -- Trade Policy in the Globalizing World: -- Policy Modeling and Simulations of Futures -- Abstract.

1. Introduction -- 2. Outline of Fugi Global Modeling System -- 2.1. Regional Classification -- 2.2. Design Concept of the FUGI Global Modeling System -- 2.3. Model Structure -- 2.4. Structure of Global Interdependence -- 2.5. Global Interdependence Table -- 2.6. Policy Implications of Global Interdependence Table -- 2.7. Main Selected Subsystems: Population and Economic Development -- Population System -- Economic Development System -- Labor and Production at Constant Prices -- Expenditures on GDP at Constant Prices -- Income Distribution -- Profits and Wages -- Prices -- Expenditures on GDP at Current Prices -- Money, Interest Rates and Financial Assets -- International Balance of Payments -- Official Development Assistance -- Foreign Exchange Rates -- 2.8. Software of FUGI Global Modeling System -- 3. Examples of Estimated Parameters of FGMS200 -- Population- Life expectancy at Birth (Female) -- Production Function -- Unemployment Rate -- Wage Rate -- Prices -- Exports: -- Private Consumption Expenditures -- Non-Housing Investment -- Fixed Investment -- Foreign Exchange Rate -- 4. Projections of the World Economy, 2006-2020 -- 5. Policy Simulations of Globalizing World Economy -- 1) Increasing International per capita Income Disparity -- 2) Impact of Higher Oil Prices -- 3) Exchange Rate Policy Alone Will Not Improve Global Trade Imbalance -- 4) Policy Against Japan Syndrome -- 5) Policy for Increasing R&amp -- D -- 6) Appropriate Trade Policy Against Global Disequilibrium -- 7) Expansion of Private Foreign Direct Investment Coupled with ODA -- 8) Role of Education and Healthcare -- 9) Needs for Cosmic Mind -- Conclusion -- Appendix A: The FUGI Global Modeling System (FGMS) -- II: FOODS: (E020-E029) -- III: ENERGY: (E030-069) -- IV: ENVIRONMENT: (E070 - E099) (ECOSYSTEM) -- V: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: (E100 - E899) -- 1. LABOR AND PRODUCTION &lt.

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