Appetite and Nutritional Assessment.

Intro -- APPETITE AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT -- APPETITE AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 GHRELIN: A PEPTIDE INVOLVED IN THE CONTROL OF APPETITE -- ABSTRACT -- 1. DISCOVERY OF GHRELIN -- 2. HUMAN GHRELIN GENE STRUCTURE -- 3. PREPRO-GHRELIN PROCESSING -- 4. GHRELIN-RELATED PEPTIDES -- 5. HUMAN GHRELIN RECEPTOR GENE STRUCTURE -- 6. ACTIVATION MECHANISM OF GHRELIN RECEPTOR -- 7. GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF GHRELIN AND GHRELIN RECEPTOR -- 8. TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF GHRELIN -- 9. GHRELIN IN CIRCULATION -- 10. GHRELIN- AND GHRELIN RECEPTOR-NULL MICE PHENOTYPES -- 11. PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF GHRELIN IN FEEDING -- Appetite and Food Intake -- Mechanisms of Appetite Stimulation and Food Intake Control -- 1. Central Pathway -- 2. Vagal Pathway -- Regulation of Energy Homeostasis -- Relationships between Ghrelin and Obestatin -- Relationships between Ghrelin and Leptin -- 12. OTHER PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF GHRELIN -- Growth-Hormone Releasing Activity -- Gastrointestinal Functions -- Pancreatic Functions -- Cardiovascular Functions -- Anti-Inflammatory Functions -- Other Functions -- 13. POTENTIAL CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF GHRELIN -- GHS-R 1a Agonists -- GHS-R 1a Antagonists -- Inverse Agonists -- Others -- 14. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 15. REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 APPETITE CONTROL- THE ROLE OF CENTRAL AND GUT NEUROPEPTIDES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- APPETITE REGULATION AND ADAPTATION - A BIO-BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM -- ROLE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM- HYPOTHALAMUS, BRAIN STEM AND REWARD CENTERS -- The Brainstem -- The Reward Pathways -- ROLE OF CENTRAL NEUROPEPTIDES IN APPETITE REGULATION -- Central Orexigenic Neuropeptides -- 1. Neuropeptide Y -- 2. Melanin- Concentrating Hormone -- 3. Glutamate and Γ-Aminobutyric Acid -- 4. Orexins -- 5. Agouti-Related Peptide -- 6. Galanin and Galanin Like Peptides.

7. Endogenous Opioids -- 8. Endocannabinoids -- 9. Fatty Acid Synthase -- Central Anorectic Peptides -- 1. Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF) and Related Peptides -- 2. Cocaine and Amphetamine Regulated Transcript -- 3. Glucagon-Like Peptides -- 4. Melanocortins -- 5. Serotonin -- 6. Neurotensin -- 7. Neuromedins -- ROLE OF PERIPHERAL NEUROPEPTIDES -- Orexigenic Peripheral Peptides -- 1. Ghrelin -- Anorectic Peripheral Peptides -- 1. Peptide YY -- 2. Cholecystokinin -- 3. Leptin -- 4. Amylin -- 5. Insulin -- 6. Bombesin -- 7. Oxyntomodulin -- Synopsis -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 CENTRAL INHIBITORY MECHANISMS CONTROLLING WATER AND SODIUM INTAKE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CHANGES IN FOREBRAIN C-FOS EXPRESSION INDUCED BY ICV MOXONIDINE -- INHIBITION OF SODIUM AND WATER INTAKE BY MOXONIDINE INTO THE AMYGDALA -- MOXONIDINE ICV REDUCED DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE-INDUCED WATER AND SODIUM INTAKE AND HYPERTENSION -- THE INHIBITORY MECHANISMS OF THE LATERAL PARABRACHIAL NUCLEUS ON WATER AND SODIUM INTAKE - EFFECTS OF MOXONIDINE -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 CACHEXIA: DISRUPTION IN APPETITE REGULATION IN NEED OF A SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- I. UNDERLYING DISEASE STATES AND EARLY TREATMENT APPROACHES -- Cancer -- Clinical Features -- Anti-Inflammatory Treatment -- Megestrol Acetate -- Need for Effective Therapies in Cancer Cachexia -- Chronic Kidney Disease -- Clinical Features -- Treatment Approaches -- Heart Failure -- Clinical Features -- Treatment Approaches -- SUMMARY OF CACHEXIA ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER, CRF AND CHF -- II. TARGETED APPETITE INTERVENTIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF CACHEXIA -- Central Melanocortin System -- Ghrelin Treatment -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 CLINICAL HOLISTIC MEDICINE: A SEXOLOGICAL APPROACH TO EATING DISORDERS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION.

ORAL SEXUALITY, SEXUAL REPRESSION, AND THE EATING DISORDERS -- Case Story -- Female Patient 36 Years Old -- SEXUAL THEORIES FOR ANOREXIA NERVOSA, BULIMIA NERVOSA AND BINGE EATING DISORDER -- Anorexia Nervosa -- Bulimia Nervosa -- Binge Eating Disorder -- SEXOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF EATING THE DISORDERS -- ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6 MAKING SENSE OF WHAT IS HEALTHY FOR YOU: CHILDREN'S AND ADULTS' EVALUATIVE CATEGORIES OF FOOD -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EVALUATIVE CATEGORIZATION WITHIN THE DOMAIN OF FOOD -- EVALUATIVE CATEGORIES OF FOOD AND INDUCTION -- THE ACQUISITION OF EVALUATIVE CATEGORIES -- CONCLUSIONS -- AUTHOR NOTE -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 THE VALIDITY OF NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT: CURRENT STATUS -- ABSTRACT -- METHODS OF NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT -- Food Frequency Questionnaires -- Dietary History -- Food Intake Records (Food Records) -- 24-Hour Dietary Recalls -- Error and Validity in Nutritional Assessment -- CLINICAL AND RESEARCH APPLICATIONS -- Clinical Applications -- Research Applications -- Future Directions -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 METHODOLOGICAL RESEARCH CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF CHILDREN'S DIETARY RECALLS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Children's Dietary Intake and Chronic Diseases -- Rationale for Obtaining Children's Self-Reports of Dietary Intake -- Developmental Aspects of Children's Self-Reports of Dietary Intake -- Cognitive Aspects of Self-Reports of Dietary Intake -- Methods for Obtaining Children's Self-Reports of Dietary Intake -- Validity of Children's Dietary Recalls -- Overview of Chapter -- SUMMARY OF SUBJECTS AND METHODS -- Subjects and Design -- School Meal Observations -- Dietary Recall Interviews -- Weight and Height Measurements -- Classification of Observed and/or Reported Items and Amounts -- Retrieval Response Categories.

Types of Intrusion -- Availability of Food Items in School Foodservice Environments -- Analytic Variables -- SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Cognitive Burden of Recall -- Retrieval Response Categories -- Salient Role of Entrée -- Salient Role of Liking for Foods -- Differences by Grade Level and Specific Prompting Methods -- Consistency of Children's Recall Accuracy -- Accuracy for Recalling Amounts Eaten -- Interview Modality (In Person Versus by Telephone) -- Forward- Versus Reverse-Order Prompts -- Meal Name Prompts -- Retention Interval -- Recall Accuracy for School Breakfast Versus School Lunch -- Children's BMI and Dietary Recall Accuracy -- Social Desirability -- Conventional Versus Reporting-Error-Sensitive Analytic Methods -- Using Observation of School Meals to Validate Children's Dietary Recall Accuracy -- Origins (or Sources) of Intrusions and Types of Intrusion -- Intrusions in School Breakfast Reports -- CONCLUSION -- Recommendations for Dietary-Reporting Validation Studies to Fill Research Gaps -- Recommendations for Maximizing the Accuracy of Children's Dietary Recalls -- Recommendations for Publications of Studies that Utilize Dietary Recalls -- Final Remarks -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9 CONTEMPORARY ASSESSMENT OF CHILD DIETARY INTAKE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE OBESITY EPIDEMIC -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Importance of Dietary Assessment in the Context of the Child Obesity Epidemic -- DIETARY OUTCOMES AND METHODOLOGIES -- Key Definitions -- Traditional Outcomes -- Relevance of Traditional Outcomes to Obesity -- Energy -- Micronutrients -- Macronutrients -- Foods and food groups -- Contemporary Outcomes -- Relevance of Contemporary Outcomes to Obesity -- Specific Foods/ Food Groups -- Healthy Eating Indexes -- Food Patterns -- The 'Obesogenic' Environment -- Methodologies for Assessing Dietary Outcomes.

Special Consideration of Dietary Assessment in Children -- Traditional Methodologies -- Contemporary Methodologies -- Specific Questionnaires (Mostly Around Foods) -- Scales -- The Limitations of Current Outcomes and Methodologies -- Dietary Assessment and Child Obesity - Moving Contemporary Outcomes Forward -- Review of Recent Developments -- Summary -- DIET ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY - VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY -- What Are Validity and Reliability? -- Importance of Validity and Reliability -- Validity and Reliability in the Context of the Obesity Epidemic -- To What Extent Have Tools Used in the Context of the Obesity Epidemic Been Assessed for Validity and Reliability? -- Reliability and Validity Assessment of Indexes of Overall Diet Quality -- Complications of Assessing Validity in the Context of the Obesity Epidemic -- Future Avenues for Assessment of Validity and Reliability in the Context of the Obesity Epidemic -- Use of Alternative Tool Properties -- Internal Consistency -- Content Validity -- Agreement between Tools Asking Similar Questions in Related Subject Groups -- Summary -- IMPORTANT ISSUES -- Inconsistent Terminology -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10 THE USE OF COMPOSITE SCORES TO ASSESS ADHERENCE TO DIETARY PATTERNS: THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET CASE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC DISEASE IN MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES -- WHAT IS THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET? -- METHODS -- RESULTS -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE (MDS) -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE- SECOND VARIANT (MDS-2) -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE- THIRD VARIANT (MDS-3) -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE- FOURTH VARIANT (MDS-4) -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE-FIFTH VARIANT (MDS-5) -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE- SIXTH VARIANT (MDS-6) -- THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE- SEVENTH AND EIGHTH VARIANTS (MDS-7 AND MDS-8).

THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET SCORE- NINTH VARIANT (MDS-9).

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.