Brain Cancer, Tumor Targeting and Cervical Cancer.

Intro -- BRAIN CANCER, TUMOR TARGETING AND CERVICAL CANCER -- BRAIN CANCER, TUMOR TARGETING AND CERVICAL CANCER -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter I Targeting Strategies in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment -- Abstract -- Targeted Photodynamic Therapy: Preliminary Information -- 1. Introduction -- Clinical Applications of PDT -- PDT Advantages -- Biodistribution and Natural Selectivity of the Photosensitizers -- 2. PDT - Tumor Neovascularisation- Associated Targeting -- 2.1. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGF Receptor-2(VEGFR-2) and NRP-1) -- 2.2. Receptor Tissue Factor (TF) -- 2.3. Integrin vβ3 -- 2.4. Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) -- 3. PDT - Neoplastic Cells Targeting - Uncontrolled Cell Proliferation Markers -- 3.1. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-receptors -- 3.2. Cholesterol and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptors -- 3.3. Oestrogen Receptor -- 3.4. Nucleus and DNA -- 3.5. Folic Acid Receptor -- 3.6. Cholecystokinin A Receptor (CCKA) -- 3.7. Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH) Receptors -- 3.8. Transferrin Receptors -- 3.9. Lectins Saccharide Receptors -- 3.10. Tumor Specific Antigens - Targeting Antibodies -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter II Emerging Targets and Novel Nanotechnology-based Strategies: Changing the Treatment Paradigm in Oncology -- Abstract -- Abreviations List -- 1. Understanding Tumor Development, Progression and Metastases: The Hallmarks of Cancer -- 2. Successes and Challenges of Targeted Technologies -- 2.1. The Problem of Conventional Therapeutic Approaches for Cancer Treatment -- 2.2. The Quest for Specificity - Emerging Targets in Cancer Therapy -- 2.2.1. Targeting Tumor Cells and their Deregulated Signaling Pathways -- 2.2.1.1. Signaling Pathways -- 2.2.1.2. Cancer Stem Cells -- 2.2.1.3. Dormant Cells -- 2.2.1.4. Non-coding RNAs.

2.3. Targeting Tumor Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment - The New Paradigm in Cancer Treatment -- 2.3.1. Tumor-stroma Interactions and Mechanical Forces -- 2.3.2. The "Seed and Soil" Theory in Metastases Development -- 2.3.3. The Inflammatory Process and the Immune System -- 2.3.4. Angiogenesis -- 2.3.4.1. The History -- 2.3.4.2. The Process -- 2.3.4.2. Why Target Tumor Angiogenesis in Cancer Treatment? -- 2.3.4. Important Aspects for Successful Vascular Targeting -- 2.3.4.1. Target Selection -- 2.3.4.2. Ligand Selection - Phage Display Libraries -- 2.3.4.5. Anti-angiogenic and Vascular Disrupting Agents -- 2.4. Effective Strategies for Targeting the Tumor and its Microenvironment -- 2.4.1. Drug Delivery Systems -- 2.4.2. Lipid-based Targeted Nanocarriers -- 2.4.2.1. Controlled-release -- 2.4.2.2. Active Targeting - Ligand Functionalized Surface -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter III Biological and Clinical Relevance of Neural Stem Cells in the Pathogenesis of Childhood Medulloblastoma -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Incidence of Childhood Brain Tumours -- Aetiology -- Brain Tumour Classification an Historical Perspective -- Current Therapy for Medulloblastoma -- Neurogenesis and Cerebellar Development -- Neurogenesis in Humans -- Cerebellar Development -- Histology and Cytogenetics of Medulloblastoma -- Histogenesis of Medulloblastoma -- Molecular Pathogenesis of Medulloblastoma -- WNT Signalling -- Sonic Hedgehog Signalling -- NOTCH Signalling -- From Genes to Genomes - Molecular Signatures -- Medulloblastoma and the Cancer Stem Cell Theory -- Brain Tumour Stem Cells -- CD133 Expression is a Marker for Cells with Stem Cell Characteristics -- Brain Tumour Stem Cells and Their Relationship to Neural Stem Cells -- Terminally Differentiated Cells as Precursors for Brain Tumour Stem Cells.

Committed Neural Progenitor Cells as Precursors for Brain Tumour Stem Cells -- Neural Stem Cells as Precursors of Brain Tumour Stem Cells -- Identification and Isolation of Neural Stem Cells and Brain Tumour Stem Cells -- Therapeutic Implications of the Brain Tumour Stem Cell Theory -- Modelling Medulloblastoma Pathogenesis -- Neural Stem Cell-Based Approaches for In Vitro Modelling of Human Medulloblastoma -- Generation and Isolation of Neural Stem Cells -- Genetic Manipulation of Neural Stem Cells -- Future Directions for Modelling Human Medulloblastoma -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter IV Laparoscopy and "Robotics" in Cervical Cancer Treatment: Current Insights, Novel Approaches and Future Perspectives in the New Era of Gynecological Surgery -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Cervical Cancer Staging and Radical Hysterectomy Classification -- Evolution of Surgery in Cervical Cancer -- Laparoscopic and Robotic-assisted Approaches in Gynaecological Malignancies -- The History of Laparoscopy in Cervical Cancer -- Total Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer -- Contra-indications to Laparoscopic Surgery for Gynecological Oncology -- Total Robotic-assisted Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomies -- The Problem of Lymph-node in Endoscopic Lymphadenectomy -- Robotic-Assisted Trachelectomy -- Comparison between Laparoscopy and Robotic in Radical Hysterectomy -- Complications of Endoscopy in Cervical Cancer -- Debate on Robotic Approach in Cervical Cancer Surgery -- Drawbacks of Literature Concerning Robotic Surgery in Gynaecological Oncology -- Pro and Contra of Robotic Assisted Surgery in Cervical Cancer Surgery -- Future Developments and New Frontiers: the Alf-x Telelap - The renaissance of abdominal surgery -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter V Malignant Glioma: Challenges, Advances and Perspectives for Treatment.

Abstract -- I. Classification and Grading of Brain Tumours -- II. Current Status of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities -- II. a. Diagnostics -- II. b. Surgery -- Historical Review and Current Status -- II.c. Radiotherapy -- II.d. Chemotherapy -- III. Experimental Therapies -- III. a. Virus-based Therapies -- III. b. Stem-cell Based Therapies -- III. c. Antiangiogenesis Therapy -- IV. New Avenues to Glioma Cell Therapy -- IV. a. Understanding Glioma Biology -- IV. b. Future Perspectives for Intraoperative Imaging in Brain Tumour Surgery -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter VI Surgical Treatment of Invasive Cervical Cancer -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Stages: Ib and IIa -- Class II versus Class III Radical Hysterectomy -- Ovarian Preservation -- Radical Trachelectomy -- Total Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy -- Robotic Radical Hysterectomy -- Residual Cervical Carcinoma -- Radical Hysterectomy for Stage IIb -- Sentinel Lymph Node -- References -- Chapter VII Recent Advances in Glioma Gene Therapy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Glioma Risk Factors -- Clinical Presentation -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Gene Therapy in Glioblastoma -- Gas1 as a Therapeutic Protein -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter VIII Congenital Tumors of the Central Nervous System -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Definition -- Clinical Symptoms, Prenatal Diagnosis and Complications -- Teratoma -- Astrocytoma -- Choroid Plexus Papilloma -- Embryonal Tumors -- Craniopharyngioma -- Lipoma -- Other Rare Congenital Tumors of the CNS -- Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter IX Management of Recurrent Cervical Carcinoma -- Abstract -- Background: -- Method: -- Results: -- Conclusion: -- Introduction -- Epidemiological Characteristics -- Risk Factors -- Recurrence Location -- Clinical Evaluation of the Patient -- Classification -- Treatment.

Pelvic exenteration -- Indications -- Contraindications -- Description of the Operation -- Laparotomic Versus Laparoscopic Pelvic Exenteration -- The Da Vinci Surgical System Experience. -- Prognosis -- Role of Radiotherapy -- Prognosis -- CORT and LEER Techniques -- Role of Chemotherapy - Palliative Treatment -- Role of Imatinib, Bevacizumab and other Proposed Techniques -- Further Discussion -- Counselling -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter X Real-Time Tumor Targeting in External Beam Radiotherapy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Tumor Targeting Error Theory -- State of the Art Analysis -- Innovative Strategies -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter XI Review of Tumours of the Paranasal Sinuses Based on 14 Cases* -- Abstract -- Purpose -- Material and Methods -- Results -- Conclusion -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results -- Clinical Patterns -- Preoperative Embolisation -- Surgical Technique -- Lymphadenectomy (Table 2, Figure 4) -- Radiotherapy (Table 2) -- Relapses -- Discussion -- References -- Index.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.