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Psychotherapy Research : Foundations, Process, and Outcome.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher: Vienna : Springer Wien, 2015Copyright date: ©2015Edition: 1st edDescription: 1 online resource (640 pages)Content type:
  • text
Media type:
  • computer
Carrier type:
  • online resource
ISBN:
  • 9783709113820
Subject(s): Genre/Form: Additional physical formats: Print version:: Psychotherapy ResearchLOC classification:
  • RC475-489.2
Online resources:
Contents:
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Foundations of Psychotherapy Research -- 1.2 Psychotherapy Process Research -- 1.2.1 Quantitative Process Research -- 1.2.2 Qualitative Process Research -- 1.3 Psychotherapy Outcome Research -- References -- Part I: Foundations of Psychotherapy Research -- 2: The Prehistory of Psychotherapy and Its Implications for Psychotherapy Science: Shamanism, Folk Medicine, Philosophy, and R... -- 2.1 Collectivism, Epistemological Egocentrism, and Magic -- 2.1.1 Collectivism -- 2.1.2 Epistemological Egocentrism -- 2.1.3 Magic -- 2.2 The Precursor of Psychotherapy in Folk Culture -- 2.2.1 Shamanism and Archaic Medicine -- 2.2.1.1 The Shaman -- 2.2.1.2 Archaic Explanations for Sickness -- 2.2.1.2.1 Losing One´s Soul -- 2.2.1.2.2 Spirit Possession -- 2.2.1.2.3 Taboo Crimes -- 2.2.1.2.4 Projectile -- 2.2.1.3 The Professional Socialization of the Shaman and the Psychotherapist: A Comparison -- 2.2.2 Folk Medicine in Europe and North America -- 2.3 Precursors of Psychotherapy in Advanced Civilizations -- 2.3.1 Religion and the Church -- 2.3.1.1 Sickness as a Result of Sin and as an Expression of the Divine Plan of Salvation -- 2.3.1.2 Confession -- 2.3.1.3 Possession and Exorcism -- 2.3.2 Philosophy -- Conclusion -- References -- 3: Historical Paths in Psychotherapy Research -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Phases of Psychotherapy Research -- 3.2.1 Phase I (1920 to the Birth of Psychotherapy Research in 1954) and Some Events Much Earlier -- 3.2.1.1 Nearly Forgotten Roots and Famous Ones -- 3.2.1.2 The Early Beginning from the 1920s to the 1950s -- 3.2.1.3 The Catalyst Effect: Eysenck -- 3.2.1.4 The Roots of Outcome Research -- 3.2.1.4.1 Counting and Statistics -- 3.2.1.5 The Roots of Process and Process-Outcome Research -- 3.2.1.5.1 The Revolution: Sound Recordings and Sequential Process Research.
3.2.1.6 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.2.2 Phase II (1955-1969): The Second Attack and the Advancement of Process Research -- 3.2.2.1 Eysenck´s Second Attack -- 3.2.2.2 Justification Informed by Logical Positivism -- 3.2.2.3 Initial Conferences and Reorganization of the Field -- 3.2.2.3.1 Initial Conferences -- 3.2.2.3.2 Reorganization of the Field -- 3.2.2.4 Outcome Research in Phase II -- 3.2.2.4.1 Controlled Experiments, Tests, and Interview Techniques -- 3.2.2.5 Process Research in Phase II -- 3.2.2.5.1 Sound Recordings and Nonparticipant-Observational Measures -- 3.2.2.6 Process-Outcome Research in Phase II -- 3.2.2.6.1 The Menninger Project -- 3.2.2.6.2 More Ingredients of the Process -- 3.2.2.7 Client and Therapist Factors: More Questions -- 3.2.2.8 Differences and Common Ground -- 3.2.2.9 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.2.2.9.1 Goodbye Simplicity: Complex Relationships Between Process and Outcome -- 3.2.3 Phase III (1970-1983): Refinement and Challenge of the Mainstream -- 3.2.3.1 Negative Effects and Accountability -- 3.2.3.2 The Scope of the Community -- 3.2.3.3 Outcome Research in Phase III -- 3.2.3.3.1 The Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program -- 3.2.3.3.2 Meta-Analytic Strategies -- 3.2.3.3.3 Outcome Measures and Single-Case Experimental Approaches -- 3.2.3.4 Process and Process-Outcome Research in Phase III -- 3.2.3.4.1 The Working Alliance -- 3.2.3.4.2 Kiesler´s Influence: A Major Methodological Advancement -- 3.2.3.5 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.2.4 Phase IV (1984 to Now): Discovery and Micro-dynamics -- 3.2.4.1 From Verification to Discovery Informed by Constructivism-Interpretivism -- 3.2.4.2 The Shift of Paradigms -- 3.2.4.3 Outcome Research in Phase IV -- 3.2.4.3.1 Skepticism Toward RCTs -- 3.2.4.3.2 Statistical vs. Clinical Significance.
3.2.4.4 Process and Process-Outcome Research in Phase IV -- 3.2.4.4.1 Psychological Processes Instead of Diagnoses -- 3.2.4.4.2 Elaborated Quantitative Analytical Methods -- 3.2.4.4.3 The Qualitative Helpful Factor Design -- 3.2.4.4.4 The Task-Analytic Approach -- 3.2.4.5 Cost-Effectiveness and Sociopolitical Pressure -- 3.2.4.6 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.3 The Birth and Development of Common Factors -- 3.3.1 The Origin: Saul Rosenzweig -- 3.3.2 The Medical Model vs. the Contextual Model -- 3.3.3 The First Common Factor Model and a Gap of References -- 3.3.4 The Very First Panel on Common Factors: Fitness of Interpretations vs. Correctness -- 3.3.5 Evidence for Common Factor Models -- 3.3.5.1 Working Alliance -- 3.3.5.2 Therapist Factors -- 3.3.5.3 The Rationale -- 3.3.5.4 Client Factors -- 3.3.6 Integrative Approaches -- 3.4 Future Perspectives -- References -- 4: The Philosophy of Psychotherapy Science: Mainstream and Alternative Views -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Science in the Mainstream -- 4.2.1 Homo Faber and the Relationship Between Cause and Effect as Causa Efficiens -- 4.2.2 Empiricism, Reductionism, and Determinism: Observation and Experiment -- 4.2.3 The Mechanization of Worldview and Science: Innovation and Consequences -- 4.2.4 Critics of Naturalism in Psychotherapy Science -- 4.3 Alternative Perspectives in Science -- 4.3.1 Aristotelian Causality and Intentionality -- 4.3.2 Wholeness -- 4.3.3 Analogical Thinking -- Conclusion: Toward a Pluralistic Psychotherapy Science -- References -- 5: Psychotherapia Academica Universitatis: A Philosophical Argument for the Academic Discipline of Psychotherapy -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Two Levels of Academic Science: Arguments of a Contemporary Philosophy of Science -- 5.2.1 Starting Point: Epistemological Logics in the Object-Method Circle.
5.2.2 The Technical Level: Science Must Work -- 5.2.2.1 Science Invents Artificial Realities: ``Microworlds´´ -- 5.2.2.2 The Dependency of Scientific Knowledge on Culture -- 5.2.2.3 From the Technical Level to the Level of Insight into Technical Aspects -- 5.2.3 The Level of Insight into Technical Aspects: Science Must Critically Reflect Its Modes of Operation -- 5.2.3.1 Gaining Critical-Reflexive Insight into the Factual Mechanisms of Science -- 5.2.4 Summary: The Two Fundamental Levels of Academic Science -- 5.3 Academic Psychotherapy: The Microworlds of Psychotherapy in a Critical-Reflexive Dialogue -- 5.3.1 Technical Level: Psychotherapy Works in a Multitude of Microworlds -- 5.3.1.1 Innovation, Development Impulses, and Academic Disciplines -- 5.3.1.2 The Microworlds of Psychotherapeutic Practice -- 5.3.1.3 Does Commitment Disintegrate in the Territory of Heterogeneous Theories and Pluralistic Methods? -- 5.3.2 Level of Insight into Technical Aspects: Psychotherapy Reflects Its Modes of Operation in Dialogue with Psychotherapeuti... -- 5.3.2.1 Quest for Critical-Reflexive Insight into Implicit Structural Relations of Psychotherapeutic Microworlds -- 5.3.2.2 Experimental Hermeneutics Practical Example: Trans-Contextual Dialogue Operation between Analytical Psychology (C.G. J... -- 5.3.3 Summary: The Two Basic Levels of Academic Psychotherapy -- 5.3.3.1 Academic Psychotherapy and Its Technical Level -- 5.3.3.2 Academic Psychotherapy and Its Level of Insight into Technical Aspects -- References -- 6: Interpretation as a Cognitive Instrument: Psychotherapy Science as an Attempt to Pool Paradigm-Based Systems of Interpretat... -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Pieces of a Puzzle Taken from Discourses of Psychotherapy Science -- 6.2.1 Zooming in on the Subject Matter -- 6.3 Paradigms of Knowledge and the Abductive Birth of Psychotherapy Science.
6.3.1 The Discourse of Abduction -- 6.3.1.1 Induction, Deduction, and Abduction in the Context of the Four Sections of Scientific Thought -- 6.3.1.1.1 Induction and Deduction -- 6.3.1.1.2 Abduction -- 6.3.1.1.3 Types of Abduction in Various Parts of Scientific Action -- 6.3.1.2 Four Basic Forms of Gaining Knowledge in the Production of the ``Novel´´ -- 6.3.1.2.1 New ``Conclusion´´ and New "``Result´´: ``Final Elements´´ of Different Interpretations of the ``New´´ in a Process ... -- 6.3.1.2.2 The Sequence of Steps in the Scientific Process of Finding Knowledge and the Frequency of Abductions -- 6.3.1.2.3 Allen´s Journey Continues -- 6.3.2 Thomas Samuel Kuhn´s ``Scientific Revolutions´´ and ``Paradigms´´ as Special Cases of the Cognitive Process -- 6.3.2.1 ``Exemplars,´´ ``Paradigms,´´ and Kuhn´s View of the ``New´´ in Science -- 6.3.2.2 Individual-Community Paradigm -- 6.3.2.3 The Empirico-hermeneutical Circle (Stephenson 2003) and the Four Segments of Scientific Thought -- 6.3.2.4 Knowledge and Change -- 6.3.3 Abductions with Varying Paradigm Value in the Empirico-hermeneutical Circle -- 6.3.4 The Abductive Paradigm Shift in the Interpretation Patterns of Charcot and Freud -- 6.3.4.1 The Failure of Charcot´s Abductive Attempts at Interpretation -- 6.3.4.2 Freud´s Abductive Attempts at Interpretation Reach the Necessary Paradigm Value -- 6.3.4.3 The Traces of the ``Basic Interpretative Pattern´´ in the History of the Diversification of Psychotherapy -- 6.4 ``Interpretation´´ as a Means of Gaining Knowledge in Psychotherapy Science -- 6.4.1 Interpretations in General Science, Psychotherapy Science, and Psychoanalysis -- 6.4.2 Interpretation in the Context of Inferential Thinking -- 6.4.3 Interpretation as Derivative, Classifying, Expanding, and Generating Means of Gaining Knowledge.
6.4.4 Interpretation as an Idiographic and Nomothetic Instrument for Gaining Knowledge on Psychotherapy Processes.
Summary: This book provides, in a comprehensive and systematic way, the knowledge - at an epistemological, theoretical and methodological level - related to the basic issues of psychotherapy research as well as to its most recent developments.
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Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Foundations of Psychotherapy Research -- 1.2 Psychotherapy Process Research -- 1.2.1 Quantitative Process Research -- 1.2.2 Qualitative Process Research -- 1.3 Psychotherapy Outcome Research -- References -- Part I: Foundations of Psychotherapy Research -- 2: The Prehistory of Psychotherapy and Its Implications for Psychotherapy Science: Shamanism, Folk Medicine, Philosophy, and R... -- 2.1 Collectivism, Epistemological Egocentrism, and Magic -- 2.1.1 Collectivism -- 2.1.2 Epistemological Egocentrism -- 2.1.3 Magic -- 2.2 The Precursor of Psychotherapy in Folk Culture -- 2.2.1 Shamanism and Archaic Medicine -- 2.2.1.1 The Shaman -- 2.2.1.2 Archaic Explanations for Sickness -- 2.2.1.2.1 Losing One´s Soul -- 2.2.1.2.2 Spirit Possession -- 2.2.1.2.3 Taboo Crimes -- 2.2.1.2.4 Projectile -- 2.2.1.3 The Professional Socialization of the Shaman and the Psychotherapist: A Comparison -- 2.2.2 Folk Medicine in Europe and North America -- 2.3 Precursors of Psychotherapy in Advanced Civilizations -- 2.3.1 Religion and the Church -- 2.3.1.1 Sickness as a Result of Sin and as an Expression of the Divine Plan of Salvation -- 2.3.1.2 Confession -- 2.3.1.3 Possession and Exorcism -- 2.3.2 Philosophy -- Conclusion -- References -- 3: Historical Paths in Psychotherapy Research -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Phases of Psychotherapy Research -- 3.2.1 Phase I (1920 to the Birth of Psychotherapy Research in 1954) and Some Events Much Earlier -- 3.2.1.1 Nearly Forgotten Roots and Famous Ones -- 3.2.1.2 The Early Beginning from the 1920s to the 1950s -- 3.2.1.3 The Catalyst Effect: Eysenck -- 3.2.1.4 The Roots of Outcome Research -- 3.2.1.4.1 Counting and Statistics -- 3.2.1.5 The Roots of Process and Process-Outcome Research -- 3.2.1.5.1 The Revolution: Sound Recordings and Sequential Process Research.

3.2.1.6 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.2.2 Phase II (1955-1969): The Second Attack and the Advancement of Process Research -- 3.2.2.1 Eysenck´s Second Attack -- 3.2.2.2 Justification Informed by Logical Positivism -- 3.2.2.3 Initial Conferences and Reorganization of the Field -- 3.2.2.3.1 Initial Conferences -- 3.2.2.3.2 Reorganization of the Field -- 3.2.2.4 Outcome Research in Phase II -- 3.2.2.4.1 Controlled Experiments, Tests, and Interview Techniques -- 3.2.2.5 Process Research in Phase II -- 3.2.2.5.1 Sound Recordings and Nonparticipant-Observational Measures -- 3.2.2.6 Process-Outcome Research in Phase II -- 3.2.2.6.1 The Menninger Project -- 3.2.2.6.2 More Ingredients of the Process -- 3.2.2.7 Client and Therapist Factors: More Questions -- 3.2.2.8 Differences and Common Ground -- 3.2.2.9 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.2.2.9.1 Goodbye Simplicity: Complex Relationships Between Process and Outcome -- 3.2.3 Phase III (1970-1983): Refinement and Challenge of the Mainstream -- 3.2.3.1 Negative Effects and Accountability -- 3.2.3.2 The Scope of the Community -- 3.2.3.3 Outcome Research in Phase III -- 3.2.3.3.1 The Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program -- 3.2.3.3.2 Meta-Analytic Strategies -- 3.2.3.3.3 Outcome Measures and Single-Case Experimental Approaches -- 3.2.3.4 Process and Process-Outcome Research in Phase III -- 3.2.3.4.1 The Working Alliance -- 3.2.3.4.2 Kiesler´s Influence: A Major Methodological Advancement -- 3.2.3.5 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.2.4 Phase IV (1984 to Now): Discovery and Micro-dynamics -- 3.2.4.1 From Verification to Discovery Informed by Constructivism-Interpretivism -- 3.2.4.2 The Shift of Paradigms -- 3.2.4.3 Outcome Research in Phase IV -- 3.2.4.3.1 Skepticism Toward RCTs -- 3.2.4.3.2 Statistical vs. Clinical Significance.

3.2.4.4 Process and Process-Outcome Research in Phase IV -- 3.2.4.4.1 Psychological Processes Instead of Diagnoses -- 3.2.4.4.2 Elaborated Quantitative Analytical Methods -- 3.2.4.4.3 The Qualitative Helpful Factor Design -- 3.2.4.4.4 The Task-Analytic Approach -- 3.2.4.5 Cost-Effectiveness and Sociopolitical Pressure -- 3.2.4.6 Major Developments and Achievements -- 3.3 The Birth and Development of Common Factors -- 3.3.1 The Origin: Saul Rosenzweig -- 3.3.2 The Medical Model vs. the Contextual Model -- 3.3.3 The First Common Factor Model and a Gap of References -- 3.3.4 The Very First Panel on Common Factors: Fitness of Interpretations vs. Correctness -- 3.3.5 Evidence for Common Factor Models -- 3.3.5.1 Working Alliance -- 3.3.5.2 Therapist Factors -- 3.3.5.3 The Rationale -- 3.3.5.4 Client Factors -- 3.3.6 Integrative Approaches -- 3.4 Future Perspectives -- References -- 4: The Philosophy of Psychotherapy Science: Mainstream and Alternative Views -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Science in the Mainstream -- 4.2.1 Homo Faber and the Relationship Between Cause and Effect as Causa Efficiens -- 4.2.2 Empiricism, Reductionism, and Determinism: Observation and Experiment -- 4.2.3 The Mechanization of Worldview and Science: Innovation and Consequences -- 4.2.4 Critics of Naturalism in Psychotherapy Science -- 4.3 Alternative Perspectives in Science -- 4.3.1 Aristotelian Causality and Intentionality -- 4.3.2 Wholeness -- 4.3.3 Analogical Thinking -- Conclusion: Toward a Pluralistic Psychotherapy Science -- References -- 5: Psychotherapia Academica Universitatis: A Philosophical Argument for the Academic Discipline of Psychotherapy -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Two Levels of Academic Science: Arguments of a Contemporary Philosophy of Science -- 5.2.1 Starting Point: Epistemological Logics in the Object-Method Circle.

5.2.2 The Technical Level: Science Must Work -- 5.2.2.1 Science Invents Artificial Realities: ``Microworlds´´ -- 5.2.2.2 The Dependency of Scientific Knowledge on Culture -- 5.2.2.3 From the Technical Level to the Level of Insight into Technical Aspects -- 5.2.3 The Level of Insight into Technical Aspects: Science Must Critically Reflect Its Modes of Operation -- 5.2.3.1 Gaining Critical-Reflexive Insight into the Factual Mechanisms of Science -- 5.2.4 Summary: The Two Fundamental Levels of Academic Science -- 5.3 Academic Psychotherapy: The Microworlds of Psychotherapy in a Critical-Reflexive Dialogue -- 5.3.1 Technical Level: Psychotherapy Works in a Multitude of Microworlds -- 5.3.1.1 Innovation, Development Impulses, and Academic Disciplines -- 5.3.1.2 The Microworlds of Psychotherapeutic Practice -- 5.3.1.3 Does Commitment Disintegrate in the Territory of Heterogeneous Theories and Pluralistic Methods? -- 5.3.2 Level of Insight into Technical Aspects: Psychotherapy Reflects Its Modes of Operation in Dialogue with Psychotherapeuti... -- 5.3.2.1 Quest for Critical-Reflexive Insight into Implicit Structural Relations of Psychotherapeutic Microworlds -- 5.3.2.2 Experimental Hermeneutics Practical Example: Trans-Contextual Dialogue Operation between Analytical Psychology (C.G. J... -- 5.3.3 Summary: The Two Basic Levels of Academic Psychotherapy -- 5.3.3.1 Academic Psychotherapy and Its Technical Level -- 5.3.3.2 Academic Psychotherapy and Its Level of Insight into Technical Aspects -- References -- 6: Interpretation as a Cognitive Instrument: Psychotherapy Science as an Attempt to Pool Paradigm-Based Systems of Interpretat... -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Pieces of a Puzzle Taken from Discourses of Psychotherapy Science -- 6.2.1 Zooming in on the Subject Matter -- 6.3 Paradigms of Knowledge and the Abductive Birth of Psychotherapy Science.

6.3.1 The Discourse of Abduction -- 6.3.1.1 Induction, Deduction, and Abduction in the Context of the Four Sections of Scientific Thought -- 6.3.1.1.1 Induction and Deduction -- 6.3.1.1.2 Abduction -- 6.3.1.1.3 Types of Abduction in Various Parts of Scientific Action -- 6.3.1.2 Four Basic Forms of Gaining Knowledge in the Production of the ``Novel´´ -- 6.3.1.2.1 New ``Conclusion´´ and New "``Result´´: ``Final Elements´´ of Different Interpretations of the ``New´´ in a Process ... -- 6.3.1.2.2 The Sequence of Steps in the Scientific Process of Finding Knowledge and the Frequency of Abductions -- 6.3.1.2.3 Allen´s Journey Continues -- 6.3.2 Thomas Samuel Kuhn´s ``Scientific Revolutions´´ and ``Paradigms´´ as Special Cases of the Cognitive Process -- 6.3.2.1 ``Exemplars,´´ ``Paradigms,´´ and Kuhn´s View of the ``New´´ in Science -- 6.3.2.2 Individual-Community Paradigm -- 6.3.2.3 The Empirico-hermeneutical Circle (Stephenson 2003) and the Four Segments of Scientific Thought -- 6.3.2.4 Knowledge and Change -- 6.3.3 Abductions with Varying Paradigm Value in the Empirico-hermeneutical Circle -- 6.3.4 The Abductive Paradigm Shift in the Interpretation Patterns of Charcot and Freud -- 6.3.4.1 The Failure of Charcot´s Abductive Attempts at Interpretation -- 6.3.4.2 Freud´s Abductive Attempts at Interpretation Reach the Necessary Paradigm Value -- 6.3.4.3 The Traces of the ``Basic Interpretative Pattern´´ in the History of the Diversification of Psychotherapy -- 6.4 ``Interpretation´´ as a Means of Gaining Knowledge in Psychotherapy Science -- 6.4.1 Interpretations in General Science, Psychotherapy Science, and Psychoanalysis -- 6.4.2 Interpretation in the Context of Inferential Thinking -- 6.4.3 Interpretation as Derivative, Classifying, Expanding, and Generating Means of Gaining Knowledge.

6.4.4 Interpretation as an Idiographic and Nomothetic Instrument for Gaining Knowledge on Psychotherapy Processes.

This book provides, in a comprehensive and systematic way, the knowledge - at an epistemological, theoretical and methodological level - related to the basic issues of psychotherapy research as well as to its most recent developments.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

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