Multicultural Challenges and Sustainable Democracy in Europe and East Asia.

Cover -- Multicultural Challenges and Sustainable Democracy in Europe and East Asia -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction: The Universalization of Localityand Localization of Global Normsin Europe and East Asia -- References -- Part I: Socio-cultural Cleavageand Challenges to Democracyin East Asia -- 1: Multicultural Dreaming: Democracy and Multiculturalism in the 'Chinese Dream' -- Multiculturalism in the once-and-future Chinese Empire -- The Chinese dream as national narrative -- A democratic Chinese dream? -- A minority Chinese dream? -- A Chinese dream for Hong Kong and Taiwan? -- A Chinese dream for returning migrants? -- A foreign Chinese dream? -- Discussion: Chinese dreams and Chinese multiculturalism -- Notes -- References -- 2: The Migrant Workers' Movement in the Democratic Consolidation of Korea -- The militant tradition of democratization -- Migrant workers, militancy, and the legacy of democratization -- Government politics and the role of NGOs -- Future agendas for the migrant workers' movement -- Note -- References -- 3: Property Law Policy for the Indigenous Ainu People and the Unresolved Issue of Reparations in Japan -- I. Introduction -- A. Property theory for the marginalized have-nots -- B. The aim of reparations research -- II. The tragic history of the Ainu people -- A. General history of the Ainu -- B. Recent Ainu property disputes -- III. Unresolved reparations challenges for the Ainu: The problems of the recent report -- A. Prelude: The recent conspicuous developments in the Ainu situation -- B. The commission's report and its problems -- (1) Merits -- (2) Demerits: Numerous problems in the report -- IV. Comparisons with other reparations cases: Legal analyses, legal obstacles, and how to overcome them -- A. Introduction: Results from case analyses.

B. Contrasting world trends towards reparations and the isolation of Japan -- C. Legal obstacles: Why have legal claims been dismissed in many cases? -- (1) The passing of time and lack of evidence as a factual matter -- (2) Legal principles related to the passage of time: Prescription and limitation of action -- (3) The other problem related to the passage of time: The need for the revaluation of unpaid salaries -- (4) The state immunity doctrine -- (5) The waiver clause in international treaties and the recent movement of moral reparations settlements to overcome it -- D. The purposes and varieties of remedies: Comparison of legal and moral reparations -- (1) The variety of the reparations remedies -- (2) Comparisons of legal and moral reparations and responsibility -- (3) A broader view of the critical model of the 'rule of law' -- V. Theoretical frameworks: The process of reparations and reconciliation -- A. The process of reconciliation -- B. The justifications for reparation: Focusing on the problem of inheritance of historical responsibility -- VI. Final remarks: Some challenges -- Notes -- References -- 4: Multiculturalism and Malaysia's (Semi-)Democracy: Movements for Electoral Reform in an Evolving Ethno-Political Landscape -- Bersih: Calling for clean and fair elections in Malaysia -- 13 May 1969 and its context -- Threats to socio-existential security -- Developments in Malaysia's ethnicized social and political spheres -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 5: Socio-cultural Cleavages and Red Shirt-Yellow Shirt Conflicts in Thailand's Politics: A Critical Multiculturalism View -- Introduction -- A brief survey of multiculturalism in Thailand's politics -- (1) Pre-modern multiculturalism in Thailand's politics -- (2) Colonialism and multiculturalism in Thailand's politics.

(3) Multiculturalism in Thailand's politics during the Cold War era -- (4) Contemporary issues of multiculturalism in Thailand's politics: Registered Illegal Immigrant Workers from Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia, and new Muslim insurgency -- Critical multiculturalism in Thailand: A new way of looking at democratization in Thailand -- (1) Yellow Shirts and the 'Sino-Thai Patriot' identity -- (2) Red Shirts and the rise of the 'Red Shirt village' -- Conclusion: The contribution of multiculturalism and critical multiculturalism to contemporary Thailand democratic reform -- Note -- References -- 6: Local Citizenship and Policy Agenda for 'Foreign Residents' in East Asia -- Introduction -- Theoretical review and methodology -- Trans-border migration and realignment of citizenship -- Comparative analysis on policy agenda formation -- Comparative analysis of the agenda formation of 'foreign residents' -- Public recognition of 'foreign residents' -- Key discourse in policy development -- Governance structure and key actors -- Local citizenship and resident foreigners -- Implications for the right to the city and urban space -- Implication of the right to participate in the local community -- Conclusion and discussion: Hierarchy of citizenship in East Asia -- Notes -- References -- Part II: Discontent over Multiculturalism and Alternative Routes in Europe -- 7: Multiculturalism and the Extreme Right Challenge in Contemporary Britain -- The 'failure' of multiculturalism -- At the ballot box: The electoral rise of the BNP -- The electoral decline of the BNP -- On the streets: The EDL -- All change on the far right? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 8: Nondiscrimination, Diversity and Islam: Challenges for Multiculturalism in France -- I. The institutionalization of antidiscrimination -- (1) Till the end of the 1990s -- (2) From racism to racial discrimination.

(3) The ambivalence of French anti-racist policies -- (4) The acceleration of the debate -- (5) Two series of tensions -- (6) The multicultural challenges of nondiscrimination -- II. The effects of the debate about Islam on multiculturalism -- (1) An escalating debate -- (2) The legacy of colonization -- (3) The Muslim immigrant -- (4) The 'new generations' and Islam -- (5) The Islamic scarf controversy -- (6) Discrimination on religious grounds: Between confusion, denial and refusal -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 9: Acculturation of Turkish Muslims as a Challenge to Social Integration in Germany -- Introduction -- Acculturation and integration of Turkish Muslims in Germany -- What does acculturation mean? -- Measurement of acculturation -- Empirical results on the acculturation of Muslims from Turkey -- (1) Acculturation orientations of Muslim pupils -- (2) Acculturation orientations of Muslim parents -- Media representation of Muslims -- The intellectual discourse on Islam -- Conclusion and implications -- Notes -- References -- 10: Acts of Citizenship against Neoliberalism: The New Cycle of Migrant Struggles in Italy -- Introduction -- Political subjectivization as a theory, acts of citizenship as a method -- The neoliberal governance of migration and its discontents: Italy as a case study -- Italy as a country of immigration -- Neoliberalism in migration governance and the citizenship regime -- The new cycle of migrant struggles in Italy: Genealogy, developments and outcomes -- What is new about the 'new' cycle of migrant struggles in Italy? -- Crises, repression and Arab Revolutions: A genealogy of the new cycle of struggles -- Struggles for the right to free movement -- Struggles for the right to stay and have a legal status -- Struggles for dignified working and living conditions.

Conclusions: A cycle of migrant struggles opening the boundaries of citizenship -- Note -- References -- 11: Multiculturalism and Dimensions of Identification in Eastern Europe: A Failed Policy or Inescapable Reality? -- Introduction -- Conceptualization of the framework of identification with the EU -- Binding national and European identities -- European and national identities in surveys -- Identification with the EU with regard to EU goals -- Alternative framework for identification with the EU -- The EU as a multicultural space -- Types of multicultural models at national/state level -- Multicultural reality in Eastern Europe -- Multicultural reality mirrored in policy at European level -- Some insights from the academic debate on multiculturalism -- How is this multicultural context embedded in the content of European identity? -- What do attitude surveys tell us? -- The issue of the content of European identity -- Recent research on patterns of European identity -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 12: A Shared European Citizenship in a Multinational and Multicultural Environment -- I. The state of the union -- (1) From negative to positive integration -- (2) The constitutionalization process -- (3) From regulatory state to strategic objectives -- (4) Multilevel governance -- (5) The crisis of economic governance -- Summary -- II. A multiplicity of national identities vs. a common European citizenship -- (1) Towards European citizenship -- (2) Which rights are involved? -- A. Free movement -- B. Voting rights -- C. Diplomatic and consular protection -- D. Right to petition -- (3) The democratic principles -- (4) Participatory democracy -- (5) The democratic deficit -- III. The quest for identity in present-day European society -- (1) Multicultural diversity -- (2) Reactions to cultural diversity.

(3) How to define European citizenship in times of crisis?.

This collection examines the current stage of multicultural challenges and their influence on democracy in 12 countries of Europe and East Asia. Contributors draw out the differences between European and East Asian approaches to universalizing locality and localizing global norms regarding human rights and democratic individuality.

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Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2024. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.